Bailey got sick and heard that he should gargle salt water to help his throat. He adds 25g of salt(NaCl) to a cup with 250mL of water(H2O). What is the concentration of this salt water in mol/L? Sodium has atomic mass 22. 99g/mol and chlorine has atomic mass 35. 45g/mol

In a 50 mM Phosphate buffer solution at a pH of 4.5, the phosphate molecules are expected to exist in their ionized forms, primarily as dihydrogen phosphate ions (H\(_{2}\)PO\(_{4}\)-) and hydrogen phosphate ions (HPO\(_{42}\)-).

At a pH of 4.5, the solution is slightly acidic. In an acidic environment, the phosphate buffer system maintains its pH by the equilibrium between the dihydrogen phosphate and hydrogen phosphate species. The dihydrogen phosphate ion acts as a weak acid, donating a proton (H+) to water to form a hydronium ion (H\(_{3}\)O+). This reaction can be represented as follows:

H\(_{2}\)PO\(_{4}\)-- + H\(_{2}\)O ↔ H\(_{3}\)O+ + HPO\(_{42}\)-

The hydrogen phosphate ion acts as a weak base, accepting a proton from water to form hydroxide ions (OH-). This reaction can be represented as follows:

HPO\(_{42}\)- + H\(_{2}\)O ↔ OH- + H\(_{2}\)PO-

The equilibrium between these two species allows the phosphate buffer system to resist changes in pH when small amounts of acid or base are added to the solution.

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The question is incomplete, the complete question is;

A pool owner adds a compound containing chlorine to the pool to disinfect it. However, too much of the compound is added. As a result, the water becomes too acidic. What could the pool owner do to reduce the acidity of the pool?

He could add another acid to the pool to compete with the existing acid.

He could add a metal salt to the pool to precipitate the acid.

He could add a base to the pool to neutralize the acid.

Answer:

He could add a base to the pool to neutralize the acid.

Explanation:

The reaction between an acid and a base is called a neutralization reaction. A neutralization reaction is defined as a reaction between an acid and a base leading to the formation of salt and water only.

If the owner of the pool discovers that the pool has become too acidic, all that needs to be done is to introduce a base into the pool that will neutralize the acid according to the reaction;

Acid + base ------> salt + water

Answer:

erm-- how do i answer this question xd

Explanation:

Gaining of an electron is most exothermic for Fluorine.

N2(g)+O2(g)→2NO(g) is an endothermic response because heat is absorbed on this reaction. all of the other reactions are exothermic as the warmth is launched for the duration of the method.

Any manner that absorbs warmness from its environment is an endothermic system. consequently, all endothermic reactions are endothermic strategies. An endothermic reaction is any chemical response that absorbs warmth from its surroundings. The absorbed electricity provides the activation electricity for the reaction to arise.

Fluorine is important for the manufacturing of nuclear material for nuclear power vegetation and for the insulation of electrical towers. Hydrogen fluoride, a compound of fluorine, is used to etch glass. Fluorine, like Teflon, is used to make plastics and is also essential in dental fitness.

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When silver nitrate and sodium chloride are combined with water, silver chloride will solidify and precipitate out of solution. In this instance, silver chloride is the precipitate.

Precipitation includes the following: rain, hail, sleet, and snow. Rain forms when water vapour in clouds condenses on dust particles, which eventually grow too big to stay in the cloud and fall to the ground, where they collect more water and enlarge further.

The chemical reaction between potassium chloride and silver nitrate, in which solid silver chloride precipitated out, is among the greatest examples of precipitation reactions. This precipitation reaction resulted in the formation of an insoluble salt.

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Answer:

oxygen molecule has two oxygen atom . Each O atom share 2 electrons to form two covalent bonds out of which one is sigma bond and other is pi bond . sigma bond is formed by axial overlap 2p atomic orbitals of oxygen and pi bond is formed of lateral overlap of 2p atomic orbitals of oxygen .

Answer:

d. The electron-pair geometry is tetrahedral, the molecular geometry is tetrahedral.

Explanation:

According to Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion Theory, the shape of a molecule depends on the number of electrons pairs surrounding the valence shell of the central atom in the molecule.

In CH3Cl, the central atom is carbon. Carbon has four regions of electron density surrounding it and no lone pairs. Lone pairs cause molecules to deviate from the expected geometry.

Since CH3Cl has no lone pairs on the carbon central atom, both the molecular and electron pair geometries are tetrahedral.

In CH₃Cl, the electron-pair geometry is trigonal-planar, and the molecular geometry is bent. Therefore, option C is correct.

According to VSEPR (Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion) theory, the electron pairs around the central atom in CH₃Cl will arrange themselves to minimize repulsion, resulting in a specific geometry.

In CH₃Cl, the central atom is carbon (C), and it is surrounded by three hydrogen atoms (H) and one chlorine atom (Cl).

The electron-pair geometry is determined by the arrangement of these electron pairs.

Molecular geometry considers only the atoms around the central atom, not the lone pairs.

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Answer:

2

Explanation:

The compounds ranked based on their relative Bronsted acidities from strongest to weakest are as follows:

1. H-I (Hydrogen iodide)

2. H-CH3 (Methyl radical)

3. H-OH (Hydroxide ion)

4. H-NH2 (Ammonia)

5. H-F (Hydrogen fluoride)

Bronsted acidities can be determined by analyzing the stability of the corresponding conjugate bases. A stronger acid will have a more stable conjugate base. Here is the explanation for the ranking:

1. H-I: Hydrogen iodide (HI) is a strong acid because iodide ion (I-) is a stable conjugate base. Iodide ion is large and can effectively disperse negative charge, leading to stability.

2. H-CH3: Methyl radical (CH3) is weaker than HI but stronger than the remaining compounds. It is a stable radical and has resonance structures that stabilize its conjugate base.

3. H-OH: Hydroxide ion (OH-) is less acidic than HI and CH3. It forms a stable conjugate base, but it is not as stable as iodide ion or the methyl radical.

4. H-NH2: Ammonia (NH3) is weaker than the previous compounds. The lone pair on the nitrogen atom can be donated to accept a proton, making NH2- a relatively unstable conjugate base.

5. H-F: Hydrogen fluoride (HF) is the weakest acid among the given compounds. The fluoride ion (F-) is a relatively strong base, and its conjugate acid, HF, is a weaker acid compared to the others.

The ranking of the given compounds based on their relative Bronsted acidities, from strongest to weakest, is H-I, H-CH3, H-OH, H-NH2, and H-F. This ranking is determined by analyzing the stability of their respective conjugate bases, with stronger acids having more stable conjugate bases.

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Answer:

water is not a solid and a rock is a solid

Answer:

C (top to bottom) or the 3rd one

Explanation:

Given the equation :

CH3OH +Cl2 →← 2 CH3CL + 2OH ^-1

at equilibrium concentration, we have:

(1.5 -2x )/ 5L + (1.0 -x )/5L =2x /5L + 2x /5L

→ (1.5-2x+ 1 -x )/ 5L = 4x /5L

→(0.5 -3x)/5L = 4x/5L (5L in the Left hand side cancels 5L inthe right hand side)

→ 0.5 = 4x +3x

0.5 = 7x

x = 0.5/7

x = 0.071

( Extra note : Now lets test and see if this balances ):

LHS : (1.5 -2x )/ 5L + (1.0 -x )/5L = 0.5 -3x)/5L

= 0.5 - 3(0.071)/5

= 0.287 /5 = 0.05

RHS :4(x) /5 = 4(0.071) /5

= 0.28/5 = 0.05

at equlibrium , LHS = RHS therefore our x value is 0.07

Rain freezing is a condition of "exothermic" process. The freezing rain emits thermal energy, which is then transmitted to the earth. The earth will receive thermal energy if the rain loses thermal energy. As a result, the ground's temperature rises.

Due to the salt in saltwater, it freezes at a lower temperature than fresh water, approximately 28.4 degrees Fahrenheit (ca. -2 °C). However, because only the water portion of saltwater freezes, very little salt is present in the ice when it is formed. Water may be made from it by melting it down.

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Answer:

P = 200/5 = 40 Pa.

If this helped hit the heart. Have a nice day :-)

Answer: Elements found in group 1 (Alkaline Metals)

Explanation: Any element found in group 1, such as Lithium, Sodium, Caesium, or Francium, have similar properties as potassium. Atoms that are found in the same group on the periodic table have similar chemical properties.

Answer:

The body stores lipids ingested as fat and uses this energy when needed-chemical energy

A person's hat falls off and lands on the ground- gravitational energy

A wave of water pushes a surfer to shore- mechanical energy

A burner on a stove heats up a tea kettle- thermal energy

A power plant splits atoms to generate power for a city- nuclear energy

A nerve sends an impulse to another nerve- electrical energy

A plant absorbs the Sun's rays to start the process of photosynthesis- radiant energy

Explanation:

Gravitational energy is energy stored by an object as a consequence of its height.

Mechanical energy is the energy that is possessed by an object due to its motion or due to its position.

Chemical energy refers to energy stored in chemical bonds in a substance.

Thermal energy is a form of energy that exists due to temperature difference between two bodies.

Nuclear energy refers to energy stored in the nucleus of an atom.

Electrical energy is a form of energy resulting from the flow of electric charge.

Radiant energy refers to energy that moves through vacuum without passing through a material medium.

The mole is the si unit that expresses the amount of substance

It provides a specific measure of the number of atoms or molecules in a bulk sample of matter. A mole is defined as the amount of substance containing the same number of discrete entities (atoms, molecules, ions) as the number of atoms in a sample of pure 12C weighing exactly 12 g

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On a dry day, your hair flies apart when you brush it due to static electricity. Static electricity is produced by rubbing two materials together, such as when you brush your hair. The rubbing causes electrons to transfer from one material to another, creating an imbalance of electric charges.

Some materials, such as your hair, tend to hold onto their electrons more than others, causing them to become negatively charged. When you brush your hair, the negatively charged strands repel each other, causing them to fly apart. This effect is most pronounced on dry days when the air is less humid, as dry air allows charges to build up more easily.

Humid air, on the other hand, can help to dissipate static charges, reducing the amount of flyaway hair. Static electricity can also cause your hair to stick to other objects, such as clothing or hats. To prevent this, you can use an anti-static spray or conditioner, which helps to neutralize the charges that cause static electricity.

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A strong covalent bond between amino acids that functions in maintaining a polypeptide's specific three-dimensional shape is a disulfide bond.

Disulfide bonds are covalent bonds formed between the sulfur atoms of two cysteine residues in a polypeptide chain. These bonds play a crucial role in stabilizing the tertiary structure of proteins by holding specific regions together. Cysteine is an amino acid with a unique property; it contains a sulfur atom within its side chain. When two cysteine residues come close to each other in the protein's three-dimensional structure, the sulfur atoms can undergo oxidation, resulting in the formation of a covalent disulfide bond (S-S bond). This bond is relatively strong and can withstand the harsh conditions within the cell, contributing to the protein's stability.

Disulfide bonds are essential for maintaining the proper folding and structural integrity of many proteins. They help stabilize the protein's tertiary structure by forming bridges between distant parts of the polypeptide chain. These bonds are particularly important in proteins secreted outside the cell or proteins that are exposed to the extracellular environment, as they provide resistance against denaturation and proteolytic degradation.

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The total bond energy of the reactants and products must be subtracted to obtain the energy change in the reaction \(2H_2O --- > 2H_2 + O_2\) using the provided bond energy.

Reactants:

2H-O-H (2 molecules) = 2 * (2 * O-H) = 2 * (2 * 463 kJ/mol) = 1852 kJ/mol

Products:

2H-H (2 molecules) = 2 * (2 * H-H) = 2 * (2 * 436 kJ/mol) = 1744 kJ/mol

O=O = 1 * O=O = 1 * 495 kJ/mol = 495 kJ/mol

1852 kJ/mol is the total binding energy of the reactants.

The combined binding energy of the products is 1744 kJ/mol + 495 kJ/mol, which is equal to 2239 kJ/mol.

Energy change (ΔE) = Total bond energy of the products - Total bond energy of the reactants

ΔE = 2239 kJ/mol - 1852 kJ/mol = 387 kJ/mol

So, the answer is E.

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Your question is incomplete, most probably the complete question is:

Calculate the energy change of the following reaction

based on the bond energies given.

2H2O2H2 + O2

H-H: 436kJ/mol

O=0: 495kJ/mol

O-H: 463kJ/mol

Select one:

Answer:

B Reaction happens in both directions.

Answer:

B. Reaction happens in both directions!

Explanation:

Dynamic equilibrium is reached once a reaction becomes reversible -- meaning that, when a reaction is in dynamic equilibrium, the forward reaction rate and the backward reaction rate, are equal or occurring at the same time!

Equilibrium is really just like saying they're [the reactions] at a point where they're both "balanced" and so they're equal, nothing is changing and they're going equally both ways!  (This is just for explanatory reasons, but "balanced" isn't the correct term to use for dynamic equilibrium, as it is used for other things in Chemistry!)

Hope this helps a little! [And that I didn't confuse you!] :)

The quantity of gas is 5.6 moles of NH₃ that form liquid completely reacts.

What are Moles?

A mole is defined as the quantity of stuff that has exactly 12 grammes of carbon-12's weight in elementary particles.

From given we know that,

3N₂H₄(l) ⇒ 4NH₃(g) + N₂(g)

From given we know that,

3 moles of N₂H₄ = 4 moles of NH₃

4.2 moles of N₂H₄ = x

Then,

x = (4.2 × 4)/3

x = 5.6

Since 5.6 moles of NH₃.

No. of moles of NH₃ formed = 5.6 moles.

Hence, the quantity of gas is 5.6 moles of NH₃ that form liquid completely reacts.

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Answer:

1

Explanation:

one possible way its just a theory of what the answer could be

Answer:

3-a factual statement

Explanation:

A hypothesis is a factual statement to explain a set of observations.

Answer:

ok so basicalkly he lloked at how the subdiction zone formed and where previus conintal drift occured

Explanation:

: The answer is Beaker A, as it has the highest temperature of 5°C and the highest mass of 500 mL. Thermal energy, also known as heat, is a measure of the total energy of the particles in an object. The higher the temperature and mass of an object, the more thermal energy it has. Therefore, Beaker A has the most thermal energy due to its higher temperature and mass.

According to the explanation provided, it appears that the query was regarding the beaker with the most thermal energy. According to the response, Beaker A, with its greater temperature and bulk, has the most thermal energy.

As a result, an item with a greater temperature and/or higher mass will have more thermal energy than an object with a lower temperature and/or lower mass. This is because thermal energy is directly proportional to both temperature and mass.

The conclusion that Beaker A possesses the greatest amount of thermal energy among all the beakers may thus be drawn from the facts provided.

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For an FCC crystal: calculate the density of atoms (atoms/a² where a is the lattice constant) for the (100), (110) and (111) planesThe unit cell of a FCC crystal is shown below:Here, each corner atom contributes 1 atom, and each face atom contributes 1/2 atoms.

For (100) plane:Length of unit cell along (100) plane direction = a Density of atoms = No. of atoms / Area of the plane Area of the plane = a²Density of atoms for (100) plane = 4 / a²For (110) plane:Length of unit cell along (110) plane direction = a√2Density of atoms = No. of atoms / Area of the plane Area of the plane = a x a√2Density of atoms for (110) plane = 2 x 2 / (a x a√2) = 4√2 / a²

For (111) plane:Length of unit cell along (111) plane direction = a√3Density of atoms = No. of atoms / Area of the plane Area of the plane = a²√3/2 Density of atoms for (111) plane = 3 x 4 / (a²√3) = 4√3 / a²Hence, the density of atoms for the (100), (110) and (111) planes in an FCC crystal are as follows:For (100) plane: 4 / a²For (110) plane: 4√2 / a²For (111) plane: 4√3 / a².

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Answer: During succession, new species move into an area and colonize it.

Explanation: Ecological succession refers to the process of change in the composition and structure of an ecosystem over time. It occurs due to the interactions between the biotic (living) and abiotic (non-living) components of an environment. As succession progresses, new species gradually establish and thrive in the area, leading to a change in the species composition. This process can occur over a long period of time, ranging from decades to centuries, depending on various factors such as environmental conditions and the specific type of succession.

Niels Bohr's explanation for the observation of atomic spectra was based on his atomic model, known as the Bohr model or Bohr's theory of atomic structure.

According to Bohr's model, electrons orbit the nucleus of an atom in specific energy levels or shells. Each energy level has a fixed amount of energy associated with it. When an electron transitions between energy levels, it either absorbs or emits a specific amount of energy in the form of electromagnetic radiation.

Bohr proposed that the energy of the emitted or absorbed radiation corresponds to the difference in energy between the initial and final energy levels of the electron. This energy difference determines the frequency or wavelength of the emitted or absorbed electromagnetic radiation. Thus, each transition between energy levels results in the emission or absorption of a discrete spectrum of light with specific frequencies or wavelengths.

Bohr's explanation of atomic spectra provided a breakthrough in understanding the quantized nature of energy levels in atoms and the discrete nature of emitted or absorbed radiation. It laid the foundation for quantum mechanics and contributed significantly to the understanding of atomic structure and the behavior of electrons within atoms.

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