calculate the standard gibbs free energy associated with the formation of ammonia from nitrogen and hydrogen at 25 c and 500 c

Explanation:

a chemical reaction that absorbs energy is known to be endothermic since heat is being taken in by the reaction. The value of the transition state would be 150 because you have to subtract the product's enthalpy and the reactant's enthalpy to obtain it. A positive value for the transition state also corroborates that the reaction is endothermic.

Answer:

5g NaOH

Explanation:

Answer:

11 moles

Explanation:

1 mole of C12H22O11 molecules produces 12 moles of CO2 molecules and 11 moles of H2O molecules.

Answer:

Promotes Stellar Formation:

-Increased Gravitational Attraction

-Higher Temperature

Does Not Promote Stellar Formation:

-Decreased Gravitational Attraction

-Lower Temperature

Explanation:

Stars need at least three million kelvins to form, and the gravitational attraction helps form the star in the first place.

The physical conditions that are necessary to support nuclear fusion and formation of stars are divided into two headings. They are:

Promotes Stellar Formation:

Does Not Promote Stellar Formation:

There are some conditions that needs to be put in place before Nuclear Fusion can occur. It often needs temperatures of about 100 million Kelvin.

The ions have to be placed together in close proximity to allow fusion to take place between them.

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Answer:

N2O is an empirical formula

Explanation:

A.) P4O10   NO:  Can be reduced to P2O5

B.) C2H4    NO:  Can be reduced to CH2

C.) H2O2     NO:  Can be reduced to H O

D.) N2O     YES, the formula cannot be reduced any further.

The direction of the shift in an equilibrium system when the concentration of a substance is decreased is determined by Le Chatelier's Principle. This principle states that when a system at equilibrium is subjected to a change, it will respond by shifting in a direction that minimizes the change.

In the case of a decrease in the concentration of a substance, the system will shift in the direction that produces more of that substance. This means that the shift will be towards the side of the chemical equation on which the substance with the altered concentration is written.

For example, consider the following equilibrium system:

N2(g) + 3H2(g) ⇌ 2NH3(g)

If the concentration of NH3 is decreased, the system will shift to the right in order to produce more NH3 and minimize the change. This means that the concentration of N2 and H2 will decrease, while the concentration of NH3 will increase until a new equilibrium is established.

On the other hand, if the concentration of N2 is decreased, the system will shift to the left in order to produce more N2 and minimize the change. This means that the concentration of N2 will increase, while the concentration of H2 and NH3 will decrease until a new equilibrium is established.

In summary, the direction of the shift in an equilibrium system when the concentration of a substance is decreased is towards the side of the chemical equation on which the substance with the altered concentration is written.

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Answer:

Todos os três cientistas classificaram os elementos de acordo com o peso atômico.

Explicação:

As características da Tabela Periódica da Tríade Dobereiner são as seguintes:

1. é uma das classificações mais antigas de elementos.

2. nesta classificação, o peso atômico de um átomo é igual à média dos outros dois pesos atômicos.

3. é baseado no peso atômico.

Características do parafuso telúrico de Chancourtois

1. É a primeira classificação baseada no peso atômico.

2. foi a primeira representação gráfica dos elementos da tabela periódica.

Características da Lei das Oitavas de Newlands

1. também organizou os elementos de acordo com o peso atômico.

2. Em uma linha há apenas sete elementos e o oitavo vem abaixo do primeiro elemento devido às mesmas propriedades físicas e químicas.

The mass defect of one atom of 108In is 0.7777 amu.

To calculate the mass defect of an atom, we need to find the difference between the actual mass of the atom and the sum of the masses of its individual particles (protons, neutrons, and electrons) using Einstein's famous equation E=mc².

The mass of the atom of 108In is given as 107.909678 amu. The sum of the masses of its individual particles (protons and neutrons) can be calculated as follows:

mass of 108In nucleus = (107 protons x 1.00728 amu/proton) + (108 - 107 neutrons x 1.00867 amu/neutron)

= 107.13196 amu

Now, using Einstein's equation E=mc², we can find the energy equivalent of the mass defect (∆m) by multiplying the mass defect by the speed of light squared (c²):

∆E = ∆m c²

Since the units of mass and energy are related by c², we can convert the energy into units of mass (amu) by dividing by c²:

∆m = ∆E/c²

Using the values for the mass of the atom and the sum of the masses of its individual particles, we can calculate the mass defect (∆m) as:

∆m = (107.13196 - 107.909678) amu = -0.777718 amu

Therefore, the mass defect of one atom of 108In is 0.7777 amu. Note that the mass defect is negative because the actual mass of the atom is less than the sum of the masses of its individual particles, due to the binding energy that holds the nucleus together.

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Answer:

Option 3, The attraction between the can and the magnet is a pull.

Explanation:

The complete question is

Mr. Wang works in a recycling center. Recyclable materials arrive at the

center mixed together. Workers use magnets to separate steel cans from

other items. Which two statements are true about the force between a steel can and a magnet?

1 Gravity pushes the can toward the magnet.

2 The force between the can and the magnet is a noncontact force.

3 The attraction between the can and the magnet is a pull.

4 The attraction between the can and the magnet is a push

Solution

The force exerted by magnet on steel is the pull force. In magnets unlike poles attract each other (pull force) while the like poles repel (push force). Now, the steel or any ferrous object in the garbage when experience magnetic field develop magnetic field of their own in such a way that their north always faces the south of the external magnet or vice versa.

Hence, the force between a steel can and a magnet is pull force

Answer: Iron is necessary for photosynthesis because it facilitates the transfer of electrons and protons within the chloroplasts, which is required for the production of ATP, which is energy.

Explanation: Biology class helped a lot with this answer.

Answer:

Fe(C₂H₃O₂)₃,  Fe(CN)₃,  Pb(C₂H₃O₂)₄,  Pb(CN)₄

Explanation:

Cations (positively charged ions) can only form ionic bonds with anions (negatively charged ions). However, you can't just simply put one cation and one anion together to form a compound. Each compound needs to been neutral, or have an overall charge of 0. When cations and anions do not have charges that perfectly cancel, you need to modify the amount of each ion in the compound.

1.) Fe(C₂H₃O₂)₃

-----> Fe³⁺ and C₂H₃O₂⁻

-----> +3 + (-1) + (-1) + (-1) = 0

2.) Fe(CN)₃

-----> Fe³⁺ and CN⁻

-----> +3 + (-1) + (-1) + (-1) = 0

3.) Pb(C₂H₃O₂)₄

-----> Pb⁴⁺ and C₂H₃O₂⁻

-----> +4 + (-1) + (-1) + (-1) + (-1) = 0

4.) Pb(CN)₄

-----> Pb⁴⁺ and CN⁻

-----> +4 + (-1) + (-1) + (-1) + (-1) = 0

Pressure is defined as the force per unit area.

It quantifies the amount of force applied to a given area. Mathematically, pressure (P) is calculated by dividing the force (F) acting perpendicular to a surface by the area (A) over which the force is distributed:

P = F / A

The SI unit of pressure is the Pascal (Pa), which is equivalent to one Newton per square meter (N/m²). However, other units such as atmospheres (atm), millimeters of mercury (mmHg), and pounds per square inch (psi) are also commonly used.

Pressure can be experienced in various contexts and is influenced by factors such as the magnitude of the force and the area over which it is distributed. For example, when a person stands on the ground, their weight exerts a force downwards.

The pressure experienced by the ground is higher when the person's weight is concentrated on a smaller area (e.g., standing on tiptoes) compared to when the weight is distributed over a larger area (e.g., standing with both feet flat on the ground).

In fluid dynamics, pressure is crucial in determining the behavior of fluids. It plays a role in fluid flow, buoyancy, and the operation of devices like pumps and hydraulic systems.

Understanding pressure and its distribution is important in various fields, including engineering, physics, chemistry, and meteorology. It helps analyze and predict phenomena such as fluid behavior, structural integrity, atmospheric conditions, and many other practical applications.

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To get the length of an array in C++, you can use the "sizeof()" function to divide the total size of the array by the size of a single element.

In C++, you can determine the length of an array by using the "sizeof()" function. First, you calculate the total size of the array in bytes by calling "sizeof(array)". Then, you find the size of a single element in bytes by calling "sizeof(array[0])". Finally, you divide the total size of the array by the size of a single element to get the length of the array. Here's the code:
```cpp
#include

int main() {
 int array[] = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5};
 int length = sizeof(array) / sizeof(array[0]);

 std::cout << "The length of the array is: " << length << std::endl;
 return 0;
}
```
This code will output "The length of the array is: 5".

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Answer:

A

Explanation:

because they both belong to the same group and both have one electron in there outermost shell..

Answer:Because to make up an atom you need different isotopes

Explanation: Because if you didnt you would have the same amount.

The heat energy is required to cool 18 grams of steam at 118° to ice at -21° is 10,313.54 J. Option E is correct.

To solve this problem, we need to calculate the heat energy required to cool steam from 118°C to 0°C and then the heat energy required to freeze water at 0°C to ice at -21°C.

First, let's calculate the heat energy required to cool steam from 118°C to 0°C using the formula:

Q = mcΔT

where Q is the heat energy required, m is the mass of the substance, c is the specific heat capacity, and ΔT is the change in temperature.

The specific heat capacity of steam is 2.01 J/g°C. Therefore, the heat energy required to cool 18 grams of steam from 118°C to 0°C is:

Q1 = 18 g × 2.01 J/g°C × (118°C - 0°C) = 4,309.64 J

Next, let's calculate the heat energy required to freeze water at 0°C to ice at -21°C using the formula:

Q = mlf

where Q is the heat energy required, m is the mass of the substance, and lf is the heat of fusion.

The heat of fusion of water is 333.55 J/g. Therefore, the heat energy required to freeze 18 grams of water at 0°C to ice at -21°C is:

Q2 = 18 g × 333.55 J/g = 6,003.9 J

Finally, we can add the two heat energy values to get the total heat energy required:

Q = Q1 + Q2

    = 4,309.64 J + 6,003.9 J

    = 10,313.54 J. Option E is correct.

The complete question is

how much heat energy is required to cool 18 grams of steam at 118 degree to ice at "-21" degree

a) 9,400 J

b) 14,200 J

c) 20,000 J

d) 43,200 J

e) 10,313.54 J.

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The normal range of pH levels in blood and tissue fluids in the human body is approximately 7.35 to 7.45. This range is slightly alkaline, indicating a slightly basic or basic condition.

A strong acid is a substance that completely dissociates in water, releasing a high concentration of hydrogen ions (H+). This results in a low pH value. Strong acids are highly reactive and can cause severe burns or damage. Examples include hydrochloric acid (HCl) and sulfuric acid (H2SO4).

A weak acid, on the other hand, only partially dissociates in water, releasing a lower concentration of hydrogen ions (H+). This results in a higher pH value compared to strong acids. Weak acids are less reactive and tend to be less harmful. Examples include acetic acid (CH3COOH) and carbonic acid (H2CO3).

The main difference between strong acids and weak acids lies in their degree of dissociation and the concentration of hydrogen ions they release when dissolved in water, which affects their acidity and pH value.

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Answer:

Weak; a lot of potential energy.

Explanation:

Carbon-carbon covalent bonds, such as the ones in carbohydrates and lipids, are weak and have potential energy.

In chemistry, a covalent bond is a chemical connection between two ions or atoms in which their respective electron pairs are shared. A molecular bond is another name for a covalent link.

Several other chemical species, including radicals and macromolecules, may also include this kind of connection. Irving Langmuir invented the term "covalence" around 1919 to characterize the quantity of electron pairs exchanged by nearby atoms, but the phrase "covalent bond" wasn't used until 1939. Carbon-carbon covalent bonds, such as the ones in carbohydrates and lipids, are weak and have potential energy.

Therefore, carbon-carbon covalent bonds, such as the ones in carbohydrates and lipids, are weak and have potential energy.

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Answer:

B) They will react because X and Y can share two pairs of electrons to become stable

Explanation:

The electron configurations of two elements x and y are given :

X: 1s2 2s2 2p6

Y: 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6

The statement that is true for both the elements is that, they both will react as they both can share two pairs of electrons to become stable.

To become stable the outermost shell or p orbital should have 8 electrons, so element X  can gain 2 atoms to become stable.

Element Y can also react as it can also share two atoms to fulfill its 3p orbital and will stable.

Hence, the correct option is "B".

The compound name for the chemical formula FeCO₃ is iron(II) carbonate.

Fe: The symbol "Fe" represents the chemical element iron.

CO₃: The symbol "CO₃" represents the carbonate ion, which consists of one carbon atom (C) bonded to three oxygen atoms (O).

The compound's name is iron(II) carbonate, which indicates the oxidation state of iron in the compound. In this case, the Roman numeral II (2) in parentheses after "iron" denotes that the iron atom has a +2 oxidation state. The name "carbonate" indicates the presence of the carbonate ion.

Therefore, FeCO₃ is composed of one iron (Fe) atom bonded to one carbonate (CO₃) group.

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The hydrostatic pressure of the viperfish lives in the abyssal zone at a depth of 5,000 meters in the sea, it has a body full of luminescent organs that it uses to capture its prey is 51,357,450 Pa.

Hydrostatic pressure is the force exerted by a liquid on an object that is submerged in it. It can be calculated by multiplying the density of the liquid, the acceleration due to gravity, and the height of the liquid. So, the formula for hydrostatic pressure is:

P = ρgh

where P is the hydrostatic pressure, ρ is the density of the liquid, g is the acceleration due to gravity, h is the height of the liquid.

In this case, the density of seawater at 5,000 meters depth is approximately 1,045 kg/m³, and the acceleration due to gravity is approximately 9.81 m/s².Therefore, the hydrostatic pressure that the viperfish supports is:

P = (1,045 kg/m³)(9.81 m/s²)(5,000 m)

≈ 51,357,450 Pa

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The most dissolved H₂ (g) in H₂O (l) would occur under 101.3 kPa and 75°C.

The attraction between an electronegative atom serving as the hydrogen bond acceptor and a hydrogen atom covalently bonded to a more electronegative "donor" atom or group (Dn) is known as a hydrogen bond, or H-bond (Ac).Under 101.3 kPa and 75 °C, the maximum dissolved H2 (g) in H2O (l) would be present.At higher temperatures, the solvent molecules will have higher kinetic energy, allowing them to break the hydrogen bonds between the molecules and dissolve H₂ (g) more easily. At higher pressures, there will be more molecules of H₂ (g) in a given volume, increasing the chances of it dissolving into the solvent.

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Answer:

A.kinetic energy doubles as well

B. speed will increase by 1.414 times

Explanation:

kinetic energy is directly proportional to the temperature so doubling the temperature doubles the kinetic energy as well

The balanced equation for this reaction is:

CH3CH2CH2OH + C6H5N=C=O → CH3CH2CH2OC(=O)N(C6H5)CH3 + H2O

CH3CH2CH2OH + C6H5N=C=O → CH3CH2CH2OC(=O)N(C6H5)CH3 + H2O

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The Electron Pair Geometry and molecular geometry of a molecule is determined by the electron group by counting the total number of electron pairs around a central atom.

Electron Pair Geometry defined as the the spatial arrangement of a molecule's bonds and lone pairs. It is determined by the number of electron groups. Molecular geometry can be explained as the geometry which depends on not only on the number of electron groups but also on the number of lone pairs. When the electron groups are all bond pairs, they are named exactly like the electron pair geometry. The electron pairs are the bonded electrons, lone pairs and single unpaired electrons. It the total number of electron pairs is estimated the electron pair geometry of the molecule can be drawn.

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Approximately 2.64 grams of dry NH4Cl need to be added to 2.00 L of the 0.100 M NH3 solution to prepare a buffer solution with a pH of 8.65.

To prepare a buffer solution with a pH of 8.65 using ammonia (NH3) and ammonium chloride (NH4Cl), we need to calculate the amount of NH4Cl needed. First, we need to determine the concentration of NH4+ ions in the buffer solution using the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation:
pH = pKa + log([A-]/[HA])
Since we want the pH to be 8.65 and ammonia acts as a base, we can assume that [A-] = [NH3]. The pKa of ammonia can be calculated using the Kb value:
Kw = Ka * Kb1.0 * 10^-14 = Ka * (1.8 * 10^-5)
Ka = 5.56 * 10^-10
pKa = -log(Ka) = -log(5.56 * 10^-10) = 9.26
Now we can plug the values into the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation:
8.65 = 9.26 + log([NH3]/[NH4+])
Taking the antilog of both sides:
[NH3]/[NH4+] = 10^(8.65 - 9.26) = 10^-0.61 = 0.247
Since we have 2.00 L of a 0.100 M solution of NH3, we can calculate the moles of NH3:
moles of NH3 = 0.100 M * 2.00 L = 0.200 moles
Since the ratio of NH3 to NH4+ is 1:0.247, we need to multiply the moles of NH3 by the ratio to get the moles of NH4+:moles of NH4+ = 0.200 moles * 0.247 = 0.0494 moles
Finally, we can calculate the mass of NH4Cl needed using the molar mass of NH4Cl:
mass of NH4Cl = moles of NH4+ * molar mass of NH4Cl
mass of NH4Cl = 0.0494 moles * (53.49 g/mol) = 2.64 grams
Therefore, approximately 2.64 grams of dry NH4Cl need to be added to 2.00 L of the 0.100 M NH3 solution to prepare a buffer solution with a pH of 8.65.

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Answer:

True

Explanation:

1 mole MgC2H3O2

Step 1

Information needed: The mass of each element per mol (the periodic table is recommended to use)

Mg) 24.305

C) 12.011

H) 1.007

O) 15.999

--------------

Step 2

Procedure:

1 mole MgC2H3O2 = 24.305 (Mg) + 2 x 12.011 (C) + 3 x 1.007 (H) + 2 x 15.999 (O) = 83.346 g

Therefore, the molar mass of MgC2H3O2 = 83.346 g/mol

Answer: 1 mole MgC2H3O2 = 83.346 g

---------------------

CaCO3:

The masses per mole:

Ca) 40.078

C) 12.011

O) 15.999

1 mole CaCO3 = 40.078 + 12.011 + 3 x 15.999 = 100.08 g

-------------------

Cu(CN)2:

The masses per mole:

Cu) 63.546

C) 12.011

N) 14.006

1 mole Cu(CN)2 = 63.546 + 2 x 12.011 + 2 x 14.006 = 115.58 g

---------------------

Na2CO3:

Na) 22.989

C) 12.011

O) 15.999

1 mole Na2CO3 = 2 x 22.989 + 12.011 + 3 x 15.999 = 105.98 g