Calculate the molality and van’t Hoff factor (i) for the following aqueous solutions:
(a) 1.00 mass % NaCl, freezing point = - 0.593°C
Answers
The formula for molality is m = moles of solute / kilograms of solvent. In problem solving involving molality, we sometimes need to use additional formulas to get to the final answer. One formula we need to be aware of is the formula for density, which is d = m / v, where d is density, m is mass and v is volume.
What molality means?Molality (m), or molal concentration, is the amount of a substance dissolved in a certain mass of solvent. It is defined as the moles of a solute per kilograms of a solvent.
What is molality vs molarity?Learn how molarity and molality differ! The molality of a solution is equal to the moles of solute divided by the mass of solvent in kilograms, while the molarity of a solution is equal to the moles of solute divided by the volume of solution in liters.
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An aquifer receives 20 m³ of precipitation and loses 2 m³ of water through natural movement. If the water budget mus
be balanced, how much water can be pumped from the aquifer?
O 22 m³
O 36 m³
O 18 m³
20 m³
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Answers
From the aquifer, 18 m3 of water may be pumped.
What distinctions exist between the water budgets of the local area and the entire planet?Because the total amount of precipitation, evapotranspiration, and runoff are equal, the water budget of the entire planet is balanced. Local water budgets, also known as water use budgets, are typically unbalanced for a certain area.
How does surface water become groundwater and travel below it?The naturally occurring water cycle includes groundwater (check out our interactive water cycle diagram). The precipitation that falls on the ground penetrates the subsoil to some extent. The portion of groundwater recharge that travels deeper into the soil until it reaches saturated rock material is the last to do so.
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what is the real gas pressure exerted by 1.00 mol of o2 at 300. k in 2.41 l if the ideal pressure is 10.0 atm?
Answers
the real gas pressure for above question was 91.4atm
what is van der waals equatio?
The Van der Waals equation (or Van der Waals equation of state) is an equation of state used in chemistry and thermodynamics that extends the ideal gas law to take into account the effects of interactions between molecules in a gas as well as accounting for the finite size of the molecules.
The ideal gas law views gas molecules as point particles that interact only with their surroundings and not with one another, which means that when they collide, they do not occupy any space or change their kinetic energy.
The volume V occupied by n moles of any gas has a pressure P at a temperature T determined by the following relationship, according to the ideal gas law, where R is the gas constant:
PV=nRT
(pxn2a/v2) (v-nb)=nRt
p 10x1.36/2.41x2.41-10x0.0318
p 13.6/2.41x2.092
nRt=p2.69
10x0.08206x300/2.69
=91.4atm
therefore the real gas pressure =91.4atm
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(NEED HELP ASAP) Which statement is true about the particles of a solid when the solid changes into a liquid?
-They stop vibrating.
-Their kinetic energy increases.
-They move closer to each other.
-The attractive force between them increases.
Answers
When a solid changes into a liquid, the particles of the solid move farther apart and gain kinetic energy. Therefore, the statement that is true about the particles of a solid when the solid changes into a liquid is: their kinetic energy increases.
What is Kinetic Energy?
It is a scalar quantity and is dependent on the mass and velocity of an object. The formula for kinetic energy is:
Kinetic energy = (1/2) * mass * velocity^2
In a solid, the particles are tightly packed and vibrate in a fixed position. When the solid is heated or the pressure is reduced, the kinetic energy of the particles increases and they begin to vibrate faster and move slightly away from their fixed positions. This causes the solid to start melting and the particles begin to slide over each other, forming a liquid. Therefore, the particles of the solid move apart and gain kinetic energy when the solid changes into a liquid.
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A calculation based upon _______is only as accurate as the device used for measurement.
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What is the molarity of a solution made by dissolving .75mol of NaCl in 3.0L of solution?
Answers
What is the apparent relationship between density and hardeness
Answers
Since hardness measurement involves only surface of the material, bulk density of the material does not have any explicit relation with the hardness. Materials are usually subjected to microstructural and/or chemical changes in the surface by carbiding, nitriding and other processes, many times by cold working.
The structure of the surface of the material is almost always different from the structure inside the bulk, it would be a very complicated and complex relationship, if anyone ever tries to establish it and may not prove that beneficial also
Mass = 35g Volume = 7cm³ What is the Density?
Answers
Answer:
The answer is
5.0 g/cm³Explanation:
The density of a substance can be found by using the formula
\(density = \frac{mass}{volume} \\ \)
From the question
mass = 35 g
volume = 7 cm³
The density is
\(density = \frac{35}{7} \\ \)
We have the final answer as
5.0 g/cm³Hope this helps you
How much of a 0.230 g radioactive sample with a half-life of 8 hours would remain after a period of 2.50 days?
Answers
The amount of radioactive sample after 2.5 days is 0.00127 g.
What is half-life?Half-life is the time require for half the sample of a radioactive material to decay
To calculate the amount of radioactive sample left after 2.5 days, we use the formula below.
Formula:
R' = R/\(2^{t/n}\)................... Equation 1⇒ Where:
R' = Amount of radioactive sample leftR = Original amount of samplet = Total timen = Half-lifeFrom the question,
⇒ Given:
R = 0.230 gt = 2.5 days = (2.5×24) hours = 60 hoursn = 8 hoursSubstitute these values into equation 1
R' = 0.230/(\(2^{60/8}\))R' = 0.230/\(2^{7.5}\)R' = 0.230/181.02R' = 0.00127 g.Hence. the amount of radioactive sample after 2.5 days is 0.00127 g.
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be sure to answer all parts. for the reaction4a(g) 3b(g) → 2c(g) the following data were obtained at constant temperature: experiment initial [a] (mol/l) initial [b] (mol/l) initial rate(mol/l·min) 1 0.100 0.100 5 2 0.300 0.100 45 3 0.100 0.200 10 4 0.300 0.200 90 determine the reaction order with respect to each reactant. reaction order for a: reaction order for b:
Answers
The reaction order with respect to reactant A (a) is 1, and the reaction order with respect to reactant B (b) is 2.
To determine the reaction order with respect to each reactant, we can use the method of initial rates. The reaction order is determined by analyzing how changes in the initial concentration of a reactant affect the initial rate of the reaction.
First, let's consider the reaction order with respect to reactant A (a). We can compare experiments 1 and 3, where the initial concentration of A is changed while keeping the initial concentration of B constant. In experiment 1, [A] is halved from 0.100 to 0.050, and the rate changes from 5 to 2. In experiment 3, [A] is kept constant at 0.100, and the rate remains at 10. Since halving the concentration of A reduces the rate by a factor of 2, the reaction order with respect to A is 1.
Next, let's determine the reaction order with respect to reactant B (b). We can compare experiments 1 and 2, where the initial concentration of B is changed while keeping the initial concentration of A constant. In experiment 1, [B] is kept constant at 0.100, and the rate remains at 5. In experiment 2, [B] is doubled from 0.100 to 0.200, and the rate changes from 5 to 45. Doubling the concentration of B increases the rate by a factor of 9 (45/5). Therefore, the reaction order with respect to B is 2.
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21. write lewis structures for nf3 and pf5. on the basis of hybrid orbitals, explain the fact that nf3, pf3, and pf5 are stable molecules, but nf5 does not exist.
Answers
NF3 and PF5 both have a central atom surrounded by three and five fluorine atoms, respectively. The Lewis structures for these molecules show that each fluorine atom is bonded to the central atom through a single bond.
The nitrogen and phosphorus atoms have lone pairs that occupy their respective orbitals. Hybridization of the central atoms in these molecules explains their stability. Nitrogen and phosphorus in these molecules adopt sp3 and sp3d hybridization, respectively, which allows for the formation of stable molecular geometries. However, NF5 does not exist due to its inability to adopt a stable molecular geometry with the hybrid orbitals available to nitrogen. This inability results in repulsive interactions between the lone pairs, making NF5 an unstable molecule.
NF3 and PF5 are stable molecules due to their hybrid orbitals. In NF3, nitrogen (N) forms three single bonds with fluorine (F) atoms, utilizing its sp3 hybrid orbitals. The Lewis structure for NF3 shows a lone pair of electrons on nitrogen, creating a trigonal pyramidal shape.
PF5 has a phosphorus (P) atom bonded to five fluorine atoms, utilizing its d3sp3 hybrid orbitals. The Lewis structure for PF5 exhibits a trigonal bipyramidal molecular geometry.
NF3, PF3, and PF5 are stable because they obey the octet rule, and their central atoms have complete electron configurations. However, NF5 doesn't exist because nitrogen's limited valence electron availability (5 valence electrons) makes it incapable of forming five covalent bonds without violating the octet rule, rendering NF5 unstable.
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how should you remove a liquid chemical from a large bottle or container? a. pour the liquid directly into the reaction vial or flask without measuring the amount. b. haphazardly pour the liquid into a graduated cylinder for direct measurement. c. carefully pour a small amount of the liquid from the bottle into a beaker and then measure the necessary amount from the smaller container. d. use a small pipet to draw up the liquid
Answers
Option c, The correct method of removing a liquid chemical from a large bottle or container is to carefully pour a small amount of the liquid from the bottle into a beaker and then measure the necessary amount from the smaller container. method is considered to be a safe way to transfer liquids from large bottles or containers.
Additionally, it helps to avoid accidents that may occur when measuring or handling large bottles of liquids. Here is the main answer to the question: Option c is the correct method of removing a liquid chemical from a large bottle or container. The correct procedure is to pour a small amount of the liquid from the bottle into a beaker and then measure the necessary amount from the smaller container. Pouring the liquid directly into the reaction vial or flask without measuring the amount or haphazardly pouring the liquid into a graduated cylinder for direct measurement are not safe methods of transferring liquids from large bottles or containers because they can cause spills, accidents, and wastes. To remove liquid chemicals from large bottles or containers, it is essential to follow a safe and accurate method of transfer. Pouring the liquid directly into a reaction vial or flask without measuring the amount is not recommended because it can lead to spills and contamination, which can affect the accuracy and reliability of the experiment. Similarly, haphazardly pouring the liquid into a graduated cylinder for direct measurement is not advisable because it can lead to inaccurate measurements and wastes. To ensure a safe and accurate transfer of liquid chemicals, it is best to use a small pipet or carefully pour a small amount of the liquid from the bottle into a beaker and then measure the necessary amount from the smaller container. Using a pipet allows you to transfer precise volumes of liquid, while pouring into a beaker first makes it easier to measure the correct amount of liquid. Both methods are safe and can help to prevent accidents and wastes, which are crucial in a laboratory environment.
The correct method of removing a liquid chemical from a large bottle or container is to carefully pour a small amount of the liquid from the bottle into a beaker and then measure the necessary amount from the smaller container. This method is safe and accurate and helps to prevent accidents and wastes.
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science pls help put them in order
Answers
Answer:
R
H
M
F
I
B
it is now in order
What adaptation does a tufted titmouse have that allows it to stay in a broadleaf forest year-round?
They eat mice for energy to warm themselves.
They fluff their feathers for warmth.
They hibernate for the winter.
They migrate for the winter.
Answers
Answer: They use their feathers
Explanation: They fluff their feathers for warmth I think so at least
Because I'm sure they stay in the forest and don't really hibernate
Answer:
They fluff there feathers for warmth
Explanation:
I did the test and got 100
LAST ATTEMPT PLS HELP!!!
What is the correct skeleton equation for the following reaction?
iron + oxygen --> iron(III) oxide
Fe +O—> FeO
Fe + O2 —> FeO2
Fe+ O2 —> Fe₂O₃
Fe + O —> Fe₂O₃
Answers
Fe +O2 =Fe2O3 is correct !
For the night yet balanced equation, No + CuCl2 —> Cu + NiCl3, if you started with 12.00 g of nickel and 42.00 g of CuCl2, how much Copper would you expect to produce Perdue
Answers
Answer:
19.45g of Cu are expect to be produced
Explanation:
Based on the reaction:
2Ni + 3CuCl2 → 3Cu + 2NiCl3
2 moles of Ni react with 3 moles of CuCl2 to produce 3 moles of Cu
To solve this question we must find the moles of each reactant in order to find the limiting reactant. With the limiting reactant we can find the moles of Cu produced and the mass as follows:
Moles Ni -Molar mass: 58.6934g/mol-
12.00g * (1mol / 58.6934g) = 0.204 moles Ni
Moles CuCl2 -Molar mass: 134.45g/mol-
42.00g * (1mol / 134.45g) = 0.312 moles CuCl2
For a complete reaction of 0.204 moles of Ni are required:
0.204 moles Ni * (3 moles CuCl2 / 2 moles Ni) = 0.306 moles of CuCl2
As there are 0.312 moles, CuCl2 is the excess reactant and Ni is limiting reactant.
Moles Cu:
0.204 moles Ni * (3moles Cu / 2 moles Ni) = 0.306 moles of Cu are produced
Mass Cu:
0.306 moles of Cu * (63.546g / mol) =
19.45g of Cu are expect to be producedUse the following information to answer numbers 20-22: Start with a 30M sucrose solution. Then you do a serial dilution by making 100 mL of a 1/10 dilution and repeat THREE more times. 20. Show the calculation for the first dilution. (1 pt) Answer: 21. Draw and label a diagram of the serial dilution with volumes and concentrations of the stock and dilution beakers. (2 pts) Answer: 22. Show your concentration calculations. (1 pt) Answer:
Answers
The concentrations for the second, third, and fourth dilutions would be 0.3M, 0.03M, and 0.003M, respectively.
In a serial dilution, a concentrated solution is successively diluted to obtain solutions with lower concentrations. In this case, starting with a 30M sucrose solution, a series of four 1/10 dilutions are performed. The first dilution involves making 100 mL of the 1/10 dilution. To answer question 20, the calculation for the first dilution needs to be shown. For question 21, a diagram of the serial dilution with labeled volumes and concentrations of the stock and dilution beakers needs to be drawn. Finally, for question 22, the concentration calculations for each dilution step need to be provided.
To calculate the first dilution, we need to determine the concentration of the resulting solution. Since it is a 1/10 dilution, the concentration would be 1/10 times the original concentration. Therefore, the concentration of the first dilution would be 30M / 10 = 3M.
For question 21, a diagram needs to be drawn to illustrate the serial dilution process. The diagram should include the stock solution with a volume of 30M, the first dilution beaker with a volume of 100 mL and a concentration of 3M, and labels indicating the volumes and concentrations at each step of the dilution process.
For question 22, the concentration calculations for each dilution step need to be provided. Starting with the first dilution at 3M, subsequent dilutions would be 1/10 of the previous concentration. Therefore, the concentrations for the second, third, and fourth dilutions would be 0.3M, 0.03M, and 0.003M, respectively.
Overall, these calculations and the diagram represent the process and concentrations involved in the serial dilution of the 30M sucrose solution.
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Based on the image below, what would an observer on the nighttime side of Earth observe? A total lunar eclipse A partial lunar eclipse A partial solar eclipse A Full Moon
Answers
Answer:
A Full Moon
Explanation:
If it is the same image I had it would be a full moon since there are no shadows on the moon. This means the moon gets full sunlight
) Consider the general reaction 5Br−(aq)+BrO3−(aq)+6H+(aq)→3Br2(aq)+3H2O(aq) For this reaction, the rate when expressed as Δ[Br2]/Δt is the same as A) −5Δ[Br−]/Δt B) −0.6Δ[Br−]/Δt C) 3Δ[BrO3−]/Δt D) −Δ[H2O]/Δt E) None of these choices are correct.
Answers
The correct choice is A) −5Δ[Br−]/Δt. The rate expressed as Δ[Br2]/Δt is proportional to -5 times the rate of change of Br−.
In the given reaction 5Br−(aq) + BrO3−(aq) + 6H+(aq) → 3Br2(aq) + 3H2O(aq), the stoichiometric coefficients provide information about the relationship between the reactants and products. To determine the rate expressed as Δ[Br2]/Δt, we need to compare it with the rate of change of the other species.
Based on the balanced equation, for every 5 moles of Br− consumed, 3 moles of Br2 are produced. Therefore, the rate of change of Br−, Δ[Br−]/Δt, is related to the rate of change of Br2, Δ[Br2]/Δt, by a factor of -5/3.
The other choices, B) −0.6Δ[Br−]/Δt, C) 3Δ[BrO3−]/Δt, and D) −Δ[H2O]/Δt, do not correspond to the correct relationship based on the stoichiometric coefficients of the reaction. Therefore, the correct answer is A) −5Δ[Br−]/Δt.
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Question 5
Natural disaster victims should be provided with how much water per day.
a. 1 to 3 gallons
b. 3 to 6 gallons
c. 6 to 9 gallons
d. water is not necessary for this population
Answers
Natural disaster victims should be provided with 1 to 3 gallons of water per day. So, the correct answer is option a.
Natural disaster victims should be provided with 1 to 3 gallons of water per day. This is because access to clean drinking water is essential for survival and can become limited or contaminated during natural disasters. While some populations may be able to survive without water for short periods of time, it is important to prioritize providing adequate water to disaster victims to prevent dehydration and related health issues. 1 to 3 litres of water should be given to victims of natural disasters each day. This is due to the fact that having access to clean drinking water is crucial for survival and that it may be scarce or tainted in the event of a natural disaster.
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uppose some solid calcium hydroxide is inadvertently transferred along with the saturated liquid for analysis. a) will more, less, or the same amount of hydrochloric acid be used for the analysis in part a? explain. b) how will the molar solubility be affected? explain. c) how will the solubility product constant k sp be affected? explain
Answers
The additional calcium hydroxide will react with some of the hydrochloric acid, leading to a higher consumption of the acid for the analysis.
If solid calcium hydroxide is inadvertently transferred along with the saturated liquid for analysis, the following effects can be expected:
a) More hydrochloric acid will be used for the analysis in part a. This is because calcium hydroxide reacts with hydrochloric acid to form calcium chloride and water according to the following equation:
Ca(OH)₂ + 2HCl → CaCl₂ + 2H₂O
b) The molar solubility of calcium chloride will decrease due to the additional calcium hydroxide. This is because calcium hydroxide reacts with calcium chloride in the solution to form calcium carbonate, which is insoluble in water:
CaCl₂ + Ca(OH)₂ → CaCO₃ + 2H₂O
As a result, more calcium carbonate will precipitate out of the solution, leading to a decrease in the molar solubility of calcium chloride.
c) The solubility product constant (Ksp) of calcium hydroxide will increase due to the additional solid. This is because the presence of more calcium hydroxide will increase the concentration of calcium and hydroxide ions in the solution, shifting the equilibrium towards the formation of more solid calcium hydroxide. This will increase the value of Ksp, indicating a higher degree of saturation of the solution with respect to calcium hydroxide.
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How many moles is 415 g Fe?
Answers
Answer:
7.4312 moles
Explanation:
No of mole = mass in gram / molar mass
No of moles = 415/55.845
7.4312 moles
Explain why the reaction of an alkyl halide with ammonia gives a low yield of primary amine. As soon as the primary amine is formed it yields only elimination product. As soon as the primary amine is formed, it can react with another molecule of alkyl halide. Primary amine is insoluble in ammonia, and therefore the reaction is slow. Alkyl halide yields only a quaternary ammonium salt.
Answers
When an alkyl halide is reacted with ammonia, the resulting yield of primary amine is low. This is due to several reasons.
Firstly, as soon as the primary amine is formed, it can undergo further reaction with another molecule of the alkyl halide to form a secondary or tertiary amine.
Secondly, primary amines are insoluble in ammonia, which leads to a slow reaction rate.
Thirdly, once the primary amine is formed, it tends to yield only the elimination product, which reduces the overall yield of the primary amine.
Lastly, the alkyl halide molecule itself tends to yield only a quaternary ammonium salt, which further decreases the yield of the primary amine.
Therefore, while the reaction of an alkyl halide with ammonia can yield primary amine, the yield is low due to various factors.
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As the color of the element becomes darker, the element is less metallic.” Do you agree or disagree with this statement, explain?
Answers
The element could be X is phosporus .
What is element?An element is the fundamental item that can't be easily broken onto smaller of pieces. In chemistry and physics, an elementary is a substance that can't be broken down by non-nuclear reactions. In computing and the mathematics, an element is the distinct piece of a larger system or set.
An ionic compound is formed to the ions, by which their charges replaced, so the compound Na₂X is formed by the ions Na⁺ and X⁻². So, X must gain two electrons to be stable at to by the octet, so it has six valence of the electrons. Because of it can accommodate by up to 12 electrons, the element is the expands the octet, do it must to be in the 3rd period or the higher.
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In Act V, scene ii of Romeo and Juliet, what role does Friar John play in the catastrophe?
He creates a quarantine, which impacts Romeo.
He secretly performs Romeo and Juliet's wedding.
He mistakenly tells Balthasar that Juliet is dead.
He fails to deliver an important letter to Romeo.
Answers
Answer:
I believe its the 4th one. He goes to give Romeo the message but before he is able to, Balthasar tells Romeo that Juliet is dead. Friar John just wasn't there in time.
Answer:
D) he fails to give Romeo an important letter
Explanation:
i took the test. edge 2020
what is the name of this organic compound?
Answers
The name of the organic compound is 2-methyl pentane. The given organic compound is a five-carbon system with a substitution at the C-2 carbon. The naming of an organic compound is done according to the rules given by IUPAC.
The given organic compound has 5 carbon in its main chain. So It has the root word Pent. Since, all the bonds are single bonds, the organic compound is saturated, hence it has the suffix -ane. Hence the unsubstituted straight chain is pentane.
Numbering is done from right to left, because when the numbering is from right to left, the substituted carbon gets C-2, when it is numbered from left to right, the substituted carbon gets C-4. So the numbering is from the right and the substituted carbon is C-2. The substituent is a single carbon system, a methyl substituent. So the organic compound is named 2-methyl pentane .
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give 10 ways on how to conserve energy
Answers
Answer:
Explanation:
Use energy-efficient appliances and light bulbs.
Unplug electronics when they're not in use.
Set your thermostat to a lower temperature in the winter and a higher temperature in the summer.
Seal air leaks around windows and doors.
Use a programmable thermostat to automatically adjust the temperature.
Wash clothes in cold water.
Use a clothesline or drying rack instead of a clothes dryer.
Turn off lights when leaving a room.
Plant trees or install shading devices to block the sun's heat.
Drive less and carpool or use public transportation more.
When an object collides with another object, the KE is converting to
Answers
Answer:
Potential Energy (PE), assuming KE means Kinetic Energy here.
Explanation:
The car has KE when it's in motion, but when it collides with an object, it is stopped, replacing the KE with PE since it is no longer in motion.
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Give the theoretical van't Hoff factor i for each of the following:(This is the i used in the calculation of osmolarity.)C12H22O11
Answers
Answer
The theoretical Van't Hoff factor i for C12H22O11 is 1
Explanation
The Van't Hoff factor, i, is the number of particles formed in a solution from one formula unit of solute.
The Van't Hoff factor, i, is a property of the solute. In an ideal solution, i does not depend on the concentration of the solution.
For a nonelectrolyte, like (C12H22O11), which does not separate into ions in solution, Van''t Hoff factor, i = 1 because 1 molecule of sucrose (C12H22O11) forms only one particle in solution.f
BJECTIVE TYPE QUESTIONS
Fill in the blank spaces by choosing the correct words from the words given in list.
List : composition, heat, chemical, photosynthesis, physical
1. Heating of zinc oxide is a
change.
2. Burning of coal is a
change.
3. There is a change in state and
during a chemical change.
4. Plants make their food by the process of
5.
energy is generally given out or absorbed during a chemical change
Answers
Answer:
1.Physical change
2. Chemical change
3. Heat
4.photosynthesis
5. composition
how much heat in kcal must be added to 0.50kg of water at room temperature (20c) to raise its temperature of 30c
Answers
To bring 0.50 kg of water from room temperature (20°C) to 30°C, 5 Kcal of heat must be applied.
We are aware that the mass, specific heat capacity, and temperature change of a substance are multiplied to provide the energy needed to raise its temperature. Q is calculated as follows:
m * Cp * delta (T)
Water has a Cp of 1 in Kcal/(kg*K) or Kcal/(kg*C).
Q = 0.5 * 1 * (30-20)
Q = 5 Kcal
(per unit Celsius and per unit Kelvin are interchangeable since one degree change in Celsius is equal to one degree change in Kelvin).
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