Answer these two questions, please.

1.Why the melting point and boiling point of \(H_{2} O\) are lower than metals?

2.Why the melting point and boiling point of \(H_{2} O\) are comparatively higher than other non-metals?

Therefore, 12.8 cm3 of ammonia would be produced by the reaction when 6.4 cm3 of nitrogen is consumed.

To determine the volume of ammonia produced, we need to consider the balanced chemical equation and the stoichiometry of the reaction. Since the chemical equation is not provided, I'll assume a balanced equation for the reaction of nitrogen (N2) with hydrogen (H2) to form ammonia (NH3):

N2(g) + 3H2(g) → 2NH3(g)

According to the balanced equation, 1 mole of nitrogen reacts with 3 moles of hydrogen to produce 2 moles of ammonia. From the given information, we know that 6.4 cm3 of nitrogen (N2) is consumed.

To calculate the volume of ammonia produced, we need to use the stoichiometric ratio between nitrogen and ammonia. From the balanced equation, we can see that the ratio is 1:2. Therefore, for every 1 cm3 of nitrogen consumed, 2 cm3 of ammonia will be produced.

Using this ratio, we can calculate the volume of ammonia produced as follows:

Volume of ammonia = (Volume of nitrogen consumed) × (2 cm3 of ammonia / 1 cm3 of nitrogen)

Volume of ammonia = 6.4 cm3 × 2 cm3/cm3

Volume of ammonia = 12.8 cm3

Therefore, 12.8 cm3 of ammonia would be produced by the reaction when 6.4 cm3 of nitrogen is consumed.

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Answer:

340 grams Ca₃P₂ (2 sig. figs.)

Explanation:

   3Ca     +     2P     =>    Ca₃P₂

5.6 mole + excess =>   ? grams

Convert the 'known' to a coefficient of 1 by dividing all coefficients by 3.

=>  Ca   +   2/3P   =>    1/3Ca₃P₂

From the above, 1 mole of Ca => 1/3 mole Ca₃P₂  

∴ 5.6 mole Ca in an excess of P => 1/3(5.6 mole) Ca₃P₂

=> 1.8666 mol Ca₃P₂ (calculator answer) ≅ 1.9 mol Ca₃P₂

=> 1.9 mole x 182 g Ca₃P₂/mol Ca₃P₂ = 339.73333 grams Ca₃P₂

≅ 340 grams Ca₃P₂ (2 sig. figs.)

By following serial dilution method, you can achieve the desired concentrations using small volumes while ensuring accurate dilution ratios. It is essential to handle the small volumes carefully and accurately to maintain the desired concentrations throughout the dilution process.

To perform a serial dilution with small volumes, such as in this case where measuring less than 1µL is not possible, we can use a stepwise dilution approach.

Start with the initial concentration of 14.2mM in 1mL of stock media.

To prepare the first dilution of 10µM, transfer 1µL from the stock solution and add it to 99µL of a diluent (such as water or buffer). This results in a 100µL solution with a concentration of 10µM.

For subsequent dilutions, repeat the same process. Take 1µL from the previous dilution and add it to 99µL of diluent.

Repeat step 3 for each desired concentration. For example, to obtain a concentration of 5µM, take 1µL from the 10µM solution and add it to 99µL of diluent.

Continue this stepwise dilution process until you reach the final desired concentrations: 2.5µM, 1µM, 750nM, 500nM, 250nM, 100nM, 50nM, and 10nM.

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The pH of the solution is 9.95.

The reaction that explains this is given as NH4+ + OH- → NH3 + H2O

The pH of a solution with equal amounts of NH4Cl and NH3 is 12.21.

To solve this problem, we need to first write out the balanced chemical equation for the reaction between NH4Cl and NH3:

NH4Cl + NH3 ⇌ NH4+ + NH2Cl

Next, we need to write out the equilibrium expression:

Kb = [NH4+][OH-]/[NH3]

Since we are given the concentration of NH4Cl and NH3, we can use the initial concentrations to calculate the equilibrium concentrations of NH4+, NH2Cl, and NH3:

[NH4+] = 0.1 M × (0.1 L / 0.18 L) = 0.056 M

[NH2Cl] = 0.056 M

[NH3] = 0.2 M × (0.08 L / 0.18 L) = 0.089 M

Using the equilibrium expression and the value of Kb, we can solve for the concentration of hydroxide ions:

Kb = [NH4+][OH-]/[NH3]

1.79 × 10^-5 = (0.056 M)(x) / (0.089 M)

x = 1.13 × 10^-5 M

Finally, we can use the concentration of hydroxide ions to calculate the pH of the solution:

pH = 14 - pOH = 14 - (-log10(1.13 × 10^-5)) = 9.95

Therefore, the pH of the solution is 9.95.

If some NaOH is added to the solution but the pH barely changes, it means that the added NaOH is being neutralized by the NH4+ ions in the solution, forming more NH3 and water:

NH4+ + OH- → NH3 + H2O

This reaction helps to buffer the pH of the solution.

To calculate the pH of a solution with equal amounts of NH4Cl and NH3, we can use the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation:

pH = pKa + log([A-]/[HA])

where A- is the conjugate base of the acid, NH4+, and HA is the acid, NH3.

The pKa of NH4+ is given by:

pKa = pKw - pKb = 14 - 1.79 = 12.21

At the halfway point, the concentration of NH4+ and NH3 are equal:

[NH4+] = [NH3]

Substituting these values into the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation, we get:

pH = 12.21 + log(1) = 12.21

Therefore, the pH of a solution with equal amounts of NH4Cl and NH3 is 12.21.

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Natural resources are those that are accessible without human intervention. Like the sun, the atmosphere, the air, the water, the land, the mines, the vegetation, and animal life.

Renewable resources :

Non Renewable resources :

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Answer:

Both chlorine \({\rm Cl_2}\, (g)\) and hydrogen chloride \({\rm HCl}\, (g)\).

Concentrated sulfuric acid should not be used to dry ammonia because ammonia itself would react with sulfuric acid.

Explanation:

Keep in mind that concentrated sulfuric acid is:

Because of its acidity, concentrated sulfuric acid will readily react with gases that form basic solutions when mixed with water. Therefore, concentrated sulfuric acid should not be used to dry those gases. Neither should concentrated sulfuric acid be used to dry gases that might lose electrons to concentrated sulfuric acid. Otherwise, a significant portion of those gas would be consumed in those unexpected chemical reactions.

Ammonia is one such gas. Because the solubility of ammonia in water is remarkably high, the humid ammonia gas in this question would likely exist in the form \(\rm NH_4OH\). When that gas comes into contact with sulfuric acid \(\rm H_2SO_4\), the following reaction could take place:

\(\rm 2\, NH_4OH + H_2SO_4 \to (NH_4)_2 SO_4 + 2\, H_2O\).

As long as concentrated sulfuric acid isn't used up, very little ammonia would exit from the other side of the drying apparatus. Hence, concentrated sulfuric acid shouldn't be used to dry ammonia.

Concentrated sulfuric acid does not react with chlorine or HCl under typical lab conditions. Therefore, it should be possible to dry chlorine \({\rm Cl_2}\, (g)\) and \({\rm HCl}\, (g)\) with concentrated sulfuric acid in a lab.

Answer:

the covalent molecule has OA.A

D is the answer .. I have send u pic also

Explanation:

Commonly used drying agents in organic laboratories are calcium chloride, sodium sulfate, calcium sulfate and magnesium sulfate all in their anhydrous form.

Answer:

An experiment can not prove a cause and effect relationship. However, given a "cause and effect" hypothesis, an experiment can demonstrate results consistent with the hypothesis

Explanation:

Answer:

An experiment can not prove a cause and effect relationship. However, given a "cause and effect" hypothesis, an experiment can demonstrate results consistent with the hypothesis. (That's what I got)

Wavelength (L) is calculated using: L = gT²/2π, here g=9.8 m/s2 and T is wave period in seconds.

Wavelength of a wave describes how long the wave is and the distance from the "crest" (top) of one wave to the crest of next wave is called wavelength. We can also measure from the "trough" (bottom) of one wave to trough of next wave and get the same value for the wavelength.

We measure wavelength in following ways:

Use photometer to measure the energy of wave.

Convert energy into joules (J).

Divide energy by Planck's constant, 6.626 x 10⁻³⁴, to get the frequency of  wave.

Divide speed of light, ~300,000,000 m/s, by frequency to get wavelength.

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Answer:

Filtration is the answer

Answer:

C. Transition metals

Explanation:

Out of the answers transition metals have the most elements on the periodic table.    

Answer:

exo means energy is released when delta h is + it is endo and when energy is on the reactants side that is energy introduced so endo as well so when energy shows up on the product side that is the exo one

so it is C as that E is listed as a product therefore released

Explanation:

The energy-level diagram for a quantum system with allowed energies of 0.0 eV, 4.0 eV, and 6.0 eV can be represented with three levels. Each level is labeled with its corresponding energy and quantum number.

The energy-level diagram is a visual representation of the allowed energies of a quantum system. In this case, the system has three distinct energy levels: 0.0 eV, 4.0 eV, and 6.0 eV. Each level represents a specific energy state that the system can possess. To draw the energy-level diagram, we can use a vertical axis to represent the energy values and label each level accordingly.

Starting from the bottom, the first level would be labeled as the ground state with an energy of 0.0 eV. This is the lowest energy state that the system can occupy and is often assigned the quantum number n=1. The next energy level, located above the ground state, would be labeled with an energy of 4.0 eV.

This level corresponds to an excited state of the system and can be assigned a higher quantum number, such as n=2. Finally, the highest energy level in the diagram would be labeled with an energy of 6.0 eV, representing another excited state with higher energy than the previous one.

In summary, the energy-level diagram for the given quantum system consists of three levels: the ground state at 0.0 eV, an excited state at 4.0 eV, and another excited state at 6.0 eV. These levels provide a visual representation of the allowed energies and can be labeled with their corresponding energy values and quantum numbers.

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a) The Lennard-Jones potential predicts the separation r_eq at the minimum energy U_min.

b) The U_min for this interaction at T=298 K is the value obtained from the Lennard-Jones potential equation when r=r_eq.

c) The ratio of U_min to the purely attractive van der Waals component of the interaction potential at r_eq can be calculated by comparing the attractive part (-A/r^6) to the total potential energy U_min.

d) The ratio of r_eq to r_0, where u(r_0)=0.4, can be determined by finding the value of r_eq where the potential energy is equal to 0.4 times the total potential energy at r=r_0.

e) The ratio of r_s to r_0, where r_s is the separation where the magnitude of the attractive adhesion force is maximum, can be determined by finding the value of r where the derivative of the potential energy with respect to r is equal to zero.

f) The value of F_max between the two atoms can be obtained by taking the negative derivative of the potential energy equation with respect to r and evaluating it at r=r_s.

a) The Lennard-Jones potential provides information about the relationship between energy and separation between two interacting atoms.

At the minimum energy (U_min), the potential predicts the separation r_eq, which corresponds to the equilibrium distance between the atoms. This is the distance at which the energy of the system is at its lowest point.

b) To determine the value of U_min at a given temperature (T=298 K), you can substitute the equilibrium separation r_eq into the Lennard-Jones potential equation and calculate the resulting energy value.

This will give you the U_min for the interaction.

c) The Lennard-Jones potential consists of two components: an attractive component (-A/r^6) and a repulsive component (B/r^12).

The ratio of U_min to the purely attractive van der Waals component of the interaction potential at r_eq can be calculated by comparing the magnitude of the attractive component to the total potential energy at the equilibrium separation.

This ratio provides insights into the relative contribution of the attractive force to the overall potential energy at equilibrium.

d) The ratio of r_eq to r_0 can be determined by finding the value of r_eq where the potential energy is equal to 0.4 times the total potential energy at r=r_0.

In other words, you need to solve the Lennard-Jones potential equation for r_eq when the potential energy is equal to 0.4 times the potential energy at r=r_0.

e) The ratio of r_s to r_0 is obtained by finding the value of r where the magnitude of the attractive adhesion force is maximum.

This can be determined by finding the separation r where the derivative of the potential energy equation with respect to r is equal to zero.

The value of r_s represents the separation at which the attractive force between the atoms is strongest.

f) The value of F_max between the two atoms can be obtained by taking the negative derivative of the Lennard-Jones potential energy equation with respect to r and evaluating it at r=r_s.

This will give you the magnitude of the maximum attractive adhesion force between the atoms.

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Answer:

One mole of copper atoms has Avogadro number of copper atoms i.e. 6.022×10

23

 atoms.

Given the mass of Copper is 6.4g

Number of Copper atoms in 6.4g =

molar mass

given mass

​

×Avogadro number

                                                       =

63.55

6.4

​

×6.022×10

23

 copper atoms

                                                       =6.064×10

22

 copper atoms

Explanation:

The portion of energy from the Sun that reaches the Earth​ is known as

electromagnetic spectrum.

Energy transfer from objects in space such as the Sun usually reach the

earth through the process known as radiation. The energy is referred to as

electromagnetic energy.

Components of the electromagnetic spectrum are:

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A polymer-based material can be characterized using various techniques and instruments.

Here's how to determine whether the polymer is a thermoset, the amount of filler present in it, what the filler is, and the quantity of antioxidants and UV absorbents present:

1. To determine if the polymer is a thermoset, heat it. Thermosets don't melt, but thermoplastics do.

2. To determine the amount of filler in the polymer, weigh a sample of the polymer and then burn it. The residue will be the filler. Subtract the residue's mass from the polymer's initial weight to determine the filler's weight.

3. To determine what filler is present, observe the residue after burning.

4. UV absorbents can be detected using UV-Vis Spectroscopy, while antioxidants can be determined using FTIR Spectroscopy.

5. To determine if the material has dye or pigment coloring, use colorimetry to measure its color, then compare it to the reference color of the polymer. If the color is different, it has dye or pigment coloring.

6. The polymer's thermoset can be identified using Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) to examine the melting temperature, which is unique to each thermoset.

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A distillation flask should never be more than ¾ full before starting a distillation because there needs to be enough room for the vapors to rise without being hindered by the liquid in the flask. During distillation, the liquid in the flask is heated, causing it to vaporize and rise into the condenser where it cools and condenses back into a liquid.

If the flask is too full, the vapors will have a harder time rising up through the liquid and could potentially cause the flask to boil over, which can be dangerous and could result in a loss of product. Additionally, if the flask is too full, there may not be enough space for the vapors to separate properly.

During fractional distillation, different compounds have different boiling points, so as the vapors rise and condense, they separate into different fractions based on their boiling points. If the flask is too full, the fractions may not be able to separate effectively, leading to impure products.

Therefore, it is important to always leave enough space in the distillation flask to allow for proper vaporization, and separation, and to prevent potential hazards.

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The order of increasing strength of intermolecular forces can be determined by considering the molecular structure, molecular weight, and polarity of the compounds. The compounds are:

What do mean by intermolecular forces?

Intermolecular forces are the attractive or repulsive forces that exist between molecules in a substance. These forces arise due to the interaction of the electric charges present on the molecules. Intermolecular forces are responsible for many of the physical properties of a substance, such as boiling point, melting point, viscosity, and surface tension.

The ranking of the compounds based on the strength of their intermolecular forces, from weakest to strongest, is as follows:

Methane is a nonpolar molecule, and its only intermolecular force is London dispersion forces, which are relatively weak compared to the other intermolecular forces.

Ethanol is a polar molecule that has hydrogen bonding, dipole-dipole interactions, and London dispersion forces. However, its intermolecular forces are weaker than those of propanone and ethanoic acid due to its smaller size.

Propanone is a polar molecule that has dipole-dipole interactions and London dispersion forces. It is larger than ethanol, so its intermolecular forces are stronger than ethanol's.

Ethanoic acid is a polar molecule that has hydrogen bonding, dipole-dipole interactions, and London dispersion forces. The presence of hydrogen bonding in ethanoic acid gives it the strongest intermolecular forces out of the four compounds.

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Answer:

The chemical equation needs to be balanced so that it follows the law of conservation of mass.

Explanation:

Explanation:

the chemical equation needs to be balance so that it follows the law of conservation of mass. a balance chemical equation occurs when the number of the different atoms of elements to the reactants side is equal to that of the product side. balancing chemical equation is a process of trial and error .

Answer: The Mass of an electron is 9.1093837 x 10^-31 kgs

Explanation:

Answer:

Frequency is 2Hz

Explanation:

Explanation:

Crystals often form in nature when liquids cool and start to harden. Certain molecules in the liquid gather together as they attempt to become stable. They do this in a uniform and repeating pattern that forms the crystal. In nature, crystals can form when liquid rock, called magma, cools.

Answer: Crystals often form in nature when liquids cool and start to harden. Certain molecules in the liquid gather together as they attempt to become stable. They do this in a uniform and repeating pattern that forms the crystal. In nature, crystals can form when liquid rock, called magma, cools.

Explanation: Can i have BrainLiest

Amount of calcium chloride ( \(CaCl_{2}\) ) there are 0.8575 moles of \(CaCl_2\) in 4.90 L of 0.175 M \(CaCl_2\)solution. Amount of \(NaNO_3\) there are 0.5625 moles of \(NaNO_3\) in 225 mL of 2.50 M \(NaNO_3\)solution.

For the first part:

Given, volume of \(CaCl_{2}\) solution = 4.90 L

Concentration of \(CaCl_{2}\) solution = 0.175 M

To find the amount of calcium chloride (\(CaCl_{2}\)) in the solution, we need to multiply the volume of the solution with the concentration of the solution. The unit of the answer will be moles (mol).

Amount of \(CaCl_{2}\) = Volume of solution × Concentration of solution

Amount of \(CaCl_{2}\) = 4.90 L × 0.175 mol/L

Amount of \(CaCl_{2}\) = 0.8575 mol

Therefore, there are 0.8575 moles of \(CaCl_{2}\) in 4.90 L of 0.175 M \(CaCl_{2}\) solution.

For the second part:

Given, volume of \(NaNO_3\) solution = 225 mL = 0.225 L

Concentration of \(NaNO_3\) solution = 2.50 M

To find the amount of Sodium nitrate (\(NaNO_3\)) in the solution, we need to multiply the volume of the solution with the concentration of the solution. The unit of the answer will be moles (mol).

Amount of \(NaNO_3\) = Volume of solution × Concentration of solution

Amount of \(NaNO_3\) = 0.225 L × 2.50 mol/L

Amount of \(NaNO_3\) = 0.5625 mol

Therefore, there are 0.5625 moles of \(NaNO_3\) in 225 mL of 2.50 M \(NaNO_3\) solution.

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Given data:H2O vapor content: 13 gramsH2O vapor capacity: 52 grams at 25 degrees Celsius 13 grams at 10∘C52 grams at 30∘CFormula used to find the dew point:$$\dfrac{13}{52}=\dfrac{(A*3\pi)/(ln100)}{(17.27-A)}$$$$\frac{1}{4}=\dfrac{(A*3\pi)/(ln100)}{(17.27-A)}$$

Where A is the constantDew Point:It is the temperature at which air becomes saturated with water vapor when the temperature drops to a point where dew, frost or ice forms. To solve this question, substitute the given data into the formula.$$13/52=\dfrac{(A*3\pi)/(ln100)}{(17.27-A)}$$$$13(17.27-A)=3\pi A(ln100)$$By simplifying the above expression, we get$$A^2-17.27A+64.78=0$$Using the quadratic formula, we get$$A=9.9,7.4$$

The dew point is 7.4 since it is less than 10°C.More than 100:The term "More than 100" has not been used in the question provided.

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