Calculate DG8 for each reaction using DG8f values:(c) NH₄Cl(s) → NH₃(g) + HCl(g)

Answer:

Increasing the temperature

Increasing particle size

Explanation:

Increasing the temperature allows for particles and molecules to move faster (because there is an increase in energy) and allows for more collisions.

∴ Increasing the temperature would be an answer.

Increasing the particle size allows for more surface area and a greater chance for particles to collide with each other.

∴ Increasing particle size would be an answer.

Topic: AP Chemistry

Unit: Kinetics

Answer:

The water (the substance) that passes through the filter paper is called the filtrate. If your mixture is a solution, such as salty water, then filtering will not separate the salt from the water. Instead, by heating the soluton the solvent (water) evaporates leaving the solid (salt) behind.

Explanation:

Answer:

hola no ablo inalgun moderador puede acabar a este otro este me borró respuesta que no debió borrar

The general equation for a double-displacement reaction is

A + BX ---> AX + B or AX + BY ---> AY + BX

Here, A and B represent two different chemical species (such as ions or molecules), and X and Y represent their respective chemical partners.

The positively charged species (A and B) exchange partners (X and Y) in a double displacement process to create new compounds (AX and BY). Because the positively charged species "switch" partners, this kind of reaction is often referred to as a "swap" reaction.

Double-displacement reactions include the following examples:

1. The transformation of silver nitrate (AgNO3) into sodium nitrate (NaNO3) by the reaction of sodium chloride (NaCl) and AgNO3:-

NaCl(aq) + AgNO3(aq) AgCl(s) + NaNO3(aq)

2. The transformation of barium chloride (BaCl2) into barium sulfate (BaSO4) and sodium chloride (NaCl) via the following equation:-

BaCl2(aq) + Na2SO4(aq) BaSO4(s) + 2NaCl(aq)

Depending on the chemical makeup of the reactants, not all double-displacement reactions are metathesis reactions, it is crucial to keep in mind.

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The mass number of the boron atom is the sum of the number of protons and neutrons, which is 5 + 11 = 16. Hence, the mass number of this atom of boron is 16.

Based on the given information, we can determine the mass number of the boron atom. The mass number is the sum of the number of protons and neutrons in the atom.

Since the boron atom is electrically neutral, it means that the number of electrons is equal to the number of protons. Therefore, we can assume that the boron atom has 5 protons since it is a boron atom.

To calculate the number of neutrons, we subtract the number of protons from the total number of particles, which is 16. Thus, the number of neutrons in the boron atom is 16 - 5 = 11.

Therefore, the mass number of the boron atom is the sum of the number of protons and neutrons, which is 5 + 11 = 16. Hence, the mass number of this atom of boron is 16.

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The equation will move so as to oppose the external stress when the temperature of this system decreased

Both forward and reverse reactions are taking place as a system approaches equilibrium. Both the forward and reverse reactions are progressing at the same rate at equilibrium. The quantity of each reactant and product remains constant once equilibrium is reached.

When there is no room for further change, we refer to a system as being in equilibrium. When we talk about change, one particular property is always in mind. The amount of change in this property is how we determine how much the system has changed.

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Answer:

A. Some of the broken tablet was not added to the water.

B. The tablet was not crushed enough to make a substantial difference.

D. The tablets were not uniform in their mass.

(Photo for proof below.)

Explanation:

All of these things affect the reaction rate of the tablet. Not adding all of the broken tablet will likely slow down the reaction rate. Not crushing the tablet enough may also affect the reaction rate because of surface area. Crushing the tablet more will increase its surface area, since more surface of the tablet is created. This will increase the reaction rate because more exposed area will react with the combined substance. Tablets not being having the same mass may speed up or slow down the reaction rate, depending on whether the tablet is bigger or smaller, since there is more or less of the tablet to dissolve.

Incase you're doubtful of my answers. Here's proof it's on Edge.

The possible sources of the error obtained in the results of different students are ; Some of the broken tablet was not added to the water, The tablet was not crushed enough to make a substantial difference, The tablets were not uniform in their mass.Hence The correct options are (A), (B) and (D)

(Image for correct answer is attached with the answer for reference)

Experimental error is the difference between a measured value and its true value. In other words, it is the inaccuracy or inaccuracies that stop us from seeing an absolutely correct measurement.

Experimental error is very common and is to some degree inherent in every measurement.

Therefore, The possible sources of the error obtained in the results of different students are ; Some of the broken tablet was not added to the water, The tablet was not crushed enough to make a substantial difference, The tablets were not uniform in their mass.Hence The correct options are (A), (B) and (D)

(Image for correct answer is attached with the answer for reference)

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The number of atoms of 3.0 moles of the particle is  1.807 x 10²⁴ atoms K.

Avogadro's number, which is approximately 6.02 x 10^23 atoms per mole, is used to convert between the number of moles of a substance and the number of atoms (or molecules) in that substance.

Given that you have 3.0 moles of K (potassium), you can use Avogadro's number to calculate the number of atoms in 3.0 moles of K:

3.0 moles K x 6.02 x 10^23 atoms K/mole = 1.807 x 10²⁴ atoms K

So, the correct answer is 1.807 x 10²⁴ atoms K

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Answer:

Explanation:

its B 1mole

Answer:

The highest energy level in which you would find electrons in a ground state chlorine atom is the third energy level.

Explanation:

The highest energy level in which you would find electrons in a ground state chlorine atom is the third energy level.

Answer:

Mendeleev left some gaps in his periodic table because he believed that in future more elements will be discovered.

Explanation:

"Mendeleev left gaps in his table to place elements not known at the time. By looking at the chemical properties and physical properties of the elements next to a gap, he could also predict the properties of these undiscovered elements."

Answer:

\(5850\ \text{cal}\)

Explanation:

m = Mass of water = 4500 g

c = Specific heat of water = \(1\ \text{cal/g}^{\circ}\text{C}\)

\(\Delta T\) = Change in temperature of water = \(1.3^{\circ}\text{C}\)

Heat is given by

\(q=mc\Delta T\\\Rightarrow q=4500\times 1\times 1.3\\\Rightarrow q=5850\ \text{cal}\)

A slice of the bread contains \(5850\ \text{cal}\).

Answer:

A

Explanation:

the particles in space to be able to move their has to be temperature

Kidney in our body functions as a sieve in to remove wastes. Ureter, bladder and kidney as well are part of excretory system in animals. Hence, option J.

Human body contains a group of organ systems to perform specific functions. Excretory system is an organ system for the excretion or removal of wastes after digestion form the body.

The main component of excretory system is kidney by which the wastes from the circulatory system is removed through urine. Ureter and bladder are extensions of kidney. After absorption of water and other nutrients remaining uric acid or urine is stored in the bladder to remove.

Kidney contains a number of sieve like structures called nephrons they are the filtering units of kidney.Nephrons are microscopic structural units of kidney by which wastes are filtered to produce urine and remove.

Therefore, all the given organs, kidney, ureter, bladder etc are part of excretory system and they plays a role in removing wastes from the body. Hence, option J is correct.

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The false statement about the neuromuscular junction acetylcholine (ACh) receptor is c. The opening of the ACh receptor is all-or-none.

The degree to which the ACh receptor opens is dependent on both the amount of neuromuscular junction acetylcholine (ACh) present and the level of receptor activation; it is not an all-or-nothing response. The channel opens when ACh binds to the receptor, causing a conformational shift that permits ion flow.

The following claims are accurate:

ACh concentration affects whether an ACh channel will open, with a larger ACh concentration increasing the likelihood that the channel will open and ion flow.

The net ionic currents through all activated ACh receptors add up to make up the synaptic current, which is defined as the sum of all such currents.

Membrane voltage impacts the likelihood that an ACh channel will open: Membrane voltage has an impact on the likelihood that an ACh channel will open. In general, hyperpolarization lowers and depolarization enhances the likelihood of a channel opening.

The patch clamp method allows for the measurement of the current flowing through a single receptor, including ACh receptors. This method sheds light on the characteristics and functions of individual ion channels, including ACh receptors.

As a result, c is the erroneous assertion. All or none of the ACh receptor's opening occurs.

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Answer:

group 5

Explanation:

the element with 15 protons is phosphorus. phosphorus is in the 5th group on the periodic table of elements

Answer:

1. V2.

2. 299K.

3. 451K

4. 0.25 x 451 = V2 x 299

Explanation:

1. The data obtained from the question include:

Initial volume (V1) = 0.25mL

Initial temperature (T1) = 26°C

Final temperature (T2) = 178°C

Final volume (V2) =.?

2. Conversion from celsius to Kelvin temperature.

T(K) = T (°C) + 273

Initial temperature (T1) = 26°C

Initial temperature (T1) = 26°C + 273 = 299K

3. Conversion from celsius to Kelvin temperature.

T(K) = T (°C) + 273

Final temperature (T2) = 178°C

Final temperature (T1) = 178°C + 273 = 451K

4. Initial volume (V1) = 0.25mL

Initial temperature (T1) = 299K

Final temperature (T2) = 451K

Final volume (V2) =.?

V1 x T2 = V2 x T1

0.25 x 451 = V2 x 299

Answer:

Approximately \(7.25\).

Explanation:

If the concentration of \({\rm H^{+}}\) ions in a solution is \(x\; {\rm M}\), the \({\rm pH}\) of that solution would be \((-\log_{10}(x))\).

Note that the base of the logarithm in this calculation should \(10\). One way to be sure is to state the base explicitly. Using the change of base rule of logarithms:

\(\begin{aligned}-\log_{10}(x) = -\frac{\ln(x)}{\ln(10)}\end{aligned}\).

In this question, it is implied that the concentration of \({\rm H^{+}}\) in the given solution is \(5.6 \times 10^{-8}\; {\rm M}\), such that \(x = 5.6 \times 10^{-8}\). Using the equations above:

\(\begin{aligned}& \text{pH of this solution} \\ =\; & -\log_{10}(x) \\ =\; & -\frac{\ln(x)}{\ln(10)} \\ =\; & -\frac{\ln(5.6 \times 10^{-8})}{\ln(10)} \\ \approx\; & 7.25\end{aligned}\).

Answer:

300cm³

Explanation:

volume=l×b×h

4cm×15cm×5cm

=300cm³

The molecular formula if the molar mass is 92 g/mol if the empirical formula is nitrogen dioxide then the molecular formula is N₂O₄.

An empirical formula is a simple expression of the relative numbers of atoms of each element present in a compound. It is typically written as a chemical formula in the form of a whole number ratio, such as CH2O for glucose, denoting that there are two atoms of hydrogen for every one atom of carbon and one atom of oxygen. Empirical formulas are not the same as true chemical formulas, which also list the arrangement of atoms in a compound.

Molecular formula = (empirical formula) × \(\frac{molar mass}{empirical formula mass}\)

Empirical formula for nitrogen dioxide is NO₂

Empirical formula mass = 2×(16)+32 = 64

Molecular Formula = NO₂ x (\(\frac{92}{64}\)) = NO₂ x 1.4375 = \(N_1_._4_3_7_5O_2_._8_7_5\)

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A. AgBr = Ag+(aq) + Br(aq) (s)

B. H+(aq), OH(aq), and water (l)

C. NH4Cl + NH4+(aq) + Cl(aq) (s)

For the processes that take place when the two provided aqueous solutions are combined, we want to develop the balanced net ionic equations.

a chemical equation that just includes the ions going through chemical changes during the reaction.

A. Magnesium bromide, MgBr2, and silver nitrate, AgNO3.

AgBr = Ag+(aq) + Br(aq) (s)

Because they are spectator ions, NO3 and Mg2+ are excluded from the net ionic equation.

B. potassium hydroxide, KOH, and perchloric acid, HClO4. H+(aq) + OH(aq) H2O (l)

Because they are spectator ions, ClO4 and K+ are excluded from the net ionic equation.

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Ground meat and foods containing ground meat must be cooked to an internal temperature of 160 degrees F of temperature.

Temperature is the amount of heat that is provided by some source or can be released by something which can be measured in temperature.

The Ground meat must be cooked to an internal temperature of 160 degrees because it can contain some amount of impurities inside it.

Therefore, 160 degrees F the temperature needed for foods containing ground meat must be cooked to an internal temperature.

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Answer:

Calcium and magnesium sulphide react to form calcium sulphide and magnesium metal.

Explanation:

Ca + MgS → CaS + Mg

The reaction between calcium and magnesium sulfide produces calcium sulfide and magnesium metal. The balanced equation can be given as Ca + MgS → CaS + Mg.

An equation for just a chemical reaction is said to be balanced if both the reactants as well as the products have the same number of atoms and total charge for each component of the reaction. In other words, both side of the reaction have an equal balance of mass and charge.

Conservation of charge as well as mass, equation and reaction balance, etc. The components and outcomes of a chemical reaction are listed in an imbalanced chemical equation, but the amounts necessary to meet the conservation of mass are not specified. The reaction between calcium and magnesium sulfide produces calcium sulfide and magnesium metal. The balanced equation can be given as Ca + MgS → CaS + Mg.

Therefore, the balanced equation can be given as Ca + MgS → CaS + Mg.

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Answer:

this is not the full question

\(\\ \rm\Rrightarrow pH=-log[H^+]\)

\(\\ \rm\Rrightarrow pH=-log[2.5\times 10^{-6}]\)

\(\\ \rm\Rrightarrow pH=-log2.5-log10^{-6}\)

\(\\ \rm\Rrightarrow pH=-0.398+6\)

\(\\ \rm\Rrightarrow pH=5.602\)

The ΔHf° (heat of formation) for acetic acid is approximately -1119.29 kJ/mole.

To find the ΔHf° (heat of formation) for acetic acid (HC₂H₃O₂), use Hess's Law and the given thermochemical data.

The given equation for the combustion of acetic acid is:

HC₂H₃O₂(l) + 2O₂(g) → 2CO₂(g) + 2H₂O(l) ΔH = -875 kJ/mole

The formation of carbon dioxide (CO₂):

C(s) + O₂(g) → CO₂(g) ΔH = -394.51 kJ/mole

The formation of water (H₂O):

H₂(g) + 1/2O₂(g) → H₂O(l) ΔH = -285.8 kJ/mole

Now, rearrange these reactions to obtain the formation reaction for acetic acid:

HC₂H₃O₂(l) = C(s) + 2H₂(g) + 1/2O₂(g)

Adding the enthalpy changes of the individual reactions:

ΔHf° (acetic acid) = ΣΔHf° (products) - ΣΔHf° (reactants)

ΔHf° (acetic acid) = [2ΔHf° (CO₂)] + [2ΔHf° (H₂O)] - [ΔHf° (C)] - [ΔHf° (H₂)] - [1/2ΔHf° (O₂)]

Substituting the values from the given thermochemical data:

ΔHf° (acetic acid) = [2(-394.51 kJ/mole)] + [2(-285.8 kJ/mole)] - [0 kJ/mole] - [0 kJ/mole] - [1/2(-875 kJ/mole)]

Calculating the expression:

ΔHf° (acetic acid) ≈ -1119.29 kJ/mole

Therefore, the ΔHf° (heat of formation) for acetic acid is approximately -1119.29 kJ/mole.

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To determine the molar mass of the gas, we can use Graham's law of effusion, which states that the rate of effusion of a gas is inversely proportional to the square root of its molar mass. The molar mass of the unknown gas is 2.47 g/mol.

To determine the molar mass of the gas, we can use Graham's Law of Effusion which states that the rate of effusion of two gases is inversely proportional to the square root of their molar masses. Let the molar mass of the unknown gas be M, and the effusion time of O2 be tO2. Then, according to Graham's law:
(M/O2) = (tO2/tUnknown)^2
We are given that tUnknown = 3.60 tO2, so we can substitute that in and solve for M:
M = O2 x (tUnknown/tO2)^2
M = 32 g/mol x (3.60)^2
M = 414 g/mol
Therefore, the molar mass of the gas is 414 g/mol, and we can write the answer in decimal notation to three significant figures as 414.

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Answer:

The answer is "670.176 km".

Explanation:

Volume of the occupies of one  M & M= 0.5 \ cm^3\\\\

M&M 1 mole\(= 6.02 \times 10^{23}\\\\\)

Calculating volume of M& M mole\(= 0.5 \ cm^3 \times 6.02 \times 10^{23}=3.01 \times 10^{23}\ cm^3\\\\\)

Calculating the cube mole\(L^3= 3.01 \times 10^{23}\ cm^3\\\\\)

\(L=6.70176 \times 10^{7}\ cm\\\\\)

   \(=6.70176 \times 10^{7}\ cm \times \frac{1\ m}{100\ cm}\\\\=670176\ m\\\\=670.176 \ km\)

Therefore 18 tractor trailers wouldn't be sufficient.

Beryllium with 2 valence electrons would be able to pair with Se with 6 valence electrons. Option D.

Atoms form bonds with one another based on the number of valence electrons present in their outermost shell. Electrons are either donated, received, or paired.

In order for bonds to form, the participating atoms try to assume an octet structure, In other words, each atom tries to have a completely filled outermost shell. Thus, atoms with only a few electrons in their outermost shells readily donate them while those with just a few electrons remaining to fill up their outermost shell readily accept them.

Be has 2 outermost electrons, Se has 6. Be will readily donate the 2 outermost electrons while Se will readily accept 2 electrons for completely filled shell.

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Curies discovered Radium and Polonium.She took 4 years to get sample of radium.Marie think the radium sample glowed because Atoms in certain elements can break apart and release energy.

The mineral has a pitch-black hue. German miners gave it the name "blende" because they thought it had several different metals mixed together. Radium, lead, helium, and a number of actinide elements are only a few of the radioactive substances found in pitchblende that can be linked to the decay of uranium.

As part of their investigation into pitchblende in 1898, the Curies discovered the elements polonium and radium.

In honor of Pierre, who sadly perished in a Paris street accident in 1906 at the age of only 46, the radioactivity unit was finally given the name "curie." The Curie family amassed an astounding number of Nobel Prizes as a result of Marie's continued labor. Together with Henri Becquerel, Pierre and Marie shared the physics award in 1903. In 1911, Marie won the chemistry Nobel Prize all by herself. Their daughter Irène married the French physicist Frederic Joliot, and she and her husband shared the 1935 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for discovering how to intentionally create radioactivity in a lab. Marie Curie passed away from radiation-induced leukemia at the age of 66 the previous year.

Marie think the radium sample glowed because Atoms in certain elements can break apart and release energy.

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