Answer:
(a) To find the probability that an integer between 1 and 10000 has exactly three 5's and one 3, we need to count the number of such integers and divide by the total number of integers between 1 and 10000. There are 4 positions in the integer that need to be filled with 3 5's and 1 3, so we can count the number of ways to choose these positions (which is C(4,1) = 4) and the number of ways to fill them with the 5's and 3 (which is 2 * 2 * 2 = 8), and then count the number of ways to fill the remaining positions with digits other than 5 and 3 (which is 8 * 8 * 8 * 8 = 4096). Therefore, the total number of integers between 1 and 10000 with exactly three 5's and one 3 is 4 * 8 * 4096 = 131072, and the probability of selecting such an integer is 131072/10000 = 131/10,000.
(b) To distribute 50 identical jelly beans among six children so that each child gets at least one jelly bean , we can use the stars and bars method. We place 5 bars among the 50 jelly beans to divide them into 6 groups, and we choose the positions of the bars from the 49 spaces between the jelly beans (since the first and last spaces cannot be used). There are C(49,5) ways to do this, which is approximately 1.47 * 10^9.
(c) To distribute 21 different toys among six children according to the given conditions, we can consider the number of toys received by each child separately. Two children get 6 toys each, so we can choose the two children in C(6,2) ways and the toys for each child in C(21,6) ways, so the total number of ways to distribute 12 toys among two children is C(6,2) * C(21,6)^2. Similarly, three children get 2 toys each, so we can choose the three children in C(6,3) ways and the toys for each child in C(15,2) ways, so the total number of ways to distribute 6 toys among three children is C(6,3) * (C(15,2))^3. Finally, one
Explanation:
technician a says that a common rail engine can vary the injection pressure, timing, and injection rate shape for each injector. technician b says that the injection pressure is the same for all injectors in common rail engines, and injectors can perform multiple injection events during each combustion cycle. who is correct?
Technician a is correct because According to him, a common rail engine has the ability to change the injection pressure, timing, and rate shape for each injector.
An alternative to low-pressure fuel pumps feeding unit injectors is a direct fuel injection system called common rail engine direct fuel injection, which is designed on high-pressure fuel rail feeding solenoid valves. The rail functions as a fuel accumulator to keep the pressure in the engine's fuel system roughly constant at all fuelling rates. Through high pressure pipes, fuel is delivered from the rail to the injectors. Each solenoid valve within an injector is sequentially activated by current pulses produced by the ECU. Commercial common rail systems employ radial, unit, and in-line pumps. High pressure pump designs are changing to improve the fuel injection system's efficiency and enable precise rail pressure management. The pressure in the common rail can be controlled in a number of ways.
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Given that a fluid at rest is incapable of sustaining any shear stress, set up the relation between the surface traction on an arbitrarily oriented surface element and the pressure. From this, find the relation between the stress tensor and the pressure.
Answer:
Relation between the stress tensor and the pressure is attached below
Explanation:
Expressing the Relation between the surface traction on an arbitrarily oriented surface element
For an arbitrary element
net force can be represented as : P + dp/dx ( dx/2 ) - P + dp/dx ( dx/2 )
= dp/dx * dx
∴ The surface traction can be expressed as
= dp/dx * dxdydz + dp/dx * dxdydz
attached below is the remaining part of the solution
Briefly explain thermal expansion using the potential energy–versus–interatomic spacing curve.
As the temperature of the material increases, the potential energy of the molecules increases. Thermal expansion occurs due to changes in temperature, and interatomic distances increase as potential energy increases.
What are the uses of Thermal Expansion?Thermal expansion is used in a variety of applications such as rail buckling, engine coolant, mercury thermometers, joint expansion, and others.
It is to be noted that an application of the concept of liquid expansion in everyday life concerns liquid thermometers. As the heat rises, the mercury or alcohol in the thermometer tube moves in only one direction. As the heat decreases, the liquid moves back smoothly.
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Crawlers software used by search engines, can go through the other pages that are part of your web site, as long as there are links.a. backdoorsb. crawlersc. pageranks
Crawlers software used by search engines can go through the other pages that are part of your web site as long as there are links. The Option B.
How do crawlers navigate through web pages?Crawlers are software programs used by search engines to systematically explore and index web pages. These crawlers traverse websites by following links by allowing them to navigate from one page to another within a website.
When crawler encounters a link on a webpage, it adds that link to a queue and proceeds to visit the linked page. By following this process, crawlers can efficiently gather information from various web pages and build an index that search engines can utilize to deliver relevant search results to users.
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in transport mode, esp fields surround an ipv4 packet's ________. entire length header data field none of these
In transport mode, esp fields surround an ipv4 packet's data field. entire length header data field none of these.
In transport mode, ESP fields surround an IPv4 packet's data field. This mode is used to provide confidentiality and integrity for the payload (data) within the packet while leaving the header unencrypted for routing purposes.
Transport modes are the means of supporting the mobility of passengers and freight. They are mobile transport assets and fall into three basic types; land (road, rail, pipelines), water (shipping), and air. 1. A Diversity of Modes Transport modes are designed to either carry passengers or freight, but most modes can carry a combination of both.
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How do you replace old weather stripping on a door?
Replacing old weather stripping on a door is a straightforward process that can help improve your home's energy efficiency.
Here are the steps to replace old weather stripping on a door:
Remove the Old Weather Stripping To remove the old weather stripping, use a putty knife to loosen the adhesive or nails that hold the stripping in place. Once the weather stripping is loose, you can remove it by pulling it off the door.
Clean the Door Surface After removing the old weather stripping, clean the door surface thoroughly. This will ensure that the new weather stripping adheres properly. Use a clean, dry cloth to wipe the surface clean.
Measure and Cut the New Weather Stripping Measure the length of the door jamb and cut the new weather stripping to fit. Be sure to leave a small amount of excess weather stripping so that it overlaps at the ends.
Install the New Weather Stripping Once you have cut the new weather stripping, peel off the backing to expose the adhesive. Carefully place the weather stripping onto the door jamb, starting at the top and working your way down. Be sure to press the weather stripping firmly against the door jamb to ensure a secure fit.
Check the Fit Test the fit of the new weather stripping by closing the door. The weather stripping should form a tight seal around the door. If there are any gaps or spaces, adjust the weather stripping as needed.
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how many degrees of crankshaft rotation are required for a piston to move from tdc to bdc and return to tdc
360 degrees of crankshaft rotation for a piston to move from tdc to bdc and return to tdc.
The crankshaft must rotate fully twice (or 720 degrees) in a four-stroke cycle to complete an engine cycle, spinning 360 degrees each time the piston moves from TDC to BDC and back. The engine completes this reciprocation about 125 times per second in a car with a redline of roughly 7500 rpm.
A timing belt or chain is used to connect key engine components together and maintain everything in synchronization in order to hold this incredibly precise sequence of actions together. A thick, toothed belt called a timing belt wraps around the crankshaft, water pump, and camshaft sprockets, spinning in time with the crankshaft at the base of the engine block.
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Problem 1 (paper) Use Gauss-Jordan elimination with partial pivoting to solve the following linear system. Show all steps. Represent all values as exact fractions, not decimal numbers.
[2 1 1 4 2 1 3 1 1] [x1 x2 x3] = [8 13 10]
Problem 2 (paper) For the matrix-matrix
A = [2 3 2 4 7 6 6 11 13]
Calculate the LU decomposition A = LU where
L = [1 0 0 l21 1 0 l31 l32 1] and U = [u11 u12 u13 0 u22 u23 0 0 u33]
As follows. Mulitply out LU to get algebraic expressions for each component of A in terms of the components of L and U.
Answer:
mano não sei mas acho que vai dar certo porque isso aí é muito top mas é isso aí mano o cara tem que ser confiar mesmo viu que negócio é desse jeito mesmo entendeu porque sabe como é que é as coisas né nada é fácil mesmo hein mas é isso aí mano continua tentando aí mano porque Rapaz tu é louco doido agora tá difícil mesmo mas é isso aí o cara tem que ir saber se ele tá ligado eu deixei isso mesmo né mas é isso aí meu truta
Explanation:
É isso aí mano Espero que tenho ajudado aí beleza manda a tua pergunta aí beleza é isso aí mano É isso aí continua hein p
the coil polarity in a waste spark system is determined by the direction in which the coil is wound (left hand rule for conventional current flow) and cant be changed. for example if a V8 engine has a firing order of 18436527 and number one cylinder is on compression which cylinder would be on the exhaust stroke?
A V-8 engine that posses a firing order of 18436572 with number 1 cylinder on compression, the cylinder which would be on the exhaust stroke is number: A. 6.
What is an injector?An injector can be defined as a mechanical device that is designed and developed for the introduction of fuel into the internal combustion system of an engine, especially under pressure.
The types of fuel injection system.In Engineering, there are two (2) main types of fuel injection system and these include the following:
Simultaneous fuel injection.Sequential fuel injection.What is a sequential fuel injection?A sequential fuel injection is typically designed and developed to spray fuel into the internal combustion system of an engine based on the firing order that is configured within it by the manufacturer.
As a general rule, one of the two-paired spark plugs within the internal combustion system of an engine is always designed to have a negative polarity while the other spark plug is designed to have a positive polarity always.
In this context, we can infer and logically deduce that a V-8 engine that posses a firing order of 18436572 with number 1 cylinder on compression, the cylinder which would be on the exhaust stroke is number 6.
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Complete Question:
The coil polarity in a waste-spark system is determined by the direction in which the coil is wound (left-hand rule for conventional current flow) and can't be changed. for example, if a v-8 engine has a firing order of 18436572 and number 1 cylinder is on compression, which cylinder will be on the exhaust stroke?
A. 6
B. 4
C. 8
D. 2
Briefly explain the term soil sampling and outline its importance in building engineering works.
Answer:
For civil engineering, the importance is that you want to ensure that your construction is in a good sturdy location.
Explanation:
Im at UNCC as a civil engineering student
___________________ is the primary classification trait used to explain how scientists divide rocks into the three classification groups.
answer choices
- Composition
- Formation
- Location
- Texture
A city is experiencing a windstorm. The wind has blown away some of the houses in that city. What load bearing factor did the architects of these
houses not calculate correctly?
OA material strength
OB. elasticity
oc design load
OD. safety factor
Answer:
oa
Explanation:
Answer:
safety factor
Explanation:
i got it correct on the test
The following incomplete method is intended to sort its array parameter arr in increasing order.
// postcondition: arr is sorted in increasing order
public static void sortArray(int[] arr)
{
int j, k;
for (j = arr.length - 1; j > 0; j--)
{
int pos = j;
for ( /* missing code */ )
{
if (arr[k] > arr[pos])
{
pos = k;
}
}
swap(arr, j, pos);
}
}
Assume that swap(arr, j, pos) exchanges the values of arr[j] and arr[pos]. Which of the following could be used to replace /* missing code */ so that executing the code segment sorts the values in array arr?
A
k = j - 1; k > 0; k--
B
k = j - 1; k >= 0; k--
C
k = 1; k < arr.length; k++
D
k = 1; k > arr.length; k++
E
k = 0; k <= arr.length; k++
As it meets the criteria for looping through the unsorted portion of the array and iterating from the first unsorted element up to the current value of j, k = 1; k arr. length; k++.
How can I determine how many elements there are in an unsorted array?We must do a linear search to locate the largest value in an unsorted array by examining each element and keeping note of the location the maximum has been discovered thus far.
Which approach requires the least amount of time to search an entry in an unsorted array?The most popular method of searching an element in an unsorted array is by performing a linear search, which checks each element one by one from start to finish and has an O(n) complexity.
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Blood pressure is conventionally measured in the dimensions of millimeters in a column of mercury, and the readings are expressed as two numbers, for example, 120 and 80. The first number is called the systolic value, and it is the maximum pressure developed as the heart contracts. The second number (called the diastolic reading) is the pressure when the heart is at rest. In the units of kPa and psi, what is the difference in pressure between the given systolic and diastolic readings? The density of mercury is 13.54 Mg/m3.
Answer:
- the difference in pressure between the given systolic and diastolic readings in KPa is 5.313 KPa
- the difference in pressure between the given systolic and diastolic readings in psi is 0.77 psi
Explanation:
Given the data in the question;
blood pressure reading = 120 and 80 { systolic and diastolic }
To determine the difference in pressure between the two readings, we use the equation as follows;
change in pressure ΔP = p × g × h
where p is mercury density, g is acceleration due to gravity and h is difference of height in mercury column.
Frist,
difference of height in mercury column h = 120 - 80 = 40 mm = 0.04 m
given that; The density of mercury is 13.54 Mg/m³ = 13.54 × 10³ kg/m³
Not that Mg is Megagrams not Milligrams }
we know that g = 9.81 m/s²
so we substitute into our equation;
change in pressure ΔP = (13.54 × 10³) × 9.81 × 0.04
ΔP = 5313.096 kg/m-s² ≈ 5313.096 N/m²
ΔP = 5.313 KPa
Therefore, the difference in pressure between the given systolic and diastolic readings in KPa is 5.313 KPa.
In psi,
ΔP = 5.313 KPa
ΔP = 5313 Pa
ΔP = 5313 pa × ( 1.45 × 10⁻⁴ psi / 1 Pa )
ΔP = 0.770385 psi ≈ 0.77 psi
Therefore, the difference in pressure between the given systolic and diastolic readings in psi is 0.77 psi
pls help me it’s due today
Answer:
C. 14.55
Explanation:
12 x 10 = 120
120 divded by 10 is 12
so now we do the left side
7 x 3 = 21 divded by 10 is 2
so now we have 14
and the remaning area is 0.55
so 14.55
containers transporting more than 1000 pounds of non-bulk packages are required to be placarded on
Containers transporting more than 1000 pounds of non-bulk packages are required to be placarded on all four sides of the vehicle.
What is the requirement for placarding containers transporting more than 1000 pounds of non-bulk packages?Containers transporting more than 1000 pounds of non-bulk packages are required to be placarded on all four sides of the vehicle.
Placards are large, diamond-shaped signs that communicate the type of hazardous material being transported.
They are used to alert emergency responders, other drivers, and the public about the potential hazards associated with the cargo. Placarding helps ensure safety and proper handling of the materials during transportation.
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Which items are NOT found on a
door?*
5 points
Cladding
Moulding
Weatherstrip
Check Strap
Striker
All of the above
None of the above
Answer:
None of the above cause thats what i put
In crow's foot style E-R diagrams, a hash mark across the relationship line near an entity indicates ________.
A. a maximum cardinality of optional
B. a minimum cardinality of mandatory and a maximum cardinality of one
C. a maximum cardinality of mandatory and a minimum cardinality of one
D. a minimum cardinality of optional
E. a maximum cardinality of many
In crow's foot style E-R diagrams, a hash mark (#) across the relationship line near an entity indicates a minimum cardinality of mandatory and a maximum cardinality of one (option B).
What is the crow's foot notation?The crow's foot notation is a graphical representation used in E-R diagrams to represent the cardinality of the relationships between entities.
In this notation, an entity is represented as a rectangle, and a relationship is represented as a line connecting two entities.
The crow's foot notation uses various symbols to represent the cardinality of the relationship, including a hash mark (#).
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Does anyone know this
What size heater will be required to heat the water in a swimming pool from 70 degrees F to 72 degrees F in 1 hour if the appliance is 100% efficient and the pool holds 20,000 gallons of water?
A 176.19 kW heater would be required to heat the water in the pool from 70 degrees F to 72 degrees F in 1 hour, assuming the heater is 100% efficient.
How to find the power of the heaterTo calculate the size of the heater required to heat the water in the pool, we need to use the following formula:
Q = m x c x ΔT
where
Q is the amount of heat required,
m is the mass of the water being heated,
c is the specific heat of water, and
ΔT is the change in temperature.
First, we need to calculate the mass of the water in the pool.
One gallon of water weighs 3.79 kg hence 20 000 gallons will be 75 800 kg
Q = m x c x ΔT
Q = 75,800 kg x 4.184 J/g°C x (72°F - 70°F)
Q = 75,800 kg x 4.184 J/g°C x 2°F
Q = 634,294.4 joules
Now, we need to calculate the power of the heater required to deliver this amount of heat in 1 hour (3600 seconds):
Power = Q / t
Power = 634,294.4 joules / 3600 seconds
Power = 176.19 kW
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Alphanumeric data are entered into a computer from a remote terminal through a grade telephone channel. The channel has a bandwidth of 3.4 kHz and output signal noise ratio of 20 dB. The terminal has a total of 128 symbols. Assume that the Symbols are equiprobable and the successive transmissions are statistically independent.
(a) Calculate the information capacity of the channel.
(b) Calculate the maximum symbol rate for which error-free transmission over the channel is possible
(a) The information capacity of a channel is 22,730 bits per second. (b) the maximum symbol rate for error-free transmission over the channel is approximately 47,600 symbols per second.
(a) The information capacity of a channel can be calculated using the Shannon-Hartley theorem, which states that the channel capacity C is given by the formula:
C = B * log2(1 + S/N)
Where:
C = channel capacity
B = bandwidth of the channel (in Hz)
S = signal power
N = noise power
In this case, the bandwidth B is given as 3.4 kHz, which can be converted to Hz by multiplying it by 1000: B = 3.4 * 1000 = 3400 Hz.
The signal power S can be calculated using the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) in dB. The formula to convert SNR from dB to a linear scale is:
SNR_linear = 10^(SNR/10)
In this case, the SNR is 20 dB, so the SNR_linear is: SNR_linear = 10^(20/10) = 100.
Since the symbols are equiprobable, each symbol carries an equal amount of information. Therefore, the number of bits per symbol is given by log2(128) = 7.
Now we can calculate the information capacity:
C = 3400 * log2(1 + 100) = 3400 * log2(101) ≈ 22,730 bits per second.
(b) The maximum symbol rate for error-free transmission can be calculated using the Nyquist formula:
R = 2B * log2(M)
Where:
R = maximum symbol rate (in symbols per second)
B = bandwidth of the channel (in Hz)
M = number of symbols
In this case, B is still 3400 Hz, and M is 128.
R = 2 * 3400 * log2(128) ≈ 2 * 3400 * 7 ≈ 47,600 symbols per second.
Therefore, the maximum symbol rate for error-free transmission over the channel is approximately 47,600 symbols per second.
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1. Name three current problems in your life that could be solved through an algorithmic process. Explain why each of these problems is algorithmic in nature.
As a supervised learning algorithm for problem classification, the Decision Tree algorithm is one of the most widely utilized in machine learning today.
Which problems can be solved by algorithmic processes?Whether a problem is logical, mathematical, or complex in nature, algorithms can be created to solve it. As an illustration, consider sorting algorithms, depth-first search, and traveling salespeople. The algorithm, however, would arrive at a finite solution after a certain number of steps before coming to an end. Algorithms can be used to describe typical daily tasks. An algorithm for preparing a specific cuisine, for instance, might be thought of as a recipe.
Steps 1-3 outline the algorithm. The amounts of each component that are mentioned, together with the type of pan and desired topping, are our inputs. A series of procedures known as an algorithm are used to solve issues or carry out tasks. A typical illustration of an algorithm is a recipe, which is a set of detailed directions for making a dish or meal.
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A gas at 20 degree C may be considered rarefied, deviating from the continuum concept, when it contains less than 10^12 molecules per cubic millimeter. If Avogadro's number is 6.023 E23 molecules per mole, what absolute pressure (in Pa) for air does this represent?
The absolute pressure of air at which it deviates from the continuum concept can be calculated using the given information.
To calculate the absolute pressure, we need to determine the number of molecules per cubic millimeter. Given that a gas is considered rarefied when it contains less than 10^12 molecules per cubic millimeter, and Avogadro's number is\(6.023 × 10^23\) molecules per mole, we can use these values to find the absolute pressure.
To convert from molecules per cubic millimeter to moles per cubic millimeter, we divide the given value by Avogadro's number:
\(10^12 molecules/mm^3 / (6.023 × 10^23 molecules/mol) = 1.66 × 10^-12 mol/mm^3\)
Now, we can convert the number of moles per cubic millimeter to pressure in Pascals (Pa) using the ideal gas law equation:
PV = nRT
Assuming the gas is at a temperature of 20 degrees Celsius, which is 293.15 Kelvin, and using the ideal gas constant R = 8.314 J/(mol·K), we can rearrange the equation to solve for pressure:
P = (nRT) / V
Given that the volume is 1 mm^3, the number of moles per cubic millimeter is 1.66 × 10^-12 mol/mm^3, and the temperature is 293.15 K, we can calculate the absolute pressure as:
\(P = (1.66 × 10^-12 mol/mm^3) × (8.314 J/(mol·K)) × (293.15 K) / (1 mm^3)P ≈ 3.89 × 10^-6 Pa\)
Therefore, the absolute pressure for air when it deviates from the continuum concept is approximately 3.89 × 10^-6 Pa.
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Type the correct answer in the box. Spell all words correctly.
Convert calories to joules.
3 calories is ____ joules
Answer:
46
Explanation:
Answer:
12.55 Joules
Explanation:
For edmentum users :)
In an Otto cycle, 1m^3 of air enters at a pressure of 100kPa and a temperature of 18°C. The cycle has a compression ratio of 10:1 and the heat input is 760kJ. Sketch the P-v and T-s diagrams. State at least three assumptions. Cv=0.718kJ/kg K Cp=1.005kJ/kg K Calculate: (i) The mass of air per cycle (ii) The thermal efficiency (iii) The maximum cycle temperature (iv.) The net- work output
(i) The mass of air per cycle can be calculated by multiplying the initial volume (1 m^3) by the initial density of air.
(ii) The thermal efficiency can be calculated using the formula η = 1 - (1 / compression ratio)^(γ - 1).
(iii) The maximum cycle temperature can be calculated as T_max = T1 * (compression ratio)^(γ - 1).
(iv) The net work output can be calculated as W_net = Q_in - Q_out, where Q_in is the heat input and Q_out is the heat rejected during the exhaust process.
(i) The mass of air per cycle can be calculated using the ideal gas law, which relates the volume, pressure, temperature, and mass of a gas. By assuming air to behave as an ideal gas, the mass can be determined by dividing the initial volume by the product of the specific gas constant and the initial temperature.
(ii) The thermal efficiency of the Otto cycle is calculated by subtracting the heat rejected during the exhaust process from the heat input and dividing it by the heat input.
(iii) The maximum cycle temperature can be obtained by using the temperature-pressure relationship in an adiabatic compression process.
(iv) The net work output is determined by subtracting the heat rejected during the exhaust process from the heat input.
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A pitot tube is mounted in the test section of a low- speed open- circuit subsonic wind tunnel. Air is flowing through the test section at 100 mph. The air pressure in the test section is 1 atm, and the temperature is 65 F Calculate the pressure measured by the pitot tube.
Answer:
given
i=100mph
to=65 F
find thd p
p=i*f
p= 65*100=6500
Consider a 2-shell-passes and 8-tube-passes shell-and-tube heat exchanger. What is the primary reason for using many tube passes
Answer:
See explanation
Explanation:
Solution:-
- The shell and tube heat exchanger are designated by the order of tube and shell passes.
- A single tube pass: The fluid enters from inlet, exchange of heat, the fluid exits.
- A multiple tube pass: The fluid enters from inlet, exchange of heat, U bend of the fluid, exchange of heat, .... ( nth order of pass ), and then exits.
- By increasing the number of passes we have increased the "retention time" of a specific volume of tube fluid; hence, providing sufficient time for the fluid to exchange heat with the shell fluid.
- By making more U-turns we are allowing greater length for the fluid flow to develop with " constriction and turns " into turbulence. This turbulence usually at the final passes allows mixing of fluid and increases the heat transfer coefficient by:
U ∝ v^( 0.8 ) .... ( turbulence )
- The higher the velocity of the fluids the greater the heat transfer coefficient. The increase in the heat transfer coefficient will allow less heat energy carried by either of the fluids to be wasted ; hence, reduced losses.
Thereby, increases the thermal efficiency of the heat exchanger ( higher NTU units ).
How long does it take to freeze a 100 mm diameter sphere of pure Aluminum in a plaster mold assuming: a. No superheat and neglecting the heat flow divergence (contour effects) b. No superheat and considering heat flow divergence c. What is the error for neglecting contour effects
Answer:Pressure = 11.38 psi
Force = 13.981 Ibf
Explanation: your welcome ;)
At steady state, air at 200 kPa, 325 K, and mass flow rate
of 0.5 kg/s enters an insulated duct having differing inlet
and exit cross-sectional areas. The inlet cross-sectional area is
6 cm26cm
2. At the duct exit, the pressure of the air is 100 kPa and the velocity is 250 m/s. Neglecting potential energy
effects and modeling air as an ideal gas with constant cp=1.008 kJ/kg⋅Kc
p =1.008kJ/kg⋅K, determine
(a) the velocity of the air at the inlet, in m/s.
(b) the temperature of the air at the exit, in K.
(c) the exit cross-sectional area, in cm2
(a) the velocity of the air at the inlet, in m/s.
(b) the temperature of the air at the exit, in K.
(c) the exit cross-sectional area, in cm
The sections of piping immediately upstream and downstream of a primary flow measuring device are known as
The sections of piping immediately upstream and downstream of a primary flow measuring device are known as the "straight run."
The straight run refers to the lengths of piping that are required to be present immediately upstream and downstream of a primary flow measuring device. These sections of piping are necessary to ensure that the flow profile is fully developed and unaffected by any disturbances caused by bends, fittings, or obstructions in the pipe. The straight run allows the fluid to flow smoothly and uniformly before entering or exiting the flow measuring device, ensuring accurate and reliable measurements.
By providing sufficient straight run lengths, the flow profile becomes stable, minimizing turbulence and disturbances that could impact the accuracy of the flow measurement.
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