calculate the quantity of heat released in kj when 15.7 g of benzene in the liquid phase at 50.0 °c is converted to solid benzene at 2.0 °c. molar mass of benzene

The value of ΔG° for the reaction between the pair Pb(s) and Sn2(aq) to give Sn(s) and Pb2(aq) at 25°C is -493.6 kJ/mol. The reaction of the reaction between the pair Pb(s) and Sn2(aq) to give Sn(s) and Pb2(aq) at 25°C can be represented by the following equation: Pb(s) + Sn2(aq) → Sn(s) + Pb2(aq)

The value of δG° (in kJ) at 25°C can be calculated by using the Gibbs free energy equation:ΔG° = ΔH° − TΔS°where ΔH° and ΔS° are the standard enthalpy and standard entropy changes, respectively, and T is the temperature in Kelvin.

To calculate the value of ΔH°, we need to use the standard enthalpy of formation of the reactants and products.

The values are as follows: Reactants: Pb(s) → ΔH°f = 0 kJSn2(aq) → ΔH°f = 0 kJProducts:Sn(s) → ΔH°f = 0 kJPb2(aq) → ΔH°f = -493.8 kJ/mol

The change in enthalpy for the reaction is given by:ΔH° = Σ(ΔH°f of products) − Σ(ΔH°f of reactants)ΔH° = [0 kJ/mol + (-493.8 kJ/mol)] − [0 kJ/mol + 0 kJ/mol]ΔH° = -493.8 kJ/mol. The standard entropy change can be calculated using the molar entropy values of the reactants and products.

The values are as follows:Reactants:Pb(s) → S°m = 22.6 J/mol·KSn2(aq) → S°m = 189.5 J/mol·KProducts:Sn(s) → S°m = 41.5 J/mol·KPb2(aq) → S°m = 163.3 J/mol·K

The change in entropy for the reaction is given by:ΔS° = Σ(S°m of products) − Σ(S°m of reactants)ΔS° = [41.5 J/mol·K + 163.3 J/mol·K] − [22.6 J/mol·K + 189.5 J/mol·K]ΔS° = -6.3 J/mol·K

Now, we can calculate the value of ΔG° using the Gibbs free energy equation:ΔG° = ΔH° − TΔS°ΔG° = [-493.8 kJ/mol] − [(25 + 273.15) K × (-6.3 J/mol·K/1000 J/kJ)]ΔG° = -493.8 kJ/mol + 0.158 kJ/molΔG° = -493.6 kJ/mol

Therefore, the value of ΔG° for the reaction between the pair Pb(s) and Sn2(aq) to give Sn(s) and Pb2(aq) at 25°C is -493.6 kJ/mol.

To learn more about reaction visit;

https://brainly.com/question/30464598

#SPJ11

The energy is required to remove a proton from ¹⁵N₇ is

The reaction to remove the proton is given as follows :

¹⁵N₇  ---->   ¹⁴C₆  +  H

The mass of ¹⁵N₇   =  15.000109

the mass of ¹⁴C₆ = 14.003242

The mass of H = 1.007825

The energy requires to remove a proton is given as:

E = ( 14.003242 + 1.007825 - 15.000109) u

E = 0.010958 × 9312.5 MeV

E = 10.2046375 MeV

Thus, energy is required to remove a proton from ¹⁵N₇ with  the masses of the atoms ¹⁵N₇ , ¹⁴C₆ and H are 15.000109 u , 14.003242 u and 1.007825 u , respectively is 10.2046375 MeV.

To learn more about proton here

https://brainly.com/question/14162227

#SPJ4

The suggested name for the given organic compound is 2-chloro-2-methylpropane, and it describes the structure of the compound in a concise and accurate manner.

The given compound has two carbon atoms, each attached to a methyl group and a chlorine atom. The chlorine atom is attached to the first carbon atom, which is then attached to the second carbon atom via a single bond. Based on this information, we can suggest the name of the compound as 2-chloro-2-methylpropane.
The name is derived by first identifying the longest carbon chain, which in this case is a two-carbon chain. Since the carbon chain has a branch attached to it, we indicate the position of the branch using a number. The branch is a chlorine atom, which is attached to the first carbon atom.

Hence, we use the prefix "chloro" to indicate the presence of the chlorine atom. The two methyl groups are also attached to the first carbon atom and are indicated using the prefix "methyl". Finally, since the compound has a branched structure, we use the suffix "-ane" to indicate that it is an alkane.

Learn more about organic compounds here:

https://brainly.com/question/13508986

#SPJ11

Answer:

Flavors and fragrances

The state change occurs when the glass melts.

The matter is anything that has mass and occupies space.

The different states of matter are solid, liquid, gas, and plasma.

The properties of the different types of matter can be understood by looking at the arrangement of molecules.

When a solid substance is heated beyond its melting point, it changes its state from solid to liquid.

When liquid is heated beyond its vaporizing point, it changes its state from liquid to gas.

Solids are closely packed and have a definite shape and size.

Liquids are loosely packed and take up the space of the container.

Gas has high intermolecular spacing and the gases are not rigid.

Ground glass is melted under light heat and poured into molds.

Recycling glass involves changing the state of glass from solid to liquid state.

To know more about Different states of matter

https://brainly.com/question/1134312

#SPJ6

Given that the probability of a type A channel being open is pA = 0.2, the probability of it being closed is 1 - pA = 0.8.

a) Also, since there are NA = 4 type A channels that are indistinguishable and independently open with probability pA = 0.2, the probability that all of them are closed is (1 - pA)NA = (0.8)4 = 0.4096. Similarly, since there are NB = 5 type B channels that are indistinguishable and independently open with probability pB = 0.1, the probability that all of them are closed is (1 - pB)NB = (0.9)5 = 0.59049.Now, since these two events are independent, i.e., the state of type A channels has no effect on the state of type B channels, the probability that all channels in the cell are closed is given by the product of the probabilities of the two events, i.e., P(All channels closed) = P(Type A channels closed) × P(Type B channels closed) = 0.4096 × 0.59049 = 0.24189.

b) There are three mutually exclusive events that correspond to the cell having exactly one channel open. These are the following: Exactly one type A channel is open and all type B channels are closed. Exactly one type B channel is open and all type A channels are closed. One type A channel and one type B channel are open. Since these three events are mutually exclusive, the probability that the cell has exactly one channel open is given by the sum of the probabilities of the three events, i.e.,P(Exactly one channel open) = P(One type A channel open) + P(One type B channel open) + P(One type A and one type B channel open)Now, the probability of exactly one type A channel being open and all type B channels being closed is given by the product of the probabilities of these two events, i.e.,P(Exactly one type A channel open) = P(Type A channel open) × P(All type B channels closed given that exactly one type A channel is open) = NA × pA × (1 - pB)NB-1= 4 × 0.2 × 0.95 = 0.76Similarly, the probability of exactly one type B channel being open and all type A channels being closed is given by the product of the probabilities of these two events, i.e., P(Exactly one type B channel open) = P(Type B channel open) × P(All type A channels closed given that exactly one type B channel is open) = NB × pB × (1 - pA)NA-1= 5 × 0.1 × 0.98 = 0.49

Finally, the probability of one type A channel and one type B channel being open is given by the product of the probabilities of these two events, i.e., P(One type A and one type B channel open) = P(Type A channel open) × P(Type B channel open given that exactly one type A channel is open) = NA × pA × NB-1 × pB= 4 × 0.2 × 0.1 × 5 = 0.4

Therefore, P(Exactly one channel open) = 0.76 + 0.49 + 0.4 = 1.65

c) The complement of the event "the cell has at least one channel of type A open and at least one channel of type B open" is the event "the cell has no channel of type A open or no channel of type B open".

Therefore,P(the cell has at least one channel of type A open and at least one channel of type B open) = 1 - P(the cell has no channel of type A open or no channel of type B open)Now, the probability of "the cell has no channel of type A open or no channel of type B open" is given by the sum of the probabilities of the two events, i.e.,P(the cell has no channel of type A open or no channel of type B open) = P(the cell has no channel of type A open) + P(the cell has no channel of type B open)Now, the probability of the cell having no channel of type A open is P(Type A channels closed) = 0.4096, as we have found earlier. Also, the probability of the cell having no channel of type B open is P(Type B channels closed) = 0.59049. Since these two events are independent, the probability of the cell having no channel of type A open or no channel of type B open is given by the product of the probabilities of the two events, i.e., P(the cell has no channel of type A open or no channel of type B open) = P(Type A channels closed) × P(Type B channels closed) = 0.4096 × 0.59049 = 0.24189Therefore,P(the cell has at least one channel of type A open and at least one channel of type B open) = 1 - P(the cell has no channel of type A open or no channel of type B open) = 1 - 0.24189 = 0.75811

The probabilities of the events "the cell has no channel open", "the cell has exactly one channel open (of either type)", and "the cell has at least one channel of type A open and at least one channel of type B open" are P(All channels closed) = 0.24189, P(Exactly one channel open) = 1.65, and P(the cell has at least one channel of type A open and at least one channel of type B open) = 0.75811, respectively.

Learn more about probability

https://brainly.com/question/31828911

#SPJ11

Answer:

whats ur answer options

Explanation:

...

its b

The 1000 kg ball would have 62500 J of kinetic energy; The 10 kg ball would have 125 J of kinetic energy; The 100 kg person would also have 1250 J of kinetic energy.

Kinetic energy is the energy an object possesses due to its motion. It is defined as the energy that an object has as a result of its motion, and is dependent on the mass and velocity of the object.

To calculate the kinetic energy of an object, we use the formula:

KE = \(1/2 * m * v^{2}\)

where m is the mass of the object and v is its velocity.

Given that a 100 kg ball is traveling at 5 m/s, we can calculate its kinetic energy:

KE = \(1/2 * 100 kg * (5 m/s)^2\) = 1250 J

Using the same formula, we can calculate the kinetic energy for the following scenarios:

A 1000 kg ball traveling at 5 m/s:

KE =\(1/2 * 1000 kg * (5 m/s)^2\)= 62500 J

The 1000 kg ball would have 62500 J of kinetic energy, which is 50 times greater than the kinetic energy of the 100 kg ball.

A 10 kg ball traveling at 5 m/s:

KE = \(1/2 * 10 kg * (5 m/s)^2\)= 125 J

The 10 kg ball would have 125 J of kinetic energy, which is 10 times smaller than the kinetic energy of the 100 kg ball.

A 100 kg person traveling at 5 m/s:

KE = \(1/2 * 100 kg * (5 m/s)^2\) = 1250 J

The 100 kg person would also have 1250 J of kinetic energy, which is the same as the kinetic energy of the 100 kg ball.

Learn more about energy here:

https://brainly.com/question/1932868

#SPJ1

The temperature at which 0.0828 moles of hydrogen would have a pressure of 1.00 atm and a volume of 55.0 L is 743 K .

The ideal gas law is a fundamental equation of state for an ideal gas.

We can use the Ideal Gas Law to solve for the temperature:

PV = nRT

Where

First, we need to convert the number of moles to moles:

n = 0.0828 mol

Next, we can substitute the given values into the Ideal Gas Law and solve for T:

T = PV/nR = (1.00 atm) x (55.0 L) / (0.0828 mol x 0.0821 L·atm/mol·K) = 743 K

Therefore, the temperature at which 0.0828 moles of hydrogen would have a pressure of 1.00 atm and a volume of 55.0 L is 743 K.

Learn more about ideal gas law here : brainly.com/question/27870704

#SPJ1

pCO2 is an important factor that affects various aspects of water chemistry and the impacts of ocean acidification. When pCO2 increases, the concentration of total CO2 dissolved in water also increases. This leads to changes in pH, which decreases due to increasing atmospheric CO2 concentration.

When pCO2 rises, the concentration of only CO2 dissolved in water increases. The dissolved CO2 forms carbonic acid, which contributes to the acidification of the ocean. This increase in CO2 affects the equilibrium between CO2, HCO3-, and CO3^2-, shifting it towards higher levels of dissolved CO2 and H+ ions, resulting in a lower pH.

In terms of the impacts of ocean acidification on different organisms, the effects can vary depending on their specific needs. An organism that requires CO2 is likely to fare better under ocean acidification since the increase in dissolved CO2 can provide them with a favorable environment. However, organisms that rely on HCO3- or CO3^2- may fare worse under ocean acidification, as the lower pH interferes with the availability of these carbonate ions, which are essential for shell formation and calcification in some marine organisms.

To know more about pCO2, click here, https://brainly.com/question/33500517

#SPJ11

Answer: 1849.9584

Explanation:

ANSWER

EXPLANATION

Ammonia (NH3) is a base that does not contain hydroxyl ion but dissolved in water to produce ammonium ion and hydroxyl ion.

Recall, that pH scale is one of the tool used in determining a strong base and a weak base

The pH of ammonia is 11 and this make ammonia (NH3) to fall under the category of weak base

Therefore, ammonia is a weak base

The formation of a precipitate is possible when the product of the ionic concentrations exceeds the Ksp value. Qis is the reaction quotient, which is the ionic product (IP) in a solution.

To determine whether a precipitate will occur, the reaction quotient (Qis) must be compared to the solubility product constant (Kip). The correct option is (d) Precipitation will not occur because Qis < Kip. The calculations are provided solution below; Qis = [Pb2+] [I–]2Moles of NaI = 0.587 L × 0.00531 mol/L = 0.00313 mol Moles of Pb(NO3)2 = 0.840 L × 0.00536 mol/L = 0.00451 mol[Pb2+] = 0.00451 mol / (0.587 L + 0.840 L) = 0.00327 M[I–] = 0.00313 mol / (0.587 L + 0.840 L) = 0.00226 MQsp = (0.00327 M) × (0.00226 M)2 = 1.72 × 10–8 Kip = 1.4 × 10–8As Qsp is less than Ksp, a precipitate will not form. Therefore, the correct option is (d) Precipitation will not occur because Qis < Ksp.

learn more about solution here.

https://brainly.com/question/1616939

#SPJ11

Answer:

can you please type english?Explanation:

One of the isomers of C4H10O that is an alcohol is the 1-butanol or butyl alcohol:

Another of the alcohols that has the given formula is tert-butanol or tert-butyl alcohol:

The third isomer of C4H10O is 2-butanol:

And the last isomer is isobutanol or isobutyl alcohol:

As the reaction between the two gases proceeds, the volume of the container will decrease due to the formation of a new gas, XY, which takes up less space than the two gases combined.

In a closed system, the decrease in volume is accompanied by an increase in pressure, as the molecules of XY have less space to move around in than the molecules of X and Y.

This is because the increased pressure will cause the molecules to move faster, thereby increasing the kinetic energy of the system. This increase in temperature will cause the reaction to speed up, leading to more molecules of XY being formed. As the reaction continues, the pressure, temperature, and volume will continue to change in a dynamic equilibrium until all the reactants are used up.

Learn more about gases:

https://brainly.com/question/27660102

#SPJ4

Answer:

oxoacids

Explanation:

Acids such as HNO3, H2SO4, which contain oxygen, hydrogen, and other elements are called oxoacids

Answer:

stupid

13

Explanation:

Alpha-amylase breaks the alpha-1,4-glycosidic bonds found in starch molecules.

Alpha-amylase is an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of alpha-1,4-glycosidic bonds in starch, a type of polysaccharide composed of glucose monomers. Starch is a major carbohydrate storage molecule in plants and is also an important component of the human diet.

When alpha-amylase encounters a starch molecule, it binds to the polysaccharide chain and cleaves it into smaller pieces, called dextrins, by breaking the alpha-1,4-glycosidic bonds between glucose monomers.

The resulting dextrins can then be further broken down into glucose by other enzymes, such as beta-amylase and glucoamylase.

Alpha-amylase is produced by various organisms, including humans, animals, and bacteria. In humans, alpha-amylase is produced in the salivary glands and pancreas and is involved in the initial breakdown of starch in the mouth and small intestine, respectively.

Overall, alpha-amylase plays an important role in the digestion and utilization of starch as a source of energy.

To learn more about starch, refer below:

https://brainly.com/question/14278135

#SPJ11

Alpha-amylase breaks α-1,4-glycosidic bonds between glucose molecules in polysaccharides such as starch and glycogen.

Alpha-amylase breaks glycosidic bonds between glucose molecules in polysaccharides such as starch and glycogen. It specifically targets the α-1,4-glycosidic bond, which is the bond between two glucose units connected in a linear chain. This enzyme hydrolyzes this bond, releasing maltose and shorter polysaccharide chains.

https://brainly.com/question/27762300

#SPJ12

Answer:

I believe its :: S waves

Explanation:

Scientists are able to identify characteristics of the Earth's inner layers because of S waves. By transmitting sound waves through the earth, scientists may learn about its strata.

A sound wave is the pattern of disruption brought on by the movement of energy moving through a medium as it propagates away from the source of the sound . When an item vibrates, sound waves are formed. One example of this is when a phone rings.

There are three types of sound waves: pressure waves, mechanical waves, and longitudinal waves. To discover out what makes them so, keep reading. Sound waves that are longitudinal are those in which the direction of the energy flow is parallel to the velocity of the particles in the medium.

We may examine the sound waves to comprehend the layers of the earth because layers with varying densities will enable sound waves to move through them in different ways.

Thus, option B is correct.

To learn more about sound waves refer the link below;

https://brainly.com/question/11797560

#SPJ2

In order to determine the pH in the given scenarios, several calculations and considerations need to be taken into account.Firstly, the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation can be used, which relates the pH of a solution to the pKa of the acid and the ratio of its conjugate base to the acid. This equation is pH = pKa + log([A-]/[HA]), where [A-] is the concentration of the conjugate base and [HA] is the concentration of the acid.

The first problem asks for the pH of a solution made by mixing 0.20 mol of acid HA with 0.30 mol of its conjugate base NaA. The pH can be calculated using the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation, pH = pKa + log([A-]/[HA]). Given that the pKa is 6, we can plug in the values and solve for the pH.

The second problem asks for the pH after adding 0.05 mol of NaOH to the previous solution. Since NaOH is a strong base, it will react with the acid HA and form water.

The amount of NaOH added is small compared to the amount of acid, so we can assume that the acid will be fully neutralized. We can calculate the resulting concentration of the acid and its conjugate base and use the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation to find the new pH.

The third problem involves mixing 200 mL of 0.20 M HA with 300 mL of 0.30 M NaA. We need to calculate the concentrations of the acid and its conjugate base after mixing, and then use the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation to find the pH.

The fourth problem asks for the pH after adding 10 mL of 0.50 M HCl to the previous solution. Since HCl is a strong acid, it will completely dissociate and increase the concentration of the acid HA.

We need to calculate the new concentrations of the acid and its conjugate base and use the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation to find the new pH.

Learn more about pH of a solution

brainly.com/question/3020720

#SPJ11

Answer:

The answer is Unreactive.

Explanation:

This is an unreactive atom because it has completely filled out stable electrons in the outer shell.

8 electrons in the outer shell means stable.

The United States uses many different energy sources and technologies to generate electricity. The sources and technologies have changed over time, and some are used more than others.

The three major categories of energy for electricity generation are fossil fuels (coal, natural gas, and petroleum), nuclear energy, and renewable energy sources. Most electricity is generated with steam turbines using fossil fuels, nuclear, biomass, geothermal, and solar thermal energy. Other major electricity generation technologies include gas turbines, hydro turbines, wind turbines, and solar photovoltaics.

Natural gas was the largest source—about 38%—of U.S. electricity generation in 2021. Natural gas is used in steam turbines and gas turbines to generate electricity.

Coal was the second-largest energy source for U.S. electricity generation in 2021—about 22%. Nearly all coal-fired power plants use steam turbines. A few coal-fired power plants convert coal to gas for use in a gas turbine to generate electricity.

Petroleum was the source of less than 1% of U.S. electricity generation in 2021. Residual fuel oil and petroleum coke are used in steam turbines. Distillate—or diesel—fuel oil is used in diesel-engine generators. Residual fuel oil and distillates can also be burned in gas turbines.

For more information on electricity generation click on the link below:

https://brainly.com/question/12475693

#SPJ4

Answer:

yo te puedo ayudar

tu solo di cuando donde

Explanation:

Answer:combustion

Explanation:

Answer:

40.68 % C

23.73 % N

8.47% H

27.12% O

Explanation:

The mass percent of an element X in a compound is calculated as the molar mass (MM) of X multiplied by the number of atoms of X in the compound, divided into the molecular weight (MW) of the compound, as follows:

mass percent of X = (MM(X) x number of atoms of X)/MW compound x 100

Thus, we first calculate the MW of acetamide (C₂H₅NO) by using the molar mass of the chemical elements C, H, N and O:

MW(C₂H₅NO) = (12 g/mol C x 2) + (1 g/mol H x 5) + 14 g/mol N + 16 g/mol O = 59 g/mol

Now, we can calculate the mass percent of each element (C, H, N, O) in C₂H₅NO:

          % mass C = (12 g/mol x 2)/(59 g/mol) x 100 = 40.68 %

       % mass N = (14 g/mol x 1)/(59 g/mol) x 100 = 23.73 %

       % mass H = (1 g/mol x 5)/(59 g/mol) x 100 = 8.47 %

       % mass O = (16 g/mol x 1)/(59 g/mol) x 100 = 27.12 %

The sum of the mass percents has to be equal to 100%:

40.68 % C + 23.73 % N + 8.47% H + 27.12% O = 100%

The balanced chemical equation for the reaction between solid lithium oxide (Li2O) and liquid water (H2O) to form aqueous lithium hydroxide (LiOH) is: Li2O(s) + H2O(l) → 2LiOH(aq)

In the balanced chemical equation, the reactants are solid lithium oxide (Li2O) and liquid water (H2O), while the product is aqueous lithium hydroxide (LiOH). The phase of each substance is indicated in the equation as follows: Li2O is in the solid phase (s), H2O is in the liquid phase (l), and LiOH is in the aqueous phase (aq). The equation shows that two moles of LiOH are produced for every mole of Li2O reacted with water. This reaction represents the combination of the elements lithium, oxygen, and hydrogen to form lithium hydroxide.

To know more about chemical reactions : brainly.com/question/29762834

#SPJ11

Answer:

Hello!!! Princess Sakura here ^^

Explanation:

a) compound because it's made up of elements.

b) element because they haven't bonded yet.

c) mixture because there are many compounds within a mixture.

d) compound because it's made up of elements.

e) compound because it's made up of elements.

f) mixture because there are many compounds within a mixture.

Respuesta:

16,7 mL

Explicación:

Paso 1: Información provista

Paso 2: Calcular el volumen de la solución concentrada

Queremos preparar una solución diluida de hipoclorito de sodio a partir de una concentrada. Podemos calcular el volumen inicial que debemos tomar usando la regla de dilución.

C₁ × V₁ = C₂ × V₂

V₁ = C₂ × V₂ / C₁

V₁ = 0,5% × 200 mL / 6% = 16,7 mL