an excess of which water-soluble vitamin results in polycythemia

The most accurate description of what happens when a nerve impulse reaches the transmissive segment of a neuron is (C) When a nerve impulse reaches the transmissive segment of a neuron, calcium diffuses into the neuron, and neurotransmitter is released by exocytosis.

During the transmission of a nerve impulse, an action potential travels down the axon of a neuron. When the action potential reaches the presynaptic terminal (also called the synaptic knob), it triggers the opening of voltage-gated calcium channels. These channels allow calcium ions (Ca2+) to enter the neuron.

The influx of calcium ions into the neuron triggers the movement of synaptic vesicles, which contain neurotransmitter molecules, toward the cell membrane. The vesicles then fuse with the cell membrane and release their neurotransmitter contents into the synapse through a process called exocytosis.

The released neurotransmitter molecules diffuse across the synapse and bind to specific receptors on the postsynaptic neuron, initiating a new electrical signal in the receiving neuron.

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Answer:

Plasma membrane is the outermost layer in cells. It separates the content of cell from their external environment. ... It controls the entry and exit of materials in nd out of cell and hence it is called selectively permeable membrane.

Answer: B. Central nervous system

The most contaminated raw animal products include raw or barely cooked meat and poultry, raw or barely cooked eggs, unpasteurized (raw) milk, and raw shellfish. Vegetables and fruits can also become infected.

Especially unpasteurized (raw) milk, raw seafood, raw or undercooked meat and poultry, eggs, and unpasteurized (raw) milk. Pseudomonas aeruginosa can potentially contaminate fruits and vegetables. a gram-negative bacillus; creates erratic elevated colonies and a water-soluble pigment that ranges in color from green to blue on trypticase soy agar. You will attempt to obtain pure cultures of each organism in your mix throughout the following two labs in order to identify which two bacteria you have. Infectious disorders are frequently spread from one person to another by direct contact with bacteria, viruses, or other organisms. When someone who has the bacterium or virus contacts, kisses, coughs, or sneezes on someone who is not yet done, this can happen. It spreads from one person to another.

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Answer:

mRNA and then amino acids

Explanation:

Codons are triplets (3) bases that code for defined amino acid sequences.

DNA is transcribed into mRNA. The mRNA codons are then translated into amino acid chains that form proteins.

Each codon codes for an amino acid, which is brought to the growing polypeptide chain by tRNAs via complementary base pairing.

Answer:

I learned from recording information

The larger the coefficient of selection, the faster allele frequencies will change via natural selection. The statement is True.

The coefficient of selection (s) represents the strength of selection acting on a particular allele. It indicates the reduction in relative fitness of individuals carrying that allele compared to individuals without the allele. When the coefficient of selection is larger, it indicates stronger selection against the allele.

In natural selection, alleles that confer higher fitness are more likely to increase in frequency over time, while alleles with lower fitness are more likely to decrease in frequency or be eliminated from the population. The larger the coefficient of selection, the greater the difference in fitness between individuals with the allele and those without it, leading to a stronger selective pressure.

Therefore, a larger coefficient of selection accelerates the rate at which allele frequencies change through natural selection, making it more likely for the allele to either increase or decrease in frequency in the population over generations.

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The statement that agave sweetener is more natural than table sugar is true.

Agave sweetener is derived from the sap of the agave plant, making it a plant-based sweetener. It is often marketed as a natural alternative to refined table sugar.

However, the process of producing agave sweeteners involves extracting and refining the sap, which can involve heat treatment and enzymatic processing.

Table sugar, or sucrose, is extracted from sugar cane or sugar beets and undergoes processing to remove impurities and obtain pure sugar crystals.

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Lord Kelvin estimated Earth's age based on thermodynamics, while Charles Darwin argued for a much older age supported by geological evidence and the fossil record.

Assuming it was originally molten and cooling over time. He estimated an age of 20-40 million years, based on the assumption that the Earth was a completely solid, homogenous sphere. Charles Darwin, on the other hand, used evidence from geology and biology to support his conclusion that the Earth was much older than previously thought. He observed the gradual accumulation of sedimentary rocks and the slow process of erosion, which suggested a much longer timescale than Kelvin's estimate. Additionally, the fossil record showed a long history of life on Earth, further supporting an old age for the planet.

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Answer:

It removes H20 from the atmosphere during glycolysis.

The true statements regarding the hole in the ozone layer are:

a. The Montreal Protocol is the agreement to reduce the use of CFCs.

b. The hole in the ozone layer is located over Antarctica in the southern hemisphere.

c. The hole in the ozone layer is caused by chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) emitted by some industrial practices.

The false statements are:

d. The Kyoto Protocol is the agreement to reduce the use of CFCs. (The Kyoto Protocol primarily focused on reducing greenhouse gas emissions, not specifically targeting CFCs.)

e. The hole in the ozone layer is located over eastern Europe in the northern hemisphere.

f. The hole in the ozone layer is caused by CO₂ and other greenhouse gases. (The hole in the ozone layer is primarily attributed to CFCs and not greenhouse gases like CO₂.)

The Montreal Protocol is indeed an international agreement aimed at reducing the use of substances known as chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs). CFCs are industrial chemicals that were commonly used in various applications such as aerosol propellants, refrigerants, and foam-blowing agents. These chemicals were found to be major contributors to the depletion of the ozone layer.

The hole in the ozone layer refers to a region of significantly depleted ozone concentrations in the Earth's stratosphere. This hole is primarily located over Antarctica in the southern hemisphere. The depletion of the ozone layer is attributed to the release of CFCs into the atmosphere. Once released, these CFCs rise to the stratosphere where they are broken down by ultraviolet (UV) radiation, releasing chlorine atoms. These chlorine atoms catalytically destroy ozone molecules, leading to the formation of the ozone hole.

On the other hand, the Kyoto Protocol, although an important international environmental agreement, primarily focused on reducing greenhouse gas emissions to mitigate climate change. It did not specifically target CFCs or the ozone layer depletion.

Therefore, the true statements are that the Montreal Protocol aims to reduce the use of CFCs and that the hole in the ozone layer is caused by CFC emissions from industrial practices, particularly in the southern hemisphere over Antarctica.

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The three gases that are part of Earth’s cycles in both the atmosphere and biosphere are:

The oxygen,  nitrogen, and carbon dioxide are the three gasses that are constantly moving through the atmosphere and biosphere in their own respective cycles.

The oxygen is used by the animals for breathing, but it is also released as a byproduct by the producers. The nitrogen is used as a food source for the producers, as well as the carbon dioxide which is crucial for the process of photosynthesis.

Thus, Part of them is released through decomposition, part by releasing them in the atmosphere or in the soil.

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Answer:

It's B - carbon dioxide, nitrogen, oxygen

Explanation:

edge

Answer:

D

the answer is D brother

Answer:

your answer is c

Explanation:

I had this question yesterday

The most likely result of a large asteroid hitting Earth is the death of all life in its path (Option c).

An asteroid is a celestial body that travels into space, which may eventually collide with the Earth.

In conclusion, the most likely result of a large asteroid hitting Earth is the death of all life in its path (Option c).

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Answer:

 Albedo is a measure of the reflectivity of an object. Albedo is calculated as the ratio of the amount of radiation (usually sunlight) reflected by the object to the amount of radiation that strikes it.

Explanation:

Answer:

1. Glycolysis

2.false (not sure)

3. Cellular respiration is the process through which cells convert sugars into energy.

4 C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H20 + energy (Glucose + Oxygen yields Carbon Dioxide + Water + Energy)

5. Fermentation is a chemical process by which carbohydrates, such as starch and glucose, are broken down anaerobically.

6 anaerobic

7 alcoholic and lactic acid.

8 Alcoholic fermentation is a biotechnological process accomplished by yeast, some kinds of bacteria, or a few other microorganisms to convert sugars into ethyl alcohol and carbon dioxide. ... Alcoholic fermentation begins with the breakdown of sugars by yeasts to form pyruvate molecules, which is also known as glycolysis.

9 In this reaction, a phosphate group (in red) is transferred from phosphocreatine to ADP to form ATP very rapidly, allowing muscle contraction to continue for about 10 seconds. When phosphocreatine is depleted, the muscles must turn to metabolism of fuel molecules to produce more ATP to power physical activity.

10 At this point, the runners' muscle cells are producing most of their ATP by lactic acid fermentation, which can usually supply enough ATP to last about 90 seconds.

12 After that, the body begins to break down other stored molecules, including fats, for energy. If photosynthesis is the process that "deposits" energy in a "savings account," then what is cellular respiration? It is the process that "withdraws" energy.

13 Cellular Respiration and Photosynthesis are almost opposite processes because photosynthesis removes carbon dioxide from the atmosphere while cellular respiration puts back carbon dioxide. Cellular respiration uses oxygen and has it's waste product of carbon dioxide (CO2).

Explanation:

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The nitrogen cycle consists of the following steps:

The nitrogen cycle is the biogeochemical process through which nitrogen is changed into a variety of chemical forms as it moves across ecosystems in the atmosphere, on land, and in the sea. It is possible to convert nitrogen using both biological and physical methods.

Nitrogen is cycled through the biosphere by four different processes: nitrogen fixation, decay, nitrification, and denitrification.

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There are many different proteins (aquaporins, sodium potassium pump, transporters) that are involved in both active and passive transport across biological membranes.

Active transport:

The enzymes known as ATPases hydrolyze ATP to produce energy for active transport. They can be present in a variety of cell types and are responsible for moving a wide range of ions and molecules across membranes.

The plasma membrane's ion concentration gradients are maintained by the sodium-potassium pump, a kind of ATPase that is present in mammalian cells.

Ion channels are proteins that create membrane pores that permit specific ions to travel down concentration gradients.

Aquaporins are proteins that make it easier for water to passively diffuse through membranes.

Transporters, also known as carriers, are proteins that bind to particular molecules or ions and, by altering their conformation, make it easier for those particles to traverse the membrane.

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The option that does not possess the ability to synthesize its own protein is: a virus.

Proteins are the biomolecules that are necessary for the living body to perform multiple functions. A protein is polymers made up of amino acid monomers. The functions that proteins can perform are varying like: signaling, enzymatic, transport, structural, etc.

Viruses are the acellular components. They are called acellular because they do not follow the cell theory. Viruses do not function outside any living body. However once inside any living host, they exhibit the potential to takeover the machinery of the cell they are present in and synthesize their own viral particles or proteins.

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Answer:

50%

Explanation:

An inversion is a genetic phenomenon that occurs when a chromosome breaks into two genomic sites, thereby the resulting DNA fragment is reversed and subsequently inserted into the same chromosome location. A pericentric inversion occurs when the chromosome breaks are located on opposite arms or sides of the chromosomal centromere. Moreover, crossing over (or recombination) is the exchange of genetic material between non-sister chromatids during gamete production. An inversion carrier, as in this case the woman who is heterozygous for a pericentric inversion, can produce four types of gametes. If there is no crossing over, half the chromatids will produce normal gametes (without the recombination event) and half the chromatids will produce balanced gametes that will transmit the pericentric inverted chromosome. On the other hand, if there is crossing over, half the chromatids will have one duplication on the first chromosome arm together with a deletion on the second chromosome arm, and the remaining half of the chromatids will have an inverse arrangement.

Answer:

Mitochondria

Explanation:

Mitochondria are the power house of cell which produce ATP

False, Diapedesis is not an loss of blood due to hemorrhaging. WBC at the site of infection is known as diapedesis.

What is WBC?

A type of blood cell found in the blood and lymph tissue that is produced in the bone marrow. WBCs are components of the immune system. They aid the body's defence against infection and other diseases. Granulocytes (neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils), monocytes, and lymphocytes are all types of WBCs (T cells and B cells). The number of WBCs in the blood is usually measured as part of a complete blood cell (CBC) test. It can be used to screen for infections, inflammation, allergies, and leukemia. Also known as a leukocyte and a white blood cell.

The squeezing movement of WBC at the site of infection is known as diapedesis. It is the passage of blood or any of its constituents through the intact walls of blood vessels.

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The phase of mitosis with the shortest duration in this organism can be determined by comparing the durations of the four mitotic phases: prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. Interphase is the longest phase overall, accounting for about 90% of the total cell cycle time. If the total cell cycle time for these cells is 16 hours, approximately 14.4 hours would be spent in interphase, and the remaining 10% would be divided among the 4 mitotic phases.

The phase of mitosis with the shortest duration in this organism can be determined by comparing the durations of the four mitotic phases: prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. By observing the durations of these phases in the organism, we can identify the phase with the shortest duration.

To determine which phase is longer overall, mitosis or interphase, we need to compare the total durations of both phases. Interphase is the longest phase, accounting for about 90% of the total cell cycle time. Mitosis, on the other hand, is relatively shorter compared to interphase.

If the total cell cycle time for these cells is 16 hours, we can estimate the time spent in each of the 5 phases. Since interphase accounts for about 90% of the cell cycle, it would be approximately 14.4 hours. The remaining 10% of the cell cycle would be divided among the 4 mitotic phases: prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. To determine the exact time spent in each phase, we would need additional information about the specific durations of these phases in the organism.

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When there is a failure to control the cell cycle, resulting in uncontrolled cell growth it is known as cancer.

Cancer is a multifactorial disease associated with uncontrolled growth of a given cell type, which is generally caused by a failure in the factors that control the progression through the cell cycle. These failures are generated by mutations in the genes that control the cell cycle.

Therefore, with this data, we can see that cancer is caused by uncontrolled cell growth and failure in the genes associated with the control of the cell cycle.

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