an ideal spring is used to fire a 15.0 g pellet horizontally. the spring has a spring constant of 20 n/m and is initially compressed by 7.0 cm. the kinetic energy of the pellet as it leaves the spring is:

Answer:

C.

Explanation:

As should have been explained at the very start of the lesson, it states "Whatever goes up, must come down."

Answer:

C

Explanation:

Answer:

3a. 240 C

3b. 3666.67 A

Explanation:

3a. Determination of the charge.

Current (I) = 2 A

Time (t) = 120 s

Charge (Q) =?

The charge, current and time are related by the following equation:

Charge (Q) = current (I) × time (t)

Q = It

With the above formula, we can obtain the charge as follow:

Current (I) = 2 A

Time (t) = 120 s

Charge (Q) =?

Q = It

Q = 2 × 120

Q = 240 C

Thus, the charge is 240 C

3b. Determination of the current

We'll begin by converting 220 KC to C. This can be obtained as follow:

1 KC = 1000 C

Therefore,

220 KC = 220 KC × 1000 C / 1 KC

220 KC = 220000 C

Next, we shall express 1 minute in second. This is shown below:

1 min = 60 s

Finally, we shall determine the current. This can be obtained as follow:

Charge (Q) = 220000 C

Time (t) = 60 s

Current (I) =?

Q = It

220000 = I × 60

Divide both side by 60

I = 220000 / 60

I = 3666.67 A

Thus, the current flowing through the bulb is 3666.67 A

If log 3 4 = 1. 2619, then the solution to the equation above, which evaluates log 3 0, 25, is -1. 2619.

When one assess something or someone, then take them into account in order to form an opinion on them, such as whether or not they are good or terrible. It's challenging to assess the state of the market. Synonyms: evaluate, rank, value, and decide More alternatives to analyze. to evaluate or determine the degree, significance, scope, or worth of something: Doctors assess the patient's health. He was only genuinely content while working alone since then he had complete control over the strategy and the dangers.

Convert decimal to fraction:

log₃ 25/100

Reduce the fraction:

log₃ 1/4

Round the number:

=-1.2619

hence, its evaluate -1.2619 when If log 3 4=1. 2619.

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The wavelength of the light sensor is 15.23 × 10^ -7.

E = h c / λ

\(1.30 * 1.6 * 10^{-19} = 6.6 * 10^{-34} * 3 * 10 ^ {8}/\) λ

λ = 15.23 *\(10^{-7\) 

What is a photon?

We are aware that photons have their own energy. The wavelength has no bearing on the amount of energy because the energy is inversely proportional to the electromagnetic frequency of the photon.

The photon's energy will be high if its frequency is high. Therefore, we can conclude that a photon's energy is lower if its wavelength is longer.

We can claim that a more powerful red light than a less intense blue light can deliver more power to a certain location. We are aware that photon energy is measured in joules and electron volts (eV).

The equation E=hf describes the photon's energy.

where E is the energy of a photon, h is Planck's constant, and f is the electromagnetic frequency.

The given equation holds true for a single photon. E = n* h* f is the formula for the number of photons that are emitted when there are more than n photons.

Depending on the unit system being used, energy is measured in Joules or electron volts (eV).

Joules equal 6.24 x 1018 eV.

The large units aid in describing the photon energy with higher energy and frequency for radiations like gamma rays.

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The cardiovascular control center in the medulla receives input from the glossopharyngeal and vagus nerves.

The cardiovascular control center in the medulla receives input from various sources, including the baroreceptors, chemoreceptors, and proprioceptors.

These receptors provide information about blood pressure, oxygen levels, and body position to the cardiovascular control center, which then sends out appropriate signals to regulate heart rate, blood pressure, and other cardiovascular functions.

The glossopharyngeal and vagus nerves supply it with sensory information regarding blood pressure and cardiac function, and its output triggers sympathetic stimulation of the heart or blood vessels through the upper thoracic lateral horn.

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Glossopharyngeal and vagus nerves provide input to the medulla's cardiovascular control centre.

Baroreceptors, chemoreceptors, and proprioceptors are a few of the sources of information that the cardiovascular control centre in the medulla gets.

The cardiovascular control centre receives information from these receptors regarding blood pressure, oxygen levels, and body posture and uses that information to deliver the proper signals to control heart rate, blood pressure, and other cardiovascular processes.

It receives sensory information about blood pressure and cardiac function through the glossopharyngeal and vagus nerves, and its output causes sympathetic stimulation of the heart or blood vessels through the upper thoracic lateral horn.

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Answer:

battery

Explanation:

A battery contains stored chemical energy and converts it to electrical energy. (cK.12)

Answer:

battery is the correct answer for this question

The time taken by the ball to reach the surface of the moon that drops from a height of 1.5 m from the moon is 1.36s.

Given that the acceleration of gravity on the surface of the moon is, \(a=g=1.62 ms^{-2}\). The distance of the ball from the surface is the height of the ball from the surface. So, \(h=d=1.5 m\).

Since the ball is dropped under gravity or free-fall motion from rest, then the initial velocity is zero (i.e.) \(v=0ms^{-1}\). Let t be the time taken by the ball to reach the surface of the moon.

By the equation of motion, the equation is given by \(h=v_{0} t+\frac{1}{2}gt^{2}\), where g is the gravity, t is the time taken by an object, h is the distance of the object, and \(v_{0}\) is the initial velocity of an object from the rest.

Substitute the values of h, g, and \(v_{0}\) in the above equation, and we get

\(1.5=(0)t+\frac{1}{2}(1.62)t^{2}\)

\(1.5=0.81t^{2}\)

\(t^{2} =\frac{1.5}{0.81}\)

\(t^2=1.852\)

\(t=\pm1.36s\)

The time taken cannot be negative.

Therefore, The time taken by the ball to reach the surface of the moon is 1.36s.

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Answer:

7 volts

Explanation:

Applying,

E = IR+Ir................ Equation 1

Where E = electromotive force of the cell, I = current. R = External resistance, r = internal resistance.

From the question,

Given: I = 2 amperes, R = 3 ohm, r = 0.5 ohm

Substitute these values into equation 1

E = (2×3)+(2×0.5)

E = 6+1

E = 7 volts

 The charge Q is uniformly distributed throughout the sphere. The correct answer is (B)

When a solid conducting sphere is given a positive charge Q, the charge will distribute itself evenly throughout the surface of the sphere due to the repulsion of like charges. This is known as the "Faraday's ice pail experiment".

According to the principle of electrostatics, the charge on a conductor always resides on its surface and distributes itself in a way that the electric field inside the conductor is zero. Since the charge on a conductor always resides on its surface, it follows that the charge Q in this case must be uniformly distributed throughout the surface of the sphere.

Option (A) is not true because the charge is not concentrated at the center of the sphere. If the charge was concentrated at the center of the sphere, the electric field would not be zero inside the conductor, which contradicts the principle of electrostatics.

Option (C) and (D) are not true because the density of the charge does not change radially outward from the center. If the density decreased or increased radially outward, the electric field inside the conductor would not be zero, which again contradicts the principle of electrostatics.

Option (E) is not true because the charge is distributed throughout the entire volume of the sphere, not just on its surface. A solid conductor has free charges that can move throughout its entire volume, so the charge will distribute itself throughout the entire volume of the sphere until the electric field inside the conductor is zero.

Therefore, the correct answer is (B) it is uniformly distributed throughout the sphere.

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The velocity after 2 seconds is 26 m/s. It takes 11.50 seconds to reach a velocity of 40m/s.

Given the equation s(t) = 6t + 5t²

Let's find the velocity after 2 seconds.

(a) Velocity = (ds)/(dt)

Differentiating s(t) with respect to t, we get; ds(t) / dt = 6 + 10t

At t = 2,ds(t) / dt = 6 + 10t = 6 + 10(2) = 26m/s

Therefore, the velocity after 2 seconds is 26 m/s.

(b) We are to find how long it takes for the velocity to reach 40m/s. We know that the initial velocity of the ball, u = 6m/s. Acceleration = gsinθ = 9.81 x sin (angle of inclination) = 9.81 x 0.3 = 2.943 m/s²From the first equation of motion, v = u + at

We know v = 40m/s, u = 6m/s, a = 2.943m/s² and t is what we are to find, hence the equation becomes;40 = 6 + 2.943(t)t = (40 - 6) / 2.943t = 11.50s

Therefore, it takes 11.50 seconds to reach a velocity of 40m/s.

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Answer:

Option D. 5.45 Ω

Explanation:

From the question given above, the following data were obtained:

Resistance 1 (R₁) = 10 Ω

Resistance 2 (R₂) = 20 Ω

Resistance 3 (R₃) = 30 Ω

Voltage (V) = 120 V

Equivalent resistance (R) =?

The equivalent resistance can be obtained as follow:

1/R = 1/R₁ + 1/R₂ + 1/R₃

1/R = 1/10 + 1/20 + 1/30

Find the least common multiple (lcm) of 10, 20 and 30. The result is 60

Divide 60 by each of the denominators and multiply by their numerators respectively. We have:

1/R = (6 + 3 + 2)/60

1/R = 11/60

Invert

R = 60/11

R = 5.45 Ω

Thus, the equivalent resistance in the circuit is 5.45 Ω

Answer:

To summarize, an object moving in uniform circular motion is moving around the perimeter of the circle with a constant speed. While the speed of the object is constant, its velocity is changing. Velocity, being a vector, has a constant magnitude but a changing direction.

Explanation:

Speed refers to how fast an object is moving. It can be thought of as the rate at which an object covers distance.

Velocity refers to the rate at which an object changes its position. If you picture a person moving rapidly - one step forward and one step back- always returning to the original starting position, the speed is very rapid, but the velocity is zero. Because the person always returns to the original position, this motion would bébé result in a change in position. Since velocity is defined as the rate at which the position changes, this motion results in zero velocity. To maximize velocity, every effort must be made to maximize the amount an object is displaced from its original position. Every movement should be moving the object further from where it started. Velocity is DIRECTION AWARE. When evaluating the velocity of an object, you have to keep track of direction. This is one of the essential differences between speed and velocity: speed does not keep track of direction, while velocity is directionally aware.

So, when the moon moves around the Earth, the speed remains constant, but since it's moving in an elliptical orbit, it's direction is constantly changing.

The specific gravity can be calculated by dividing the density of a substance by the density of water. This can be done using the formula is Specific gravity = density of substance / density of water On the other hand, a hydrometer is a device that is used to measure the specific gravity of a liquid.

It works on the principle of buoyancy, where a submerged object experiences an upward force equal to the weight of the liquid it displaces. The calculated specific gravity and the hydrometer reading should be very close to each other. There may be slight differences due to factors such as temperature, calibration errors, and the accuracy of the instruments used.

Both the calculated specific gravity and the hydrometer reading provide information about the density of a liquid, but the hydrometer is a more precise method of measurement as it takes into account any variations in temperature and calibration errors.

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No two electrons can have the same set of quantum numbers .

Pauli made a significant advance when he proposed the notion of adding a fourth quantum number to the three that were previously used to represent the quantum state of an electron. Physically speaking, the first three quantum numbers made sense since they had to do with how the electron moved about the nucleus.

The following rule was developed by Austrian physicist Wolfgang Pauli. The quantum numbers of any two electrons cannot be identical.

To put it another way, no two electrons can be in the same state. The Pauli exclusion principle is the name given to this proposition since it forbids electrons from being in the same state.

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Since chloride ions are not part of the ionic equilibrium, addition of chloride ions will only increase the concentration of the anions in the solution.

An ionic equilibrium is an equilibrium that exists between two or more ions in an aqueous solution.

The ionic equilibrium between iron (iii) ion and thiocyanate ions is given below:

\(Fe^{3+}\rightleftharpoons SC \: N^{-}\)

From the principle of equilibrium, addition of either ions in the ionic equilibrium will alter equilibrium position to the left or right.

Addition of chloride ions, Cl- which is not a part of the ionic equilibrium will only increase the concentration of the anions in the solution.

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The chloride ions are not part of the ionic equilibrium, adding them to the solution will merely raise the concentration of anions.

When a chemical reaction does not convert all reactants to products, it reaches equilibrium. Many processes attain a state of balance, or dynamic equilibrium, in which both reactants and products are present.

The following is the ionic equilibrium between iron (III) ion+ and thiocyanate ions:

\(\rm Fe^{3+} \rightleftharpoons SC \ N^{-}\)

The addition of either ion in the ionic equilibrium will shift the equilibrium position to the left or right, according to the principle of equilibrium.

The inclusion of chloride ions, Cl-, which are not components of the ionic equilibrium, increases the levels of anions in the solution.

Thus, the chloride ions are not part of the ionic equilibrium, adding them to the solution will merely raise the concentration of anions.

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After the collision, the two cars stick together. Find the final velocity of the two cars would be 0.667 meters per second as per the conservation of the momentum after the collision.

It is the type of collision in which the total momentum as well as the kinetic energy on the system is conserved.

As given in the problem we have to find the velocity of the two cars if, after the collision, the two cars stick together,

As per the conservation of the momentum,

The total initial momentum of the cars before the collision = The total final momentum of the cars after the collision

1 × 2 + 2 × 0  = ( 1 + 2 ) × V

2 + 0 = 3 × V

V = 2 / 3

V = 0.667 meters per second

Thus, after the collision, the two cars stick together, then the final velocity of the two cars would be 0.667 meters per second

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1.Explain how you calculate the net force in any direction on the box.

If the two horizantal (left to right) forces act on an object in opposite directions and they don't exactly cancel out, what is left over is the net force In the diagram, the net force is 50 Newtons.

The equation you have to do (100 N - 50 N = 50 N).

If the two vertical (up and down) forces act on an object in opposite directions and they do cancel out, what is left over is the net force In the diagram, the net force is 0 Newtons. The equation you have to do. (25 N - 25 N = 0 N)

Final Answer: 50 N

2.Suppose an upward force of 15 N is added to the box. What will be the net vertical force on the box?

The net vertical force ( up and down) would be 15 N  

3.What force could be applied to the box to make the net force in the horizontal direction zero? Explain.

You could apply another horizontal (left to right) force of 50 N then the horizontal net force would be 0 N

4.Suppose a force of 25 N to the right is added to the box. What will be the net force to the right?

If suppose I say I added a horizontal (left to right) net force of 25 right next to the 50 N. The net force for the whole box would be 25 N.

1. The net force in any direction is calculated by calculating the net horizontal force and the net vertical force on the box.

Newton's Second Law states that The resultant force acting on an object is proportional to the rate of change of momentum.

The mathematical expression for Newton's second law is as follows

F = ma

2. If an upward force of 15 N is added to the box, then the net vertical force on the box would be 15 N in the upward direction because earlier the net vertical force on the box was 0 N.

3. A force of 50 N to the right could be applied to the box to make the net force in the horizontal direction zero.

4. If a force of 25 N to the right is added to the box then the net force o the right would be 75 N.

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A pilot performs a vertical loop-the-loop at a constant speed. the pilot's head is continually pointing toward the middle of the circle. the blackout much more likely to arise: (b) At the bottom of the loop.

Constant speed is a form of motion that occurs while both the gap traveled by using the object is the same for every second or the velocity of the object adjustments by an equal amount each second. A vehicle preserving a velocity of 20 meters per second as its actions in a straight line for 5 seconds is in regular motion.

However, if the frame is transferring with consistent velocity in a direct line, then no, that body has no acceleration. that is because acceleration measures the trade-in speed, and velocity is the pace with a route. If a frame is shifting with a consistent speed its way that the object is overlaying an equal period of distance within the identical c programming language of the time. The acceleration of an object is the ratio of the rate and the time.

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1. Resistance is the opposition offered in a path of flow of current by the atoms or molecules of the conductor.

Factors on which resistance of a conductor depends are:

2. Rheostat is used to change the resistance without changing the voltage source in an electric circuit.

3.

Given :

\(\dashrightarrow l = 50 m\)

\(\dashrightarrow A = 0.01 {mm}^{2} \)

\(\dashrightarrow A = 0.01 \times {10}^{ - 6} \: {m}^{2} \)

\(\dashrightarrow \rho = 5 \times {10}^{ - 8} \: \Omega \: m\)

We know that,

\( \dashrightarrow R = \rho \dfrac{l}{A}\)

\( \dashrightarrow R = 5 \times {10}^{ - 8} \bigg(\dfrac{50}{0.01 \times {10}^{ - 6} } \bigg)\)

\( \dashrightarrow { \pink{ \underline{ R = 250 \: \Omega }}}\)

The resistance of a conductor is the opposition to the flow of current and depends on the length and area of the material

Resistance is the opposition to the flow of current by the atoms or molecules of the conductor.

The factors on which resistance of a conductor depends are:

A Rheostat is the device used to change the resistance without changing the voltage source in an electric circuit.

The resistanceis given as:

Area = 0.01 square mm = 1.0 × 10^-8 square m

R = (50 × 5 ×10 ^-8 ohm m)/1.0 × 10^-8 square m

Resistance = 250 ohm

Therefore, resistance of a conductor is the opposition to the flow of current.

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To determine which plant is preferable at a discount rate of 5%, we need to calculate the net present value (NPV) for each option. NPV is the difference between the present value of cash inflows and outflows over the lifetime of the project. To determine the minimum price of electricity (per MWh) required to make the coal-fired power plant a good idea at a discount rate of 7%, we need to calculate the levelized cost of electricity (LCOE). LCOE represents the average cost of producing electricity over the lifetime of the project, taking into account all costs and discounting them to present value.

a) Net Present Value (Discount rate: 5%)

For the coal plant:

Initial cost: $6,000,000

Annual cost (fuel and labor): $5,000

Retrofit cost after 20 years: $3,000,000

Lifetime: 30 years

To calculate NPV, we discount the cash flows using the formula:

NPV = -Initial cost + PV(Annual cost) + PV(Retrofit cost)

PV = Cash flow / (1 + discount rate) ^ year

Calculating the NPV for the coal plant:

NPV = -6,000,000 + [5,000 / (1 + 0.05)^1 + 5,000 / (1 + 0.05)^2 + ... + 5,000 / (1 + 0.05)^30] + [3,000,000 / (1 + 0.05)^20]

For the nuclear plant:

Initial cost: $10,000,000

Annual cost (fuel and labor): $3,000

Retrofit cost after 10 years: $2,000,000

Lifetime: 30 years

Calculating the NPV for the nuclear plant follows the same formula as above.

After calculating the NPV for both options, the one with the higher NPV would be preferable.

b) Minimum Price of Electricity (Discount rate: 7%)

To calculate the minimum price of electricity (LCOE) required for the coal-fired power plant to be a good idea at a discount rate of 7%, we need to determine the levelized cost of electricity.

LCOE = (Initial cost + PV(Annual cost) + PV(Retrofit cost)) / Total energy produced over the lifetime

Setting the LCOE equal to the discount rate of 7%, we can solve for the minimum price of electricity required.

Performing the calculations requires specific numerical values for costs, discount rates, and energy production.

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Answer:

9/20

Explanation:

According to this question, Lucy and JoJo need to make 140 cupcakes for the school dance. Lucy made 35 of the cupcakes while JoJo made 42 cupcakes. This means that in total, (42 + 35) cupcakes has been made by both Lucy and JoJo

That is, 77 cupcakes out of 140 has been made. This is 77/140 i.e. 11/20

Since 77/140 cupcakes has been made, Lucy and JoJo still need to make;

140 - 77 = 63 cupcakes to meet up their target for the school dance.

This means that the fraction left is 63/140

63/140 in its lowest term is 9/20

Hence, 9/20 of the cupcakes still need to be made by Lucy and JoJo.

Explanation: 140 - 35 = 105 - 42 = 63

yare yare daze

I use tusk act 4 main

To find Vy and ay when y = 4RE, we need to differentiate the expression for y(t) with respect to time (t).

Given:

y(t) = (RE^(3/2) + (3√g/2)RE^t)^(2/3)

RE = radius of the Earth = 6.38 x 10^6 m

g = acceleration due to gravity = 9.81 m/s^2

First, let's find Vy by differentiating y(t) with respect to t:

Vy = dy/dt.

Taking the derivative of y(t) with respect to t, we get:

dy/dt = (2/3) * (RE^(3/2) + (3√g/2)RE^t)^(-1/3) * [(3√g/2)RE^t * ln(RE) + (3√g/2)RE^t].

Now, let's find ay by differentiating Vy with respect to t:

ay = dVy/dt.

Taking the derivative of Vy with respect to t, we get:

dVy/dt = d^2y/dt^2 = -(2/3) * (RE^(3/2) + (3√g/2)RE^t)^(-4/3) * [(3√g/2)RE^t * ln(RE) + (3√g/2)RE^t]^2 + (2/3) * (RE^(3/2) + (3√g/2)RE^t)^(-1/3) * [(3√g/2)RE^t * ln(RE) + (3√g/2)RE^t * (3√g/2)RE^t * ln(RE) + (3√g/2)RE^t * ln(RE) + (3√g/2)RE^t].

Now, substitute y = 4RE into the expressions for Vy and ay:

Vy = (2/3) * (RE^(3/2) + (3√g/2)RE^t)^(2/3) * [(3√g/2)RE^t * ln(RE) + (3√g/2)RE^t],\

ay = -(2/3) * (RE^(3/2) + (3√g/2)RE^t)^(-4/3) * [(3√g/2)RE^t * ln(RE) + (3√g/2)RE^t]^2 + (2/3) * (RE^(3/2) + (3√g/2)RE^t)^(-1/3) * [(3√g/2)RE^t * ln(RE) + (3√g/2)RE^t * (3√g/2)RE^t * ln(RE) + (3√g/2)RE^t * ln(RE) + (3√g/2)RE^t].

Note that the expressions for Vy and ay are in terms of t. To evaluate them when y = 4RE, we need to find the corresponding value of t using the expression for y(t).

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Answer:

Biosphere

Explanation:

Plants release the biosphere into the atmostphere. :)

The object will travel a distance of 1.6 x 10⁷ meters (or 16,000 kilometers) during the 400 seconds it takes to reach the escape speed.

To solve this problem, we need to use the equation of motion: v = u + at

where:
v = final velocity (which is the escape speed in this case)
u = initial velocity (which is 0, as the object starts from rest)
a = acceleration (which is 20 m/sec)
t = time taken to reach escape speed

We know that the escape speed for the earth is approximately 2.88x10⁴ km/h. To convert this into m/s, we need to divide it by 3.6 (since 1 km/h = 1000 m/3600 s). So, the escape speed in m/s is:

2.88 x 10⁴ km/h ÷ 3.6 = 8000 m/s

Now, we can substitute the given values into the equation of motion:

8000 = 0 + 20t

Simplifying, we get:

t = 400 seconds

So, it will take 400 seconds for the object to reach the escape speed, if it starts from rest and accelerates at 20 m/sec.

To find the distance travelled during this time, we can use the equation of motion:

s = ut + 1/2 at²

where:

s = distance travelled
u = initial velocity (which is 0)
a = acceleration (which is 20 m/sec)
t = time taken to reach escape speed (which is 400 seconds)

Substituting the values, we get:

s = 0 + 1/2 x 20 x (400)²

Simplifying, we get:

s = 1.6 x 10⁷ meters

Therefore, the object will travel a distance of 1.6 x 10⁷ meters (or 16,000 kilometers) during the 400 seconds it takes to reach the escape speed.

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The magnitude of the magnetic flux through the loop is 0

The magnitude of the magnetic flux through a loop can be calculated using the formula:

Φ = B * A * cos(θ)

where:

Φ is the magnetic flux,

B is the magnetic field strength,

A is the area of the loop, and

θ is the angle between the magnetic field and the normal to the loop's surface.

In this case, the magnetic field is perpendicular to the plane of the circular loop, so the angle θ between the magnetic field and the normal to the loop's surface is 90 degrees (cos(90) = 0).

Given:

B = 0.60 T (magnetic field strength)

r = 0.40 m (radius of the circular loop)

The area of the loop can be calculated using the formula for the area of a circle:

A = π * r²

Substituting the given values:

A = π * (0.40 m)²

A = 0.16π m²

Now, we can calculate the magnetic flux:

Φ = B * A * cos(θ)

Φ = 0.60 T * 0.16π m² * cos(90)

Φ = 0.60 T * 0.16π m² * 0

Φ = 0

Therefore, the magnitude of the magnetic flux through the loop is 0.

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Traveling through glass (or water) is not good enough to prevent light from escaping but the use  of a thick solid can be ale to prevent the escape.

Glass and water are said to be thicker and heavier when compared to air. They are known to be very well  denser than air.

Note that the thing that occur is that light slows down if it passes from the a medium that is less dense air into the denser glass or water. This depicts the the ray of light and also makes the ray of light to alter its direction.

Therefore, Traveling through glass (or water) is not good enough to prevent light from escaping but the use  of a thick solid can be ale to prevent the escape.

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Answer:

There is a force

Explanation:

They will attract.

Refer the attachment to understood more clearly.

Note : -

N and S are opposite poles.

Opposite poles attract each other, if there is attraction, force is a also there.