a Which elements does a hydrocarbon contain?
b Calculate the empirical formulae of A and B.
c Calculate the molecular formulae of A and B.​

Many island chains were formed as a result of blank volcanism is known as hotspot volcanism.

Hotspot volcanism occurs when a mantle plume, a column of hot and buoyant rock material rising from deep within the Earth's mantle, reaches the surface. These mantle plumes are stationary relative to the moving tectonic plates on the Earth's surface.

As the tectonic plate moves over the stationary hotspot, the mantle plume melts and produces magma. This magma rises through the Earth's crust, creating a volcanic eruption. Over time, repeated eruptions build up layers of lava and volcanic material, forming a cone-shaped volcano. As the tectonic plate continues to move, the volcano becomes inactive, and a new volcano forms above the stationary hotspot.

However, in the case of island chains, the tectonic plate movement carries the volcanoes away from the hotspot. As a result, a trail of extinct volcanoes is left behind, forming a linear chain of islands. Each island in the chain represents a period of volcanic activity at that specific location as the plate moved over the hotspot.

Hotspot volcanism and the formation of island chains provide valuable insights into the dynamics of Earth's mantle and plate tectonics. By studying the age progression of islands in a chain, scientists can gain a better understanding of the movement and speed of tectonic plates and the behavior of mantle plumes deep beneath the Earth's surface.

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A rainbow is produced through a proces that includes refraction, reflection, and dispersion of  sunlight.

A rainbow is formed when sulinght is refracted and reflected by rain drops in the atmospher.

The sunlight is split into its component colors, which is why rainbows appear as having an array of colors. This is due to each color being bent by a different amount during refraction.

The colors of a rainbow are always in the same order, with red on the outside and violet on the inside.

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The correct option for the given question about Buffer Solution is Option B) which is maintains a constant or nearly constant pH when small amounts of strong acids or bases are added.

Thus we conclude that when weak acids or bases are supplied in small amounts, the pH remains steady or almost constant.

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To convert 500 \(cm^{3}\) of 37% hydrochloric acid solution to 1 mol \(dm^{-3}\), we need to first determine the amount of hydrochloric acid present in the initial solution.

37% HCl means that 37 g of HCl is present in every 100 \(cm^{3}\) of the solution. Hence, 500 \(cm^{3}\) of the solution contains 37 × (500/100) = 185 g of HCl.

Since the molecular weight of HCl is 36.5 g/mol, 185 g of HCl is equivalent to 185/36.5 = 5.06 moles of HCl.

Now, to make a 1 mol \(dm^{-3}\) solution, we need to have 1 mole of HCl in every \(dm^{3}\) solution. As 500 cm^3 is equivalent to 0.5 \(dm^{-3}\), we need to add 0.5 - 5.06 = -4.56 \(dm^{-3}\) of water.

Since the volume can't be negative, we need to add 4.56 \(dm^{3}\) of water, which is equal to 4.56 x 1000 = 4560 \(cm^{3}\) of water.

Volume is the amount of space a thing takes up, whereas capacity is a container's quality, specifically the amount of liquid it can hold. For instance, a rectangular aquarium has a capacity of 5 L since it can hold no more water than that amount.

The term "volume" describes how much room a thing occupies. In other words, just as height and breadth are ways to express size, volume is a measure of an object's size. The volume of an object is how much water it can store if it is hollow, or empty. Volume = mass divided by density is the formula for computing a substance's volume given its mass and density.

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Answer:

C₅H₈O₂

Explanation:

methyl methacrylate = 100 amu

6.91g CO₂ = 0.157 moles

2.26g H₂O = 0.125 moles

0.157 ÷ 0.125 = 1.256

{(CO₂)₁.₂₅₆ + (H₂O)₁} × 4 = (CO₂)₅ + (H₂O)₄

C₅H₈O?

C₅ = 60.05 amu H₈ = 8.064 amu

60.05 + 8.064 = 68.114 amu

100 amu - 68.114 amu = 31.886 amu

O = 16 amu

O = 2

The molecular formula of methyl methacrylate is C₅H₈O₂. The correct option is A, C₅H₈O₂.

What is methyl methacrylate?

Methyl methacrylate (MMA) is a colorless liquid monomer with a distinctive fruity odor. It is an organic compound that belongs to the family of acrylic esters.

We have to determine the empirical formula of methyl methacrylate first and then multiply it by the integer n to determine the molecular formula. Empirical formula:

CO₂ and H₂O are the combustion products of methyl methacrylate.

C₅H₈O₂ + (9n / 2)

O₂ → 5CO₂ + (n)H₂O

There are 5 C atoms and (8 + 2n), H atoms in the left and 5 C atoms, and n H atoms in the right.

5C = 5C, and 8 + 2n = nH.

n = 6

Molecular formula calculation is dividing the molecular weight by the empirical formula weight to determine the multiplication factor.

C₅HₙO₂ (empirical formula) has a weight of:

(5 x 12.011) + (8 x 1.008) + (2 x 15.999) = 100.12 g/mol

The actual molecular weight of methyl methacrylate is 100 g/mol.

Therefore, the molecular formula is (C₅H₈O₂) x 1, which is C₅H₈O₂, option A.

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Answer:

one from each parent

Explanation:

Answer:

Container 2 has the lowest average molecular speed

Container 4 has the highest average molecular speed

Explanation:

Step 1: Data given

Atomic mass of Xe = 131.29 g/mol

Container 1: Number of moles Xe = 0.115 moles; volume = 4.87 L; temperature= 446K

Container 2: Number of moles Xe = 0.599 moles; Volume = 5.78 L; temperature= 306K

Container 3: Number of moles Xe = 0.444 moles; Volume = 2.39L; Temperature = 408K

Container 4: Number of moles Xe = 0.556 moles; Volume=2.11L; Temperature =446K

Step 2: Calculate average molecular speed

Average molecular speed V = √(8RT/πM)

→With R = he gas constant expressed in units of J/mol-K

→with T = the temperature in Kelvin

→with M = the molar mass of the gas

Average molecular speed depends on T and M

Since it's all Xenon, M is the samefor the 4 containers

Container 1:

V1 = √(8*8.314*446K/π*131.29)

V1 = 8.48

has an average molecular speed between the highest and the lowest

V2= √(8*8.314*306K/π*131.29)

V2= 7.03

has the lowest average molecular speed

V3 = √(8*8.314*408K/π*131.29)

V3 = 8.11

has an average molecular speed between the highest and the lowest

V4 = √(8*8.314*446K/π*131.29)

V4 = 8.48

Since the volume is smaller than in container 1 the average molecular speed will be a higher

has the highest average molecular speed

Answer:

(a) \(m_{HNO_3}=2412gHNO_3\)

(b) \(Y=80.3\%\)

Explanation:

Hello.

(a) In this case, by starting with 1216 grams of ammonia, we can firstly compute the yielded moles of NO in the first reaction considering the given yield as a fraction (0.962):

\(n_{NO}=1216 g NH_3*\frac{1molNH_3}{17gNH_3}*\frac{4molNO}{4molNH_3}*0.962=68.81molNO\)

Next, in the second chemical reaction we compute the yielded moles of NO₂ with the 91.3-percent:

\(n_{NO_2}=68.81molNO*\frac{2molNO_2}{2molNO}*0.913=62.82molNO_2\)

Finally, for the percent yield of the last chemical reaction and the molar mass of nitric acid (63 g/mol) we compute the yielded grams of nitric acid:

\(m_{HNO_3}=62.82molNO_2*\frac{2molHNO_3}{3molNO_2} *\frac{63gHNO_3}{1molHNO_3}*0.914\\ \\m_{HNO_3}=2412gHNO_3\)

(b) In this case, we compute the moles of NO, NO₂ and the grams of nitric acid as well as the previous literal yet removing the percent yields since we are going to compute theoretical yields:

\(n_{NO}=1216 g NH_3*\frac{1molNH_3}{17gNH_3}*\frac{4molNO}{4molNH_3}=71.53molNO\)

\(n_{NO_2}=71.53molNO*\frac{2molNO_2}{2molNO}=71.53molNO_2\)

\(m_{HNO_3}=71.53molNO_2*\frac{2molHNO_3}{3molNO_2} *\frac{63gHNO_3}{1molHNO_3}*0.914=3004gHNO_3\)

Thus, the overall percent yield is:

\(Y=\frac{2412g}{3004g} *100\%\\\\Y=80.3\%\)

Best regards.

Answer:

3 elements

Explanation:

The elements are:

- Chromium

- Hydrogen

- Oxygen

Answer:

B

Explanation:

B is a personal factor of resilience

The concentration of HBr used in the titration is found to be 0.0978M.

Volume of NaOH used is 27.50ml and it’s molarity used is 0.200M.

Volume of HBr used is 56.20ml.

On comparing molarity of both the solutions, we get the relation

HBr × VHbr  = MNaOH × VNaOH

MHBr = 0.200M × 27.50ml /56.20ml

MHBr = 0.0978M.

A colorless, stifling gas called hydrogen bromide is highly dissociated in water and exceedingly soluble in water. In the presence of damp air, it rapidly fumes. Hydrogen bromide gas is a very caustic chemical that, when contacted, can result in serious burns.

To determine the concentration of an identified analyte, titration is a typical laboratory technique for quantitative chemical analysis. A standard solution with a defined concentration and volume is prepared as a reagent, also known as the titrant.

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When an acid is added to water, hydronium ions are formed.

What happens when the acid is added to water?

The acid has the ability to give protons that is hydrogen ions. When acid is added to water, water acts as base and takes up the protons released by the acid and forms hydronium ions that is H3O+ ions.

This process is exothermic in nature that is it releases heat. So acid is always added to water and not water to acid.

Therefore, when an acid is added to water, it gives hydronium ions in the water.

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Approximately 0.157 liters or 157 milliliters of the 4.50 M HCl solution can be made by mixing the given solutions.

To determine the volume of 4.50 M HCl that can be made by mixing the given solutions, we can use the concept of the concentration-volume relationship:

C1V1 = C2V2

Where:

C1 = concentration of the first solution

V1 = volume of the first solution

C2 = concentration of the second solution

V2 = volume of the second solution

Let's assign the variables as follows:

C1 = 5.65 M

V1 = unknown volume (we'll solve for this)

C2 = 3.55 M

V2 = 250.0 mL = 0.250 L (since the volume is given in milliliters)

Now we can plug in the values into the equation and solve for V1:

(5.65 M)(V1) = (3.55 M)(0.250 L)

Dividing both sides of the equation by 5.65 M:

V1 = (3.55 M)(0.250 L) / 5.65 M

V1 ≈ 0.157 L

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Answer:

787.401575 inches

Answer:

A logic bomb and a time bomb are both types of malicious software or code that are designed to cause harm to a computer system or network. Here's a brief explanation of each:

Logic Bomb:

A logic bomb is a piece of code or software that is intentionally inserted into a system to execute a malicious action when specific conditions are met. It remains dormant until triggered by a predefined event or circumstance, such as a specific date, time, or user action. Once triggered, the logic bomb may perform various harmful actions, such as deleting files, corrupting data, or disrupting system functionality. The purpose of a logic bomb is often to cause damage or to gain unauthorized access to a system.

Time Bomb:

A time bomb is similar to a logic bomb, but it is specifically designed to activate or execute its malicious payload at a certain date or time. It is usually programmed to remain undetected until the predetermined time arrives. The time bomb can be set to trigger after a specific time period or on a particular date, at which point it may carry out destructive actions. Time bombs can be used by attackers to target specific events or to coordinate an attack to occur simultaneously across multiple systems.

Both logic bombs and time bombs are considered forms of malicious code or malware and are used with malicious intent to disrupt, damage, or compromise computer systems or networks. They can be extremely harmful, and it is important to have strong security measures, such as antivirus software and regular system updates, to protect against such threats.

Explanation:

Answer:

A

B that is Cr,MN,Fe,Co. is the correct answer

C

D

Answer:

maalat ang salt

Explanation:

Answer:  In photosynthesis, chlorophyll, water, and carbon dioxide are reactants. GA3P and oxygen are products. In photosynthesis, water, carbon dioxide, ATP, and NADPH are reactants.

Explanation: i don't really know  how i did it

To solve such this we must know the concept of photosynthesis reaction. Therefore, NADPH and ATP are employed at this step to break covalent bond and build new ones.

Chemical reaction is a process in which two or more than two molecules collide in right orientation and energy to form a new chemical compound. The mass of the overall reaction should be conserved. There are so many types of chemical reaction reaction like double displacement reaction, combination reaction.

The light-independent process, also known as dark reactions, is the second step of photosynthesis. NADPH and ATP are employed at this step to break covalent bond and build new ones.

Therefore, NADPH and ATP are employed at this step to break covalent bond and build new ones.

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Because air puffs up the cream as it is whipped, there is a physical change even though the ingredients are still cream and air.

Physical modifications are those that affect a chemical substance's form but not its chemical content. Physical changes may normally be used to separate compounds into chemical elements or simpler compounds, but they cannot be used to separate mixtures into their component compounds.

Liquid cream is extensively combined with small air bubbles to form the foam colloid known as whipped cream. Because milk is transformed from a colloid (cream) to a solid (butter) without changing its chemical makeup, turning milk into butter is a physical transformation. This change in the body can be undone.

Thus, there is a physical change even though the ingredients are still cream and air.

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If a reaction has a negative ΔG and a positive ΔS, the reaction will be spontaneous at all temperatures.

If a reaction is spontaneous at all temperatures, it implies that the reaction will occur without the need for any external intervention, such as the addition of energy. For a reaction to be spontaneous, it must satisfy the criteria of thermodynamic favorability, which is determined by the change in Gibbs free energy (ΔG) associated with the reaction.

The relationship between ΔG, temperature (T), and the equilibrium constant (K) of a reaction is described by the equation ΔG = ΔH - TΔS, where ΔH is the change in enthalpy and ΔS is the change in entropy.

To ensure spontaneity at all temperatures, two conditions must be met:

ΔG must be negative: A negative ΔG indicates a thermodynamically favorable reaction, meaning the products have a lower Gibbs free energy than the reactants. If ΔG is negative, the reaction will proceed spontaneously in the forward direction.

ΔS must be positive: A positive ΔS signifies an increase in the overall entropy of the system. Higher entropy means more disorder, and spontaneous reactions often involve an increase in randomness. When ΔS is positive, it can compensate for the enthalpic term, ΔH, allowing the reaction to proceed spontaneously.

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Explanation:

As a water is heated from 46°C to 102°C, the particle arrangement of the water molecules changes.

We use the term evaporation to describe this kind of change.

answer: the substance will change from a liquid state to a gaseous state

explanation: 46 degrees celsius means that the particles are in a liquid state, when the particles are heated up to 102 degrees celsius, it means that the particles are now in a gaseous state

Answer:

Olfactory indicators

Explanation:

The substance whose odour changes in an acidic of basic medium are called olfactory indicators. In an olfactory indicator , smell varies depending on whether it is mixed with an acidic or basic solution.

Answer:

Calcium hydroxide is a white precipitate, too, and it won't dissolve if more sodium hydroxide is added to the solution. No significant precipitate will be formed between calcium ions and ammonia.

The number of moles in 235000 molecules of methane is 3.9 × 10⁻¹⁹ mol.

A mole can be defined as a standard unit that is utilized to find a given count of particles. The particles counted are chemically the same and individually distinct.

A mole can be used to determine quantities of atoms, molecules, ions, or other particular particles. The number of particles in 1 mole is 6.023 ×10 ²³ which is known as Avogadro’s constant.

Given, the number of molecules of methane = 235,000

The mass of one mole of methane = 16 g

The number of molecules in one mole of methane =  6.023 × 10²³

235000 molecules of methane have moles = 235000/6.023 × 10²³

= 3.9 × 10⁻¹⁹ mol

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Answer:

1 x 10⁻¹¹moldm⁻³

Explanation:

Given parameters:

pH of the solution  = 11

Unknown:

[H] = ?

Solution:

The hydrogen ion concentration is unknown.

From:

                      PH  = - log[H⁺]  

       So;

                     11 = -log[H⁺]

               [H⁺] = 1 x 10⁻¹¹moldm⁻³

Answer:

Mass = 8.46 g

Explanation:

Given data Mass of water produced = ? Mass of glucose = 20 g Mass of oxygen = 15 g

Solution:

Chemical equation:

C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂     →   6H₂O + 6CO₂

Number of moles of glucose:

Number of moles = mass/molar mass

Number of moles = 20 g/ 180.16 g/mol

Number of moles = 0.11 mol

Number of moles of oxygen:

Number of moles = mass/molar mass

Number of moles = 15 g/ 32 g/mol

Number of moles = 0.47 mol

now we will compare the moles of water with oxygen and glucose.

              C₆H₁₂O₆           :            H₂O

                  1                   :              6

                0.11                :           6/1×0.11 = 0.66

                  O₂               :            H₂O

                  6                   :              6

                0.47                :           0.47

Less number of moles of water are produced by oxygen thus it will limit the yield of water and act as limiting reactant.

Mass of water produced:

Mass = number of moles × molar mass

Mass = 0.47 mol  ×18 g/mol

Mass = 8.46 g

Explanation:

Explanation:

n2 ×2b is the only solution

The volume of 12 gas forms when 21 L Cl2 react at STP is 21 L.

To determine the volume of 12 gas (I assume you mean I2 gas) formed when 21 L of Cl2 reacts at STP (standard temperature and pressure), we need to use the ideal gas law equation.

The ideal gas law equation is given by:

PV = nRT

Where:

P = pressure

V = volume

n = number of moles

R = ideal gas constant

T = temperature

At STP, the pressure is 1 atm, and the temperature is 273.15 K.

From the balanced equation, we can see that the molar ratio between Cl2 and I2 is 1:1. So, if 21 L of Cl2 reacts, it will produce an equal volume of I2 gas.

Given that the volume of Cl2 is 21 L, we can assume the volume of I2 gas formed will also be 21 L.

Therefore, the volume of I2 gas formed is 21 L.

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Thermal Energy is directly proportional to the temperature

Or

\(\\ \sf\longmapsto Thermal\: Energy\propto Temperature \)

So if temperature increases the thermal Energy also increases.

An object which is 20°C warmer than other has more thermal energy