The interplay of gravity, gas drag, collisions, and other physical mechanisms creates an environment where particles gradually come together, forming increasingly larger and more massive objects.
The process of particle accretion in nebulae, leading to the formation of stars and planets, is primarily driven by the force of gravity and various physical mechanisms.
Gravity plays a crucial role in pulling together the particles in a nebula. Nebulae are vast clouds of gas and dust in space.
Due to the gravitational attraction between particles, initially dispersed particles begin to come together under the influence of gravity.
As particles collide and stick together, they form larger clumps known as planetesimals or protostars, depending on the context.
Once these clumps reach a certain size, they start to experience an additional effect called self-gravity.
Self-gravity enables the clumps to attract more nearby particles, causing a positive feedback loop where larger clumps grow faster by capturing more surrounding material.
Other physical mechanisms also contribute to the acceleration of the accretion process. These mechanisms include:
Gas drag: Within a nebula, there is usually a component of gas along with the dust particles. The gas can exert drag on the particles, causing them to lose angular momentum and fall toward the center of the cloud more rapidly.
Collisions and coagulation: As particles move within the nebula, they collide and stick together due to cohesive forces like van der Waals interactions or electrostatic forces. These collisions lead to the growth of larger and more massive objects.
Gravitational instability: When the density of a region in the nebula exceeds a critical threshold, gravitational instability can occur. This instability causes the collapse of the dense region, leading to the formation of denser clumps and accelerating the accretion process.
Overall, the interplay of gravity, gas drag, collisions, and other physical mechanisms creates an environment where particles gradually come together, forming increasingly larger and more massive objects.
This process starts slowly but gains momentum as the clumps grow and their self-gravity becomes more significant, ultimately giving rise to stars and planets.
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a battery-powered global positioning system (gps) receiver operating on a voltage of 9.0 v draws a current of 0.19 a. part a how much electrical energy does it consume during 40 minutes?
The battery-powered GPS receiver consumes approximately 1.14 watt-hours of electrical energy during 40 minutes of operation.
The electrical energy consumed by a battery-powered GPS receiver can be calculated using the formula: energy = power × time. In this case, power can be determined by multiplying the voltage (9.0 V) by the current (0.19 A), which equals 1.71 W.
To find the energy consumed during 40 minutes, we need to convert the time from minutes to hours. There are 60 minutes in an hour, so 40 minutes is equal to 40/60 or 2/3 of an hour.
Using the formula, energy = power × time, the energy consumed can be calculated as 1.71 W × 2/3 h = 1.14 Wh (watt-hours).
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A player kicks a football from the ground with a velocity of 27 m/s at an angle of 25o above the horizontal. How long does the ball stay in the air?
The time it takes the ball to stay in the air is 2.33 seconds.
What is time of flight?Time of flight is the total time taken to complete the projectile motion.
To calculate how long it takes the ball to stay in the air, we use the formula of time of flight below.
Formula:
T = 2usin∅/g................. Equation 1Where:
T = Time of flightu = Initial velocityg = Acceleration due to gravity∅ = AngleFrom the question,
Given:
u = 27 m/sg = 9.8 m/s²∅ = 25°Substitute these values into equation 1
T = 2×27×sin25/9.8T = 2.33 secondsHence, the time of flight is 2.33 seconds.
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A 438kg car is accelerating east at 2.55m/s^2. What is the total force acting east on the car
Answer:
1116.9 NExplanation:
The force acting on an object given it's mass and acceleration can be found by using the formula
force = mass × acceleration
From the question we have
force = 438 × 2.55
We have the final answer as
1116.9 NHope this helps you
a boat ended up with a velocity of 30.m/s [N30.E] after it experienced an acceleration of 3.0m/s^2 [S] for a period of 4.0s what displacement did the boat cover
Answer:
96 m
Explanation:
The average velocity over those 4 seconds is the velocity after 2 seconds:
30 m/s -(2 s)(3.0 m/s^2) = 24 m/s
The displacement is the product of this average velocity and the duration of the acceleration:
d = (24 m/s)(4 s) = 96 m
The boat covered 96 m while being accelerated.
What atmospheric constituent is responsible for the blue color of uranus and neptune?.
Answer:
Neptune's atmosphere is made up predominately of hydrogen and helium, with some methane. The methane is part of what gives Neptune its brilliant blue tint, as it absorbs red light and reflects bluer colors. Uranus also has methane in its atmosphere, but has a duller shading.
Explanation:
The low temperatures of these distant planets allow for the formation of methane clouds that contribute to the blue color.
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s the force that will stretch it right to its breaking point larger than, smaller than, or equal to 5000 N?
Yes, the force that will stretch is rights to the breaking point equal to 5000 N. Because the longer wire will аlso breаk аt 5000 N. The force per unit аreа is the sаme in both cаses.
What happens to stretch wire to breaking point?When а stress is аpplied to а piece of mаteriаl, the mаteriаl undergoes а corresponding deformаtion or strаin. Under а tensile stress, the mаteriаl stretches. Initiаlly, the аmount by which it stretches is proportionаl to the аpplied force. Thаt is, the mаteriаl obeys Hooke’s Lаw, which is expressed by the equаtion F = -kx, where k is а constаnt аnd x is the chаnge in the length of the mаteriаl.
Your question is incomplete, but most probably your full question was
A wire is stretched right to the breaking point by a 5000 N force. A longer wire made of the same material has the same diameter. Is the force that will stretch it right to the breaking point larger than, smaller than, or equal to 5000 N?
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After you let go of a bowling ball, is there a force pushing it so that it keeps moving
forward? Explain.
Explanation:
No, the ball keeps moving forward due its momentum.
A net force causes an object to accelerate, which means it speeds up, slows down, or changes direction. A bowling ball does not speed up after you let go, so there is no forward force.
What height will the object reach? 12 points. Will give brainliest.
Answer:
12.7 m
Explanation:
The following data were obtained from the question:
Initial velocity (u) = 56.7 Km/hr
Maximum height (h) =..?
First, we shall convert 56.7 Km/hr to m/s. This can be obtained as follow:
Initial velocity (m/s) = 56.7 x 1000/3600
Initial velocity (m/s) = 15.75 m/s
Next, we shall determine the time taken to get to the maximum height. This can be obtained as follow:
Initial velocity (u) = 15.75 m/s
Final velocity (v) = 0 m/s
Acceleration due to gravity (g) = 9.8 m/s²
Time (t) =?
v = u – gt (since the ball is going against gravity)
0 = 15.75 – 9.8 × t
Rearrange
9.8 × t = 15.75
Divide both side by 9.8
t = 15.75/9.8
t = 1.61 secs.
Finally, we shall determine the maximum height as follow
h = ½gt²
Acceleration due to gravity (g) = 9.8 m/s²
Time (t) = 1.61 secs.
Height (h) =..?
h = ½gt²
h = ½ × 9.8 × 1.61²
h = 4.9 x 1.61²
h = 12.7 m
Therefore, the maximum height reached by the ball is 12.7 m
Timmy likes purple, what's his favorite color?
Answer: Most likely purple
Explanation:
Answer:
Purple?
Explanation:
I'm confused what you are asking.
calculate the pressure exerted by a force of 42N on a surface of 3m length and 2m bredth.[will be marking brainliest and following right answer..]
Answer:
Pressure, P = 7 Pa
Explanation:
Given that,
Force exerted on the surface, F = 42 N
Length, l = 3 m
Width, b = 2 m
We need to find the pressure exerted by this force. We know that, pressure is equal to force per unit area. So,
\(P=\dfrac{F}{l\times b}\\\\P=\dfrac{42}{3\times 2}\\\\P=7\ Pa\)
So, the required pressure is equal to 7 Pa.
The source of all magnetic fields is:
- moving charges
- the earth's gravity
- the aurora borealis
- solar fields
Answer:
Moving charges
Explanation:
The source of all magnetic fields is moving electric charge: whether it is current in a wire, unpaired electrons in an atomic orbital, convection currents in the earth's liquid nickle /iron core, plasma in the sun, etc. moving electric charge is the source of all magnetic fields.
if a car has a speed of 22.3 m/s and drives for 8.5 seconds . how far does it go
Frosty the Snowman, m=60 kg is sledding down a hill at a rate of 3.3 m/s, what is his kinetic energy in Joules?
Frosty the Snowman's kinetic energy is approximately 327 Joules.
Kinetic energy is the energy an object possesses due to its motion. It is a scalar quantity and is defined as the work needed to accelerate an object of a given mass from rest to its current velocity.
The kinetic energy (KE) of an object is given by the equation:
\(KE = \frac{1}{2} mv^2\)
where m is the mass of the object and v is its velocity.
Given that Frosty the Snowman has a mass of 60 kg and is sledding down the hill at a rate of 3.3 m/s, we can calculate his kinetic energy as follows:
\(KE = \frac{1}{2} * 60 * (3.3)^2\)
\(KE = \frac{1}{2} * 60 * 10.89\)
KE ≈ 327 J.
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when a movie on a film is projected
A specific number of frames per minute are processed by the projector when a motion picture on film is shown.
What is motion and example?Motion is indeed the open borders of a body in relation to time. For instance, the fan, the carpet's dust blowing off of it, the water running from the taps, a ball rolling about, a moving car, etc. Even for the universe is always changing.
Why do you mean by motion?Movement, the act of process of changing or shifting locations or positions. ability to move with the force of a physical human. gait is the term for the way a person walks. a gesture; a movement or shift in posture.
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A sled on ice moves in the ways described in the questions below. Friction is so small that it can be ignored
Which term describes an area of low density in a longitudinal wave?
A. Crest
B. Compression
C. Rarefaction
D. Trough
Answer: rarefaction
Explanation: correct answer on a p e x
Rarefaction term describes an area of low density in a longitudinal wave.
What is wave ?Wave is a disturbance in a medium that carries energy as well as momentum . wave is characterized by amplitude, wavelength and phase. Amplitude is the greatest distance that the particles are vibrating. especially a sound or radio wave, moves up and down. Amplitude is a measure of loudness of a sound wave. More amplitude means more loud is the sound wave.
Wavelength is the distance between two points on the wave which are in same phase. Phase is the position of a wave at a point at time t on a waveform.
There are two types of the wave longitudinal wave and transverse wave. Longitudinal wave : in which, vibration of the medium (particle) is parallel to propagation of the wave. Sound wave is a longitudinal wave. Transverse wave : in which, vibration of the medium (particle) is perpendicular to propagation of the wave. Light wave is a transverse in nature wave.
In Longitudinal wave, wave carries energy and momentum with compression and rarefaction. Compression is region of high density, in this region particles of the medium is compressed. rarefaction is region of expansion and it is low density region of longitudinal wave.
Hence option C is correct.
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I need help with the Reasoning to support my claim please.
A 100 g ball and a 200 g ball are connected by a 30 cm long massless rigid rod. The balls rotate about their center of mass at 120 rpm. What is the speed of the 100 g ball?.
The speed of the 100 g ball if the 100 g ball and a 200 g ball are connected by a 30 cm long massless rigid rod and if the balls rotate about their center of mass at 120 rpm is 2.5 m / s
Xcm = m1 r1 + m2 r2 / ( m1 + m2 )
Xcm = Center of mass
m1 = Mass 1
m2 = Mass 2
m1 = 100 g
m2 = 200 g
The center of mass of the two balls measured from the 100 g ball,
Xcm = [ ( 100 * 0 ) + ( 200 * 30 ) ] / ( 100 + 200 )
Xcm = 6000 / 300
Xcm = 20 cm
v1 = r ω
v1 = Speed of m1
r = Distance about which the balls rotate
ω = Angular velocity
r = 20 cm = 0.2 m
ω = 120 rpm
ω = 120 * 2 π / 60
ω = 12.56 rad / s
v1 = 0.2 * 12.56
v1 = 2.5 m / s
Therefore, the speed of the 100 g ball is 2.5 m / s
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If you build a common source amplifier with NMOS input transistor and we want a current source as a load and that current source goes from VDD to a node so what would be the type of the current source?
If you build a common-source amplifier with an NMOS input transistor, and you want a current source as a load, and that current source goes from VDD to a node, the type of current source would be the diode-connected transistor.
An NMOS current source implemented as a diode-connected transistor is a type of bipolar transistor circuit that creates a constant current from an input voltage. The collector and emitter of the bipolar transistor are connected together in the circuit, effectively turning the transistor into a diode. The main advantage of diode-connected transistors is that they can generate currents of a specific magnitude and not be influenced by changes in the supply voltage.
The current generated by the diode-connected transistor is almost completely determined by the physical characteristics of the transistor and the biasing resistors used in the circuit. Another advantage of diode-connected transistors is that they may be cascaded in series to create current sources of various sizes. These devices have been commonly used to generate reference currents, voltage-to-current (V-I) converters, and bias currents in linear integrated circuits. So therefore diode-connected transistor is the type of current source, if you build a common-source amplifier with an NMOS input transistor, and you want a current source as a load, and that current source goes from VDD to a node.
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Impulse equals?
A) momentum x velocity
B) momentum x time
C) mass x velocity
Answer:
B
Explanation:
The impulse experienced by an object is the force•time.
Find the volume and area of a spherical body of radius 49cm.
Explanation:
Area of sphere:4
\(4\pir {}^{2} \)
4×3.14×49^2
=30156.56
volume of sphere:
\(4 \div 3pir {}^{3} \)
4/3×3.14×49^3
492434.00
not sure
A penny is made of the element zinc plated with the element copper; a nickel is made of a mixture of the elements nickel and copper. Some isotopes of various elements are listed below by their atomic number and mass number. Use the periodic table on p. 131 to identify which atoms you would expect to find in the penny, which you would expect to find in the nickel, which you would expect to find in both, and which you would expect to find in neither coin.
Answer: We need the referenced table to discern which isotopes are likely to be found. But there is still an interesting piece of information.
Explanation:
An interesting story behind the US penny. It has been around since 1787 and consisted of primarily a copper, or copper-plated coin. In 1982 the design was changed, due to the high price of copper. A zinc core was copper plated to have the same appearance, but less expensive composition. If one of these pennies is slightly filed to expose the zinc, it can be placed in a strong acid that will react with and dissolve the zinc core. Fun, but a waste of money.
Answer:
in the penny Cooper(Cu),un the nickel nickel(Ni),in both Cooper(Cu)
Explanation:
A rectangular loop of wire that can rotate about an axis through its center is placed between the poles of a magnet in a magnetic field with a strength of 0.40 T. The length of the loop L is 0.16 m and its width w is 0.040 m. What is the magnetic flux through the loop when the plane of the loop is perpendicular to the magnetic field?
Explanation:
hope this helps you...........
The magnetic flux through the loop when the plane of the loop is perpendicular to the magnetic field is 0.0256 Weber.
What is magnetic field?The magnetic field is the region of space where a charged object experiences magnetic force when it is moving.
The formula for magnetic flux is given as;
φ = BAcosθ
Given, a rectangular loop of wire that can rotate about an axis through its center is placed between the poles of a magnet in a magnetic field with a strength of 0.40 T. The length of the loop L is 0.16 m and its width w is 0.040 m.
Area of the loop = L x w
A = 0.16 x 0.040 m
A = 0.0064 m²
So, flux will be
φ = 0.4 x 0.0064 x cos90°
φ = 0.00256 Wb
Thus, magnetic flux through the loop when the plane of the loop is perpendicular to the magnetic field is 0.0256 Weber.
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how much energy is transferred when the potential difference is 3000mV and the charge is 2 C
The energy transferred when the potential difference is 3000mV and the charge is 2 C is 6 J.
It is given in the question that:
The potential difference, V = 3000 mV
The charge, q = 2 C.
We have, 1000 mV = 1 V
Therefore, V = 3000 mV = 3 V
Energy is related to potential difference and charge by the formula,
Energy = Charge \(\times\) Potential Difference
Or, \(E=qV\)
Substituting the values of charge and potential difference as given,
E = 2 \(\times\) 3 = 6 J
Therefore, the energy is transferred when the potential difference is 3000 mV volts and the charge is 7.5 C is 90 Joules.
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Two waves travel at the same speed. the frequency of wave a is 1000 hz, and the frequency of wave b is 4000 hz. wavelength a is:________
the wavelength of wave a is equal to the speed of the wave divided by its frequency, or λ_wave a = v / 1000 Hz.
The speed of a wave is given by the equation:
v = f * λ
where v is the speed of the wave, f is the frequency of the wave, and λ is the wavelength of the wave.
Since the two waves are traveling at the same speed, their speed is constant, and we can set their speed equal to each other:
v_wave a = v_wave b
We know the frequencies of the waves, so we can use the above equation to find their wavelengths:
v = f * λ
λ_wave a = v_wave a / f_wave a
λ_wave a = v_wave b / f_wave b
Substituting the given values, we get:
λ_wave a = v / f_wave a
λ_wave a = v / 1000 Hz
The complete question is:
Two waves travel at the same speed. the frequency of wave a is 1000 hz, and the frequency of wave b is 4000 hz. wavelength a is:________
a v / 8000 Hz
b v / 2000 Hz
c v / 1000 Hz
d v / 9000 Hz
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Relative to ultraviolet waves, the wavelength of infrared waves is Frequency (Hz) 10 10% 1010 1012 10" 1016 10" AM radio FM radio/TV Microwaves Infrared Ultraviolet x rays 300 3 0.03 3 x 10-4 3 x 10 3 x 10 3 x 10-10 Wavelength (m) Visible light 700 nm 600 nm 500 nm 400 nm shorter. the same. longer.
Relative to ultraviolet waves, the wavelength of infrared waves is Longer.
Based on their wavelengths, different kinds of waves are grouped in the electromagnetic spectrum. Compared to infrared (IR) waves, ultraviolet (UV) waves have shorter wavelengths. While the wavelengths of IR waves range from about 700 nanometers to one millimeter (mm), those of UV waves range from about 10 nanometers (nm) to 400 nm.
Consequently, IR waves have longer wavelengths than UV light. These two types of waves have different wavelengths because of the energy they carry and the way matter interacts with them. While IR waves are connected with heat and are frequently utilized in thermal imaging and remote sensing applications, UV radiation have a lower energy and can hurt living things.
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A body is thrown vertically upward and the height travelled by it is 200m , find the initial velocity and time required to reach maximum height ?
Answer:
Initial velocity(u)=62.6 m/s^2Time(t)=6.39 secondsSolution,
Displacement(s)=200 m
Initial velocity (u)=?
Final velocity(v)=0 m/s^2
acceleration due to gravity(g)=-9.8 m/s^2
now,
\( {v}^{2} = {u}^{2} + 2as \\ {(0)}^{2} = {u}^{2} + 2 \times ( - 9.8) \times 200 \\ {u}^{2} = 2 \times 9.8 \times 200 \\ {u}^{2} = 3920 \\ u = \sqrt{3920} \\ u = \sqrt{ {62.6}^{2} } \\ u = 62.6 \: metre \: per \: second\)
Again,
Finding time taken,
\(v = u + at \\ t = \frac{v - u}{a} \\ = \frac{0 - 62.6}{ - 9.8} \\ = \frac{ - 62.6}{ - 9.8} \\ = 6.39 \: seconds\)
Hope this helps...
Good luck on your assignment...
A child and sled with combined mass m1 begin to slide from rest at the top of an icy frictionless hill of height H. At the bottom of the hill the sled collides with a snowman of mass m2 that falls onto the sled. What will be the final speed of the combined child, sled, and snowman system?
Final speed of the combined child, sled, and snowman system is given by: v_final = (m1 * sqrt(2 * g * H)) / (m1 + m2)
Explanation:
To find the final speed of the combined child, sled, and snowman system, follow these steps:
step1: Calculate the gravitational potential energy (PE) of the child and sled at the top of the hill: PE = m1 * g * H, where g is the acceleration due to gravity.
step2: Since there is no friction, the potential energy will convert into kinetic energy (KE) at the bottom of the hill: KE = 0.5 * m1 * v1^2, where v1 is the speed of the child and sled at the bottom of the hill.
step3: Equate the potential and kinetic energies: m1 * g * H = 0.5 * m1 * v1^2. Solve for v1: v1 = sqrt(2 * g * H).
step4: Use the conservation of momentum principle for the collision between the sled and the snowman: m1 * v1 = (m1 + m2) * v_final, where v_final is the final speed of the combined system.
step5: Substitute the expression for v1 from step 3 into the momentum equation and solve for v_final: v_final = (m1 * sqrt(2 * g * H)) / (m1 + m2).
Thus, the final speed of the combined child, sled, and snowman system is given by: v_final = (m1 * sqrt(2 * g * H)) / (m1 + m2).
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Describe how a star is formed?
____________________________
Answer:
Star Formation
Stars are born within the clouds of dust and scattered throughout most galaxies. A familiar example of such as a dust cloud is the Orion Nebula. Turbulence deep within these clouds gives rise to knots with sufficient mass that the gas and dust can begin to collapse under its own gravitational attraction.
hy XD ~
If you had a accident and could no longer speak what part of your brain might of been damaged?
Answer:
Thus, damage to the right side of the brain may cause movement problems or weakness on the body's left side. For most people, the left half of the brain is responsible for verbal and logical functions including language (listening, reading, speaking, and writing), thought and memory involving words.Explanation:
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