A seed crystal of diameter D (mm) is placed in a solution of dissolved salt, and new crystals are observed to nucleate (form) at a constant rate r (crystals/min). Experiments with seed crystals of different sizes show that the rate of nucleation varies with the seed crystal diameter as r(crystals/min)=200D−10D2(D in mm)

a. What are the units of the constants 200 and 10? (Assume the given equation is valid and therefore dimensionally homogeneous.)
b. Calculate the crystal nucleation rate in crystals/s corresponding to a crystal diameter of 0.050 inch.
c. Derive a formula for r(crystals/s) in terms of D(inches). (See Example 2.6-1.) Check the formula using the result of Part b.

Answer:

53.7 L

Explanation:

The volume occupied by 35.2 g of methane gas at 25 °C and 1.0 atm. is 55.9 L.

Given to us is temperature, pressure, universal gas constant, and mass of methane gas, we need to find the volume occupied by the gas.

To calculate the volume occupied by the methane gas, we can use the ideal gas law equation:

PV = nRT

Where:

P = pressure (in atm)

V = volume (in liters)

n = number of moles

R = ideal gas constant (0.08206 Latm/(Kmol))

T = temperature (in Kelvin)

First, we need to convert the given temperature from Celsius to Kelvin:

T(K) = T(°C) + 273.15

T(K) = 25 °C + 273.15

T(K) = 298.15 K

Next, we calculate the number of moles of methane gas using its molar mass:

molar mass of CH₄ = 12.01 g/mol + 4(1.008 g/mol) = 16.04 g/mol

n = mass/molar mass

n = 35.2 g / 16.04 g/mol

n = 2.19 mol

Now we can substitute the values into the ideal gas law equation:

PV = nRT

V = (nRT) / P

V = (2.19 mol × 0.08206 Latm/(Kmol) ×298.15 K) / 1.0 atm

V = 55.9 L

Therefore, the volume occupied by 35.2 g of methane gas at 25 °C and 1.0 atm is 55.9 liters.

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Answer:

The volume of water added to make the diluted solution is 118.68 mL.

To solve this question, we'll begin by calculating the volume of the diluted solution. This can be obtained as follow:

Volume of stock solution (V₁) = 25 mL

Molarity of stock solution (M₁) = 0.250 M

Molarity of diluted solution (M₂) = 0.0435 M

Volume of diluted solution (V₂) =?

The volume of the diluted solution can be obtained as follow:

M₁V₁ = M₂V₂

0.25 × 25 = 0.0435 × V₂

6.25 = 0.0435 × V₂

Divide both side by 0.0435

V₂ = 6.25 / 0.0435

V₂ = 143.68 mL

Thus, the volume of the diluted solution is 143.68 mL

Finally, we shall determine the volume of water added to make the diluted solution.

Volume of stock solution (V₁) = 25 mL

Volume of diluted solution (V₂) = 143.68 mL

Volume of water added =?

Volume of water added = (Volume of diluted solution) – (Volume of stock solution)

Volume of water added = 143.68 – 25

Volume of water added = 118.68 mL

Therefore, the volume of water added to make the diluted solution is 118.68 ml

Answer:

the answer is gravitational force

Answer:

gravitational force

Explanation:

I have answered this question multiple times.

The structural features which contributes to a high thermal conductivity are the direction of travel of heat and the nature of materials.

This is referred to as a measure of its ability to conduct heat or current and it is dependent on some factors such as the nature of the materials.

For example , metals conduct heat and electricity easily because the materials allow free electrons to move between the atoms and also the direction of travel of heat which is towards them is also a factor in this regard.

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Answer:

We actually output other gases like methane lol

Explanation:

Well since most of the air we breathe is made up of nitrogen we also breathe out nitrogen

Source: da brain

Hope this helps you! :)

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It would help me a lot!

Thank you!

Answer:

our body needs oxygen for certain processes in the body .When the work is done oxygen is transformed into carbon dioxide .So, oxygen is inhaled while carbon dioxide is exhaled.

Answer:

0.509 (to 3dp)

Explanation:

The formula for moles is:

moles = mass ÷ molar mass

The molar mass of NaCl can be calculated by adding the relative atomic masses of each element in the compound, which you can find in a periodic table:

molar mass = 23.0 + 35.5 = 58.5

Now, we can find the number of moles of NaCl in 29.8g:

moles = 29.8 ÷ 58.5 = 0.509 (to 3dp)

A methane molecule (CH4) is considered symmetrical because it possesses a symmetric structure and exhibits symmetry operations.

Symmetry refers to a balanced arrangement of elements that can be divided into equal parts by a plane, axis, or center. In the case of methane, it exhibits several symmetrical characteristics.

Firstly, methane has a tetrahedral molecular geometry, with the carbon atom at the center and four hydrogen atoms positioned around it. This geometry ensures that the molecule is symmetrical in terms of its spatial arrangement.

Each hydrogen atom is located at one of the vertices of the tetrahedron, forming equal angles and distances with respect to the central carbon atom. This symmetry is maintained regardless of the orientation of the molecule.

Additionally, methane possesses rotational symmetry. It can be rotated around any of the carbon-hydrogen bonds, and the molecule will retain its overall appearance.

The symmetry of methane arises from its molecular structure and the equal distribution of electron density around the central carbon atom. The four hydrogen atoms are bonded to the carbon through sigma bonds, which have a cylindrical symmetry. This balanced arrangement of the atoms contributes to the overall symmetry of the molecule.

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The complete Lewis electron-dot diagram for ethyne is shown in the attached diagram below:

A lewis electron dot structure can be utilized to represent the number of bonds, the lone pairs left in the atoms, and the bonding atoms in the molecule.

Solid lines are used to represent the bonds between atoms that are directly bonded to one another and excess electrons are denoted as dot pairs and are represented next to the atoms.

As the valence electrons of each carbon atom are equal to 4 from the electronic configuration of the carbon atom. First, the total number of valence electrons in a molecule is 4 + 1 + 1 + 4 = 10.

As each carbon atom needs only 4 electrons to complete its octet. As the octet completes, the rest of the electrons are assigned as the lone pairs of atoms. But there are no lone pairs in the molecule of the ethyne.

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Answer:

29. Option (b) 32 mL

30. Option (d) 3.9 g/mL

31. Option (d) 13.195 g

Explanation:

29. Determination of the volume of the rock.

Volume of water = 15 mL

Volume of water + Rock = 47 mL

Volume of Rock =.?

Volume of Rock = (Volume of water + Rock) – (Volume of water)

Volume of Rock = 47 – 15

Volume of Rock = 32 mL

30. Determination of the density of the rock.

Density of a substance is simply defined as the mass of the substance per unit volume of the substance. It can be represented mathematically as:

Density (D) = mass (m) /volume (V)

D = m/V

With the above formula, the density of the rock can be obtained as follow:

Mass (m) of Rock = 125 g

Volume (V) of Rock = 32 mL

Density (D) =?

D = m/V

D = 3.9 g/mL

Therefore, the density of the rock is 3.9 g/mL.

31. Determination of the sum of 3.7 g and 9.495 g.

The sum of 3.7 g and 9.495 g can be obtained as follow:

3.7 g + 9.495 g = 13.195 g

Explanation:

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Explanation:

hope it's helpful for you

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Answer:

Weigh 17.997g Na2HPO4 and 13.486g of NaH2PO4 dissolving those salts in 1.00L of deionized water

Explanation:

A buffer is made with the mixture of a weak acid and its conjugate base. We have as first to find the correct mixture based on the pKa's of the acids:

pKa H3PO4- NaH2PO4 = 2.148

pKa NaH2PO4 - Na2HPO4 = 7.198

pKa Na2HPO4 - Na3PO4 = 12.375

A buffer works in a range of pH's of pKa±1. Thus, we choice NaH2PO4 - Na2HPO4.

The first equation that we can write is:

NaH2PO4 = 0.150 moles -Because the concentration of the weak acid is 0.150M, in 1L = 0.150moles

Using H-H equation for this mixture:

pH = pKa + log [Na2HPO4] / [NaH2PO4]

pH is desire pH = 7.00

pKa is 7.198

[Na2HPO4] and [NaH2PO4] could be taken as the moles of each salt.

Replacing:

7.00 = 7.198 + log [Na2HPO4] / [0.150moles]

-0.198 = log [Na2HPO4] / [0.150moles]

0.6339 = [Na2HPO4] / [0.150moles]

0.095 moles = [Na2HPO4]

The mass of each salt that we must weigh is:

NaH2PO4 -Molar mass: 119.98g/mol-

0.150mol * (119.98g/mol) = 17.997g Na2HPO4

Na2HPO4 -Molar mass: 141.96g/mol-

0.095 moles * (141.96g / mol) = 13.486g of NaH2PO4

Thus, to prepare the buffer we have to:

Weigh 17.997g Na2HPO4 and 13.486g of NaH2PO4 dissolving those salts in 1.00L of deionized water

Answer:

A

Explanation:

liquids thake the shape of what holds them so shape is changing and volume is the same

The bond energy of the Br-Cl bond would be 217.2 KJ/mol.

\(Cl_{2}\) + \(Br_{2}\)   ----> 2 Br - Cl

Δ H° reaction = (bond of energy of \(Cl_{2}\) + bond energy of \(Br_{2}\) ) - 2 (bond energy of Br - Cl)

1.6 = 243 + 193 - 2 (B.E of Br - Cl)

Bond energy of Br - Cl = 243 + 193 - 1.6 / 2 = 217.2 KJ/mol

Electrostatic forces between negatively charged electrons and positively charged atomic nuclei produce bonds. The amount of energy required to separate the atoms forming a molecular bond into free atoms is known as bond energy, and it serves as a gauge of the strength of a chemical connection.

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Answer:

are u ok

Explanation:

Regarding global warming, most scientists agree that if we continue to burn fossil fuels at an accelerating rate: climate changes will primarily hurt poor people who live in warm places.

Most scientists agree that if we continue to burn fossil fuels at an accelerating rate, climate changes will primarily hurt poor people who live in warm places, but the climate changes are primarily being caused by wealthier people in colder places. Climate change, including global warming, is caused by an increase in the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. These gases trap heat from the sun, causing the Earth's temperature to rise. The burning of fossil fuels, such as coal, oil, and natural gas, is a major contributor to the increase in greenhouse gases. While climate change will affect everyone, it is expected to have a disproportionate impact on vulnerable populations, including those who live in poverty and in areas that are already prone to extreme weather events. These populations are often least equipped to adapt to the impacts of climate change, such as rising sea levels, increased frequency and severity of storms, and crop failures.

Therefore, it is important for all countries to work together to reduce their greenhouse gas emissions and mitigate the impacts of climate change. This will require a global effort to transition away from fossil fuels and towards clean, renewable energy sources.

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The molecule with the largest bond dissociation energy if all bonds are broken is N2. Because it has a triple bond, the nitrogen molecule has the highest bond energy.

The energy needed to dissociate a chemical bond is referred to as the bond-dissociation energy. It is regarded as a gauge for the strength of bonds. This is because N2 has the strongest triple bond present in any molecule, which allows for the highest bond dissociation energy. The triple bond in N2 is formed by two nitrogen atoms sharing three pairs of electrons, which allows for a much stronger bond than any other molecule. This bond is so strong that it requires significantly more energy to break it, resulting in a higher bond dissociation energy than any other molecule.

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Answer:

m = 20.9 g.

Explanation:

Hello there!

In this case, according to the given information, it turns out possible for us to solve this problem by recalling both the Avogadro's number for the calculation of the moles in the given molecules of calcium phosphate and the molar mass of this compound in order to secondly calculate the mass as shown on the following setup:

\(m=4.05x10^{22}molecules*\frac{1mol}{6.022x10^{23}}*\frac{310.18g}{1mol}\\\\m=20.9g\)

Regards!

Answer:

9 . this was not able the first one. it has to go on, I will not sure about

Answer:

When the weather is nice, many people begin to work on their yards and homes. For many projects, sand is needed as a foundation for a walk or to add to other materials. You could order up twenty million grains of sand and have people really stare at you. You could order by the pound, but that takes a lot of time weighing out. The best bet is to order by the yard, meaning a cubic yard. The loader can easily scoop up what you need and put it directly in your truck.

Avogadro’s Number

It certainly is easy to count bananas or to count elephants (as long as you stay out of their way). However, you would be counting grains of sugar from your sugar canister for a long, long time. Atoms and molecules are extremely small – far, far smaller than grains of sugar. Counting atoms or molecules is not only unwise, it is absolutely impossible. One drop of water contains about 10 22 molecules of water. If you counted 10 molecules every second for 50 years without stopping you would have counted only 1.6 × 10 10 molecules. Put another way, at that counting rate, it would take you over 30 trillion years to count the water molecules in one tiny drop.

Explanation:

Answer: 5,266

Explanation:

5,266

The NO3- ion is the conjugate base of a strong acid, it will not affecy the pH, but Cu2+ ion is not conjugate acid of a strong base, it will affect the pH.

we can use the approximation that [Cu2+] = initial concentration of Cu(NO3)2 because the is Ka is very small

Solve for [H+]:

Answer:

this should help *not a virus

Explanation:

https://kidshealth.org/en/teens/digestive-system.html

12. A monosaccharide is exactly the type of molecule shown below, which is a carbohydrate.

Carbohydrates are composed of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen in the ratio 1:2:1 in organic molecules. The simplest type of carbohydrate is a monosaccharide, which cannot be broken down further into smaller sugar molecules. They typically have three to seven carbon atoms and are composed of a single sugar molecule.

13. An amino acid is a special type of molecule that is shown in the description. The production and structure of proteins largely depend on amino acids, which are the basic components of proteins.

14. Nucleic acids are primarily used by living things to store and transmit genetic information. DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) and RNA (ribonucleic acid), two types of nucleic acids, carry instructions necessary for the production of proteins as well as for the operation and growth of cells.

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The statement is correct. The photoelectric effect refers to the phenomenon where electrons are ejected from the surface of a material when it is exposed to light. The frequency of light striking an electron in a metal must be above the threshold frequency in order for the photoelectric effect to occur.

The statement is correct. The photoelectric effect refers to the phenomenon where electrons are ejected from the surface of a material when it is exposed to light. However, for the photoelectric effect to occur, the frequency of the incident light must be above a certain threshold frequency.

The threshold frequency is the minimum frequency of light required to dislodge electrons from the material. Below this threshold frequency, regardless of the intensity or duration of the light, no electrons will be emitted.

This behavior can be explained by the particle-like nature of light, where light is composed of discrete packets of energy called photons. The energy of a photon is directly proportional to its frequency. Only photons with energy greater than or equal to the binding energy of the electrons in the material can dislodge them.

Therefore, the frequency of light striking an electron in a metal must be above the threshold frequency in order for the photoelectric effect to occur.

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Answer:

radiation, hope this helps

The decomposition of aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid,\(C_{9} H_{8} O_{4}\)) can occur through the hydrolysis reaction, resulting in the formation of acetic acid (\(CH_{3} COOH\)) and salicylic acid (\(C_{7} H_{6}O_{3}\)).

The decomposition of aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid, \(C_{9} H_{8} O_{4}\)) can occur through the hydrolysis reaction, resulting in the formation of acetic acid (\(CH_{3} COOH\)) and salicylic acid (\(C_{7} H_{6}O_{3}\)). To determine the moles of each product formed, we need to consider the balanced chemical equation for the reaction:

\(C_{9} H_{8} O_{4} = > C_{7} H_{6}O_{3} +CH_{3} COOH\)

From the equation, we can see that for every 1 mole of aspirin, 1 mole of salicylic acid and 1 mole of acetic acid are produced.

Therefore, the moles of salicylic acid and acetic acid formed will be equal to the number of moles of aspirin that decomposes. If we know the amount of aspirin in moles, we can directly calculate the moles of each product based on stoichiometry.

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Answer:

Explanation:

Heat gained by steel bar will be equal to heat lost by the water

\(Q_1=-Q_2\)

Mass of steel= \(m_1\)

Specific heat capacity of steel = \(c_1=0.452 J/g^oC\)

Initial temperature of the steel = \(T_1=2.00^oC\)

Final temperature of the steel = \(T_2=T=21.50^oC\)

\(Q_1=m_1c_1\times (T-T_1)\)

Mass of water= \(m_2= 105 g\)

Specific heat capacity of water=\(c_2=4.18 J/g^oC\)

Initial temperature of the water = \(T_3=22.00^oC\)

Final temperature of water = \(T_2=T=21.50^oC\)

\(Q_2=m_2c_2\times (T-T_3)-Q_1=Q_2(m_1c_1\times (T-T_1))=-(m_2c_2\times (T-T_3))\)

On substituting all values:

\((m_1\times 0.452 J/g^oC\times (21.50^o-2.00^oC))=-(105 g\times 4.18 J/g^oC\times (21.50^o-22.00^o))\\\\m_1*8.7914=241.395\\\\m_1=\frac{219.45}{8.7914} \\\\m_1=24.9\\\\ \approx25 \texttt {grams}\)

Answer:

\(m_{steel}=24.9g\)

Explanation:

Hello,

In this case, since the water is initially hot, the released heat by it is gained by the steel rod since it is initially cold which in energetic terms is illustrated by:

\(\Delta H_{water}=-\Delta H_{steel}\)

That in terms of mass, specific heat and temperature change is:

\(m_{water}Cp_{water}(T_f-T_{water})=-m_{steel}Cp_{steel}(T_f-T_{steel})\)

Thus, we simply solve for the mass of the steel rod:

\(m_{steel}=\frac{m_{water}Cp_{water}(T_f-T_{water})}{-Cp_{steel}(T_f-T_{steel})} \\\\m_{steel}=\frac{105mL*\frac{1g}{1mL}*4.18\frac{J}{g\°C}*(21.50-22.00)\°C}{-0.452\frac{J}{g\°C}*(21.50-2.00)\°C} \\\\m_{steel}=24.9g\)

Best regards.

Answer:

oxidation, synthesis, polymerization

Explanation: I took the test

The three types of reactions are product that is a chemically bonded combination of reactants are oxidation, synthesis, polymerization

Conclusively, we can therefore say that the three types of reactions are product that is a chemically bonded combination of reactants are oxidation, synthesis, polymerization

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