Assessing Financial Statement Effects of Transactions

Services, a firm providing art services for advertisers, began business on June 1. The following accounts are needed to record the transactions for June: Cash; Accounts Receivable; Supplies; Office Equipment; Accounts Payable; Common Stock; Dividends; Service Fees Earned; Rent Expense; Utilities Expense; and Wages Expense.

Record the following transactions for June using the financial statement effects template.

June I M. DeFond invested $12.000 cash to begin the business in exchange for common stock.
2 Paid $950 cash for June rent.
3 Purchased $6,400 of office equipment on credit.
6 Purchased $3,800 of art materials and other supplies; the company paid $1,800 cash with the remainder due within 30 days.
11 Billed clients $4,700 for services rendered.
17 Collected $3,250 cash from clients on their accounts billed on June
19 Paid $5,000 cash toward the account for office equipment (sec June 3)
25 Paid $900 cash for dividends.
30 Paid $350 cash for June utilities.
30 Paid $2,500 cash for June wages.

To maximize profit in a perfectly competitive market, the firm should produce at the output level where marginal cost (MC) equals the market price (P).

The total cost (TC) function is given as:

TC = 1/3Q^3 - 5Q^2 + 20Q + 50

To find the marginal cost, we need to take the derivative of the total cost function with respect to Q:

MC = dTC/dQ = Q^2 - 10Q + 20

A. To maximize profit, set MC equal to the market price (P) and solve for Q:

Q^2 - 10Q + 20 = 6

Q^2 - 10Q + 14 = 0

Solving this quadratic equation will give us the level of output (Q) that maximizes profit. Using the quadratic formula, we find:

Q ≈ 2.34 or Q ≈ 7.66

Since Q represents the level of output, it cannot be a fraction or negative value in this context. Therefore, the firm should produce approximately 7 units of output to maximize profit.

B. To determine the level of profit at equilibrium, we need to calculate total revenue (TR) and subtract total cost (TC) at the output level where MC = P.

TR = P * Q

TR = 6 * 7 = 42

Profit (π) = TR - TC

Profit (π) = 42 - TC

To calculate the specific level of profit, we need the total cost equation. Substituting the value of Q into the TC equation, we can find the total cost at equilibrium.

C. To determine the minimum price required by the firm to stay in the market, we need to consider the level of average variable cost (AVC). If the price falls below AVC, the firm would be better off shutting down in the short run.

AVC = TVC / Q

AVC = (TC - TFC) / Q

However, the total fixed cost (TFC) is not provided in the given information. Without the TFC value, we cannot determine the minimum price required to stay in the market.

Therefore, we can answer parts A and B, but we cannot determine the minimum price required to stay in the market without the total fixed cost (TFC) information.

Answer:

87.78

Explanation:

The net price was $79.00 after a 10% discount. It means 79.00 was 90% of the list price.

The list price is 79.00/ 90 x 100

=0.87 x 100

=87.7777777

=87.78

Answer:

The corporate debt market is where companies go to borrow cash. And for over a decade, super-low interest rates left over from the 2008 financial crisis have made borrowing easier and easier. Since then, U.S. companies have regularly offered up bonds for sale, taking advantage of the cheap access to cash.

Explanation:

Hope this helps you

Manufacturing overhead  B) is an indirect cost C) contains fixed costs D) consists of many different types of costs.

What is manufacturing overhead?

The total of all indirect costs incurred during the manufacturing of a product is known as manufacturing overhead (MOH) cost. Together with the expenses of direct materials and direct labour, it is included in the price of the finished product.

Indirect labour, indirect materials, supplies, and repair parts; rent and utilities; depreciation; and financial costs are the five main categories of manufacturing overhead.

You must first determine the manufacturing costs for your company. After that, total them up or multiply the overhead cost per unit by the quantity of units you produce. Divide by your monthly sales and multiply the result by 100 to get a percentage.

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Answer: contains fixed costs, is an indirect cost, consists of many different types of costs

Explanation:

Answer:

Explanation: the most which is

A logbook used to record information about visitors who call in an organization is called an Option D. Visitor's Register.

A visitor's register is an essential tool for maintaining security and professionalism in a workplace. It helps in keeping track of the people entering and leaving the premises, which aids in monitoring the flow of visitors and ensuring their proper identification.

A visitor's register typically includes columns for the visitor's name, contact details, purpose of visit, time in, time out, and the name of the person they are meeting. This information is valuable in case any follow-up is required or for emergency situations where it's crucial to know who is on the premises.

In contrast, a complimentary card (A) is a business card exchanged during formal introductions. A telephone directory (B) is a listing of telephone numbers organized by name or business. A telephone pad (C) is a notepad used for taking messages or notes during phone calls, and a visitor's request form (E) may be a document required to be filled out by visitors for specific purposes or access.

In summary, a visitor's register (D) is the correct term for a log book used to record information about visitors who call an organization. It helps maintain security, monitor visitor flow, and ensure proper identification of guests. Therefore, the correct option is D.

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A very rapid increase in number is referred to as "exponential growth," while a very rapid decrease in number is referred to as "exponential decay."

Assume that the number of mice grows at an exponential rate, doubling annually.He has two in his first year, four in his second, eight in his third, sixteen in his fourth, and so on.The population doubles annually in this instance.Real-world applications like these are frequently represented by exponential functions:B. Compound Interest, Population Growth/Depletion, and Bacterial Growth/Destruction."Exponential" typically refers to very rapidly.So saying that a decent equivalent for "remarkable" is "rapid is protected"."As a result, the term "exponential decay" refers to a very rapid decrease in population, whereas "exponential growth" refers to a very rapid increase in population.

The expansion of a population of something like bacteria is therefore an illustration of exponential growth.The population equation, for instance, is as follows when you know that the initial population is P and that it grows by 20% per week:

P*(1 + 20%/100%)x is the formula for f(x), where x is the number of weeks.

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Answer:

A. One deals with the creation of an item; the other deals with the use of an item.

Explanation:

Production means "To make" and consumption is putting to use of something.

500x12= 6000$ premium payment
18x25000= 4500-6000= 1500-25000= 23500x18%= 4230-6000= 1770-23500= 21730x18%= 3911.4-6000=2088.6-21730=19641.4x18%=3535.452-6000=2464.548-19641.4=17176.852. It probably will take you 22 years

Answer:

73 years

Explanation:

I took a quiz with this question and 73 was correct.

The practice of transferring property ownership from one entity to another is known as conveyance.

Who is a marketing buyer?

Buyer behavior describes the choices and actions people make while purchasing goods or services for themselves or for a group. It is synonymous with the phrase "consumer buying behavior," which frequently refers to individual clients as opposed to corporate clients. The motivating factor behind any marketing strategy is consumer behavior. frequently in writing along with a deed.

What kind of work does a buyer do?

Somebody buyer is a financial and business expert who researches, assesses, and buys things for businesses to market or use internally. Buyers, also referred to as purchasing agents, are responsible for maintaining a budget and frequently negotiating favorable prices for the goods.

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Answer:

the sample is 31

Explanation:

the population is 31+131=162

Answer:

I'm pretty sure that the answer is option b (Database).

The breakeven quantity of Product A as related to product be is 1/3.

The breakeven quantity refers to the minimum of units a company needs to sell to cover the costs that implied producing that good.

For example, if production costs are $1000 and each unit sale price is 10, the company will need to sell at least 100 units ($1000 / 10 = 100).

In the case of product A and B, it is known product A cost only 1/3 of product B. For example:

Product A: $100 (production cost).Product B: $300 (production cost).

In this context, the breakeven quantity for product A will be a third of the one for product B.

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Answer:

Debt financing

Explanation:

Debt financing is defined as borrowing that a company undertakes to finance it's operations by selling of debt instruments to investors.

The debt instrument attracts interest payment.

Examples of debt financing includes bank loans, loans from friends and family, and government backed loans.

In the given scenario Joseph Tantillo decided to borrow money from his parents to start a retail Web site that specializes in personalized Greek apparel. This is debt financing

In contrast equity financing involves sale of shares to obtain capital

Enron faced an ethical accounting scandal in 2001 after using “mark-to-market” accounting to fake their profits and misused special purpose entities, or SPEs. Enron worked to make their losses seem less than they actually were, and “cooked the books” to make their income look much higher than it was.

If the marginal costs of abatement for polluter 1 become equal to polluter 2, it does not impact the socially efficient level of pollution. The level is still determined by equating Marginal Damage with the Aggregate MAC.

To graph each function, we can plot MAC1 and MAC2 on a graph with the quantity of emissions (E) on the x-axis and the marginal abatement cost (MAC) on the y-axis.

For MAC1: MAC1 = 100 - 10E

For MAC2: MAC2 = 50 - 10E

To compute the aggregate MAC curve, we add the individual MAC curves together. So, Aggregate MAC = MAC1 + MAC2.

Aggregate MAC = (100 - 10E) + (50 - 10E) = 150 - 20E

Now, let's calculate the socially efficient equilibrium by setting the Marginal Damage (MD) equal to the Aggregate MAC.

MD = Aggregate MAC

30E = 150 - 20E

Simplifying the equation, we get:

50E = 150

E = 3

Therefore, the socially efficient equilibrium occurs when the quantity of emissions (E) is 3.

Now, let's calculate the net social costs of the policy when the government sets the pollution level at four units.

Net social costs = Aggregate MAC - MD

Net social costs = (150 - 20(4)) - (30(4))

Net social costs = 110 - 120

Net social costs = -10

The net social costs of this policy would be -10, indicating a net benefit to society.

If a technological change occurs that reduces the marginal costs of abatement for polluter 1 to that of polluter 2, it means that MAC1 will become equal to MAC2.

Setting MAC1 equal to MAC2:

100 - 10E = 50 - 10E

Simplifying the equation, we find that E can have any value, as both sides are equal.

Graphically, this change would mean that MAC1 and MAC2 become parallel lines on the graph, with the same slope and intercept. The socially efficient level of pollution would still be determined by equating MD with the aggregate MAC.

In conclusion, if the marginal costs of abatement for polluter 1 become equal to polluter 2, it does not affect the socially efficient level of pollution. The socially efficient level is still determined by equating the Marginal Damage with the Aggregate MAC, regardless of the marginal costs of individual polluters.

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Answer:

15days

Explanation:

Answer:

Explanation:

Opportunity Costs for going to college

1. Cost of college tuition

2. Loss of income for getting a job right away instead of going to college

3. Time spend at college could be used of something else such as a hobby

Benefits for going to College

1. Getting a job with a higher salary

2. More job opportunities being available (i.e. jobs that require you be attending college or already have college degree)

3. Life experience you may gain attending college (such as mentoring from professors, joining clubs, etc.)

Answer:

... Jamestown Savings will pay a dividend of $2.50 per share on its common.... ... per share on its common stock at the end of the year; a dividend of $3.25 per share is expected for the next year, and $4.00 per share in the following two years. The risk-adjusted cost of capital for banks in Jamestown's risk class is 15 percent.

Explanation:

Offboarding is the method that leads to the formal separation between an employee and a employer via resignation, termination, or retirement.

It encompasses all the selections and tactics that take area when an worker leaves.

This may also include: Transferring that employee's job responsibilities

What takes place when a organization downsizes?

Downsizing is the everlasting reduction of a company's labor force by way of disposing of unproductive employees or divisions.

While it is normally carried out at some point of instances of stress and a decline in revenues, downsizing can also be used to create leaner and extra efficient businesses.

What is employee displacement?

Displaced workers are defined as people 20 years of age and over who record that they lost or left jobs due to the fact their plant or organization closed or moved, there used to be insufficient work for them to do, or their function or shift was once abolished.

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Answer:it’s b

Explanation:B. voluntary termination

The opportunity cost of a cup of coffee is  $4.

weekly income = $40

The price of a cup of coffee = $4

The price of a subway ticket is $2

Theopportunity cost of particular interest is the cost or advantage given up via carrying out that activity, relative to conducting an alternative pastime. more truly, it approaches if you chose one activity (for example, the funding you're giving up the possibility to do a one-of-a-kind alternative. The most reliable interest is the one that, net of its possible cost, provides a greater return compared to every other sport.

As a representation opportunity cost of the relationship between shortage and preference, the objective of possible value is to ensure the efficient use of scarce sources. It includes all related charges of a choice, both explicit and implicit. opportunity cost additionally includes the utility or monetary gain a character misplaced, if it's miles indeed more than the eco geo or actions taken

Hence, The opportunity cost of a cup of coffee is  $4.

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When it comes to competitiveness, what differentiates the top global manufacturers from the rest? Learn the capabilities and attributes that help make top performers stand out—even when the bar continues to rise. NO one has to tell manufacturing company executives that it’s getting tougher to differentiate themselves and compete successfully—they feel the pressure every day. Rapid globalization, technological advancements, changing consumer preferences, and evolving government policies are reshaping the manufacturing industry, exponentially accelerating the pace of competition and continually raising the bar on company performance.

Still, some manufacturers consistently and convincingly outperform their peers (see sidebar “Why study high-performing manufacturers?”). How are they doing this? And what can “the rest” learn from “the best” to improve their own performance? This report provides executives with clear direction on what companies need to do to be high-performing manufacturers—now and in the future. For more than 25 years, we’ve been studying manufacturers to identify what sets apart high-performing companies (defined in the section “About the study”) from their competitors. We found that high performers focus carefully on the development of specific but evolving sets of manufacturing capabilities to differentiate themselves and succeed in the marketplace. These capabilities, when coupled together, are difficult for their competitors to replicate, and when executed well, they create long-term competitive advantage by generating greater customer loyalty, higher market share, and superior profitability.

About the study

As part of Deloitte’s ongoing collaboration with the US Council on Competitiveness on the Global Competitiveness in Manufacturing Initiative, we conducted a global study of manufacturing CEOs in 2010, 2013, and 2016. Together, these three studies received a total of over 1,600 CEO responses.

On a broad list of capabilities, we asked CEOs to rate their companies’ current competitiveness in each capability relative to their closest global rivals, as well as rate how important they thought each capability would be to staying competitive in the future. In order to remove the variations in rating among countries (due to culture), industry subsectors, and company revenue sizes, we normalized the data by country, industry, and size, and calculated current and future index scores for each of the capabilities on a 10–100 scale for both current competitiveness and future importance.

We separated the respondents’ companies into “high performers” and “other companies” (all other companies studied). High performers were identified on the basis of four parameters: the company’s actual profitability, its profitability when compared to its peers, whether the company met or exceeded its profitability goals, and the company’s performance on return on assets.

This classification methodology for selecting high performers showed that 30 percent of the high performers were in the top 10 percent of profitability relative to their primary global industry competitors, and four-fifths (81 percent) of the high performers were in the top third. Among the other companies, only 1 percent were in the top 10 percent of profitability, and only 9 percent were in the top third, relative to their primary global industry competitors. In addition, 25 percent of the high performers were in the top 10 percent on return on assets (ROA) relative to their primary global industry competitors; 74 percent of the high performers had ROAs in the top third. Among the other companies, only 1 percent had ROAs in the top 10 percent and only 5 percent had ROAs in the top third relative to their primary global industry competitors.

To dig deeper into the attributes of high-performing manufacturers, Deloitte collaborated with the US Council on Competitiveness to conduct a global survey of over 500 manufacturing C-suite executives in 2016. This report, which draws on the survey’s results, builds on the 2010 and 2013 editions of this survey and further extends the story of manufacturing competitiveness in the 21st century.

Even for high performers, it isn’t easy to continually excel in the dynamic, hypercompetitive global manufacturing industry. However, this study provides an operating framework to help C-suite executives decide “where to play and how to win.” Becoming a high performer requires a keen focus on acquiring needed capabilities, which not only change with time but also vary based on where a company chooses to play: in which markets, with which customers and consumers, in which channels, and in which product categories and services the company wants to compete. To determine how to win, company leaders should consider which capabilities will enable the organization to create unique value and consistently deliver that value to customers in a way that is distinct from competitors’ offerings

The aspect of aspect of effective team building does this scenario demonstrates is "Promote psychological safety" (Option D)

What is Effective Team Building?

Team development is a continuous process that assists a work group in becoming a cohesive one. Not only do team members share expectations for completing group work, but they also trust and support one another and appreciate one another's distinctive characteristics.

It fosters trust, reduces conflict, promotes communication, and fosters collaboration. Effective team building results in more engaged employees, which is beneficial to corporate culture and the bottom line. It may also be exciting and fun if done with a little flair.

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Full Question:

Although part of your question is missing, you might be referring to this full question:

As a project manager, you email all team members requesting their feedback on processes and their preferred method of collaboration. Which aspect of effective team building does this scenario demonstrate?

Answers

Prioritize tasks

Listen and ask questions

Celebrate team success

Promote psychological safety

Answer:

Relevant: diligent research, customer complaint history, rating of the company.

Not relevant: size of the company and location of the company

Explanation: Just took the test and this is the correct answer!

Answer: The answer is They have more tax liability.

Explanation:Trust is a fiduciary relationship.In this, a first party gives the right to assets or the right to hold the title to a second party for the benefit of a third party.The first party is called the Grantor.The second party is called as the Trustee.The third party is called as the Beneficiary.As the trust is a seperate legal and taxable entity, the tax payment of the trusts depend upon whether it is a simple trust,complex trust or a grantor trust.The tax brackets of trusts are more compressed.So, the trusts pay more taxes than individual taxpayers.

They supply the money by the world and that’s how they gain and get money

Savings depend on a person's time preferences, anticipated interest rates, and the opportunity costs of spending money now vs later.

A behavioral economist would take into account phenomena that appear unreasonable but are actually due to human nature, such as the propensity to value money differently depending on the context.

What is intertemporal choice?

The process by which people decide what and how much to do at different times when choices made at one point in time affect the options available at subsequent times is known as intertemporal choice. People's relative values for two or more payoffs at various times have an impact on these decisions.

Most decisions require the decision-maker to balance costs and rewards over time. These choices could relate to spending, labor effort, education, diet, exercise, health care, and other factors. Numerous unfavorable outcomes, from lower salaries to drug addiction, have been linked to greater demand for faster, lesser rewards.

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La comunicación desempeña un papel fundamental en el funcionamiento de una organización, ya que permite la transmisión de información, ideas, instrucciones y retroalimentación entre los miembros del equipo. Existen varias formas de comunicación que se utilizan en un entorno organizacional. A continuación, describiré algunas de las formas más comunes:

Comunicación verbal: Es el uso de palabras habladas para transmitir información. Puede ser en forma de reuniones, conversaciones cara a cara, llamadas telefónicas o videoconferencias. La comunicación verbal es rápida y permite una interacción directa entre las personas, lo que facilita la clarificación de dudas y la resolución de problemas en tiempo real. Por ejemplo, durante una reunión de equipo, los miembros pueden discutir ideas, compartir actualizaciones y tomar decisiones conjuntas.

Comunicación escrita: Implica el uso de palabras escritas para transmitir información. Esto incluye correos electrónicos, mensajes de texto, informes, memorandos y documentos formales. La comunicación escrita es útil cuando se requiere un registro permanente de la información y proporciona la oportunidad de revisar y editar antes de enviar el mensaje. Por ejemplo, un gerente puede enviar un correo electrónico detallando las metas y objetivos del proyecto a su equipo para asegurarse de que todos estén al tanto de las expectativas.

Comunicación no verbal: Se refiere a la transmisión de información sin el uso de palabras. Incluye gestos, expresiones faciales, lenguaje corporal y tono de voz. A menudo, la comunicación no verbal puede transmitir emociones y actitudes que pueden complementar o contradecir el mensaje verbal. Por ejemplo, durante una presentación, el lenguaje corporal de un orador puede transmitir confianza y entusiasmo, lo que refuerza su mensaje.

Comunicación formal: Se lleva a cabo a través de canales oficiales y estructurados dentro de la organización. Esto incluye comunicaciones descendentes, como anuncios y políticas de la gerencia hacia los empleados, así como comunicaciones ascendentes, como informes de estado y retroalimentación de los empleados hacia los superiores. La comunicación formal es importante para establecer líneas claras de autoridad y responsabilidad, así como para garantizar la coherencia en la información transmitida.

Comunicación informal: Se produce a través de interacciones sociales no estructuradas entre los miembros de la organización. Esto puede incluir conversaciones informales en el lugar de trabajo, interacciones en las pausas para el café o discusiones en grupos de chat en línea. La comunicación informal es valiosa para fomentar la camaradería, construir relaciones y facilitar el intercambio de ideas no convencionales. Por ejemplo, en un entorno de trabajo abierto, los empleados pueden compartir ideas innovadoras durante una conversación informal en la sala de descanso.

La importancia de estas formas de comunicación en una organización radica en que permiten la colaboración efectiva, la toma de decisiones informada, la resolución de problemas, la coordinación de tareas y la creación de un ambiente de trabajo positivo. Una comunicación clara y efectiva evita malentendidos, reduce los errores, mejora la productividad y fortalece la cohesión del equipo.

Un ejemplo práctico podría ser una empresa de desarrollo de software. En este caso, la comunicación verbal sería esencial para que los miembros del equipo discutan los requisitos del proyecto, compartan actualizaciones diarias y resuelvan problemas en las reuniones diarias de puesta al día (stand-up meetings). La comunicación escrita sería crucial para documentar los requisitos, especificaciones técnicas y cronogramas del proyecto, así como para enviar correos electrónicos y mensajes de chat con actualizaciones y solicitudes de retroalimentación. La comunicación no verbal también tendría un papel importante, ya que el lenguaje corporal y las expresiones faciales en las reuniones ayudarían a transmitir confianza y apoyo entre los miembros del equipo. En cuanto a la comunicación formal, se utilizarían informes de estado y presentaciones formales para mantener a la alta dirección informada sobre el progreso del proyecto. Por último, la comunicación informal se daría en momentos de descanso, donde los empleados podrían discutir ideas, plantear desafíos y fomentar la creatividad en un ambiente más relajado

Answer:

There are several different forms of communication that are important in an organization. These include:

1. Verbal communication: This is the use of spoken words to convey a message. Verbal communication is important in an organization because it allows employees to communicate with each other and with customers. For example, a salesperson might use verbal communication to explain the features of a product to a customer. Another example is a team meeting where employees discuss project updates and share ideas.

2. Nonverbal communication: This is the use of body language, gestures, and facial expressions to convey a message. Nonverbal communication is important in an organization because it can convey emotions, attitudes, and intentions. For example, a manager might use nonverbal communication to show approval or disapproval of an employee's performance. Another example is a job interview where the interviewer might use nonverbal communication to assess the candidate's confidence and professionalism.

3. Written communication: This is the use of written words to convey a message. Written communication is important in an organization because it provides a permanent record of communication. For example, an email can be used to communicate project updates, deadlines, and other important information. Another example is a report that summarizes the results of a project.

4. Visual communication: This is the use of images, graphs, and other visual aids to convey a message. Visual communication is important in an organization because it can help to simplify complex information and make it easier to understand. For example, a chart can be used to show sales trends over time. Another example is a video that demonstrates how to use a product.

All of these forms of communication are important in an organization because they allow employees to share information, ideas, and feedback. Effective communication can also help to build trust and relationships between employees, customers, and partners. For example, if a customer has a positive experience with a salesperson, they are more likely to return to the organization in the future.

A practical example of the importance of communication in an organization is a team project. Effective communication is essential for the success of the project. Team members need to be able to communicate their ideas, concerns, and progress to each other in order to stay on track and meet deadlines. This might involve verbal communication in team meetings, written communication in project reports, and visual communication in presentations. Without effective communication, the project is likely to fail.

The message in the given blog post is effective, as this is a friendly reminder about the working time.

So a shift starts from 7:30 am to 5:00 pm and there is a break time between 12:00 pm to 12:45 pm for lunch and other business. In order to facilitate the accuracy of time record and thus improve the fairness in a working environment, a camera will be installed which will moniter the employees. So, this is effective.

So if anyone is late for work more than three times, there will be a penalty. Thus, from following Monday the new cameras are installed for improving the checking time for working of all workers. This is the message given in the blog post.

Hence, such guidelines are to be followed.

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According to the question PV = \frac{7,300 \times 5}{1.05^5}

PV = \frac{36,500}{1.27628}

What is Times ?

Times is a measure of duration or elapsed time. It is most often used to measure intervals or periods of time, such as . It is also used to measure the passage of time between two events or to indicate when an event occurred. Times can be measured in terms of cycles, such as the passage of days in a year or the passage . Times can also be measured in terms of physical distances, such as the distance between two cities, or the distance between two points on a map.

a. Present value of Investment X at 5 % = $39,211.43

Present value of Investment X is calculated using the present value formula:

PV = \frac{FV}{(1+r)^n}

where,

PV = Present Value

FV = Future Value

r = Discount Rate

n = Number of years

Therefore,

PV = \frac{5,300 \times 8}{1.05^8}

PV = \frac{42,400}{1.673775}

PV = $25,277.07

Present value of Investment Y at 5 % = $38,934.08

Present value of Investment Y is calculated using the present value formula:

PV = \frac{FV}{(1+r)^n}

where,

PV = Present Value

FV = Future Value

r = Discount Rate

n = Number of years

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