A key characteristic of aquatic dead zones is ________. A) a lack of water B) a low concentration of keystone species C) a high concentration of urban development D) a low concentration of oxygen E) low concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorus

The scientists those who contributed to scientific knowledge come from any part of the world.

The person who systematically collects and applies research and evidence in order to form hypotheses and test them for gaining and sharing the understanding and knowledge is a scientist.

They are not particularly present in a certain area. They can be from any part of the world either it can be small region or developed region.

Thus, it can be concluded that the scientists those contributed to the scientific knowledge come from all parts of the world.

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Explanation:

A common question is: Does the color of light affect plant growth? The color of light DOES affect plant growth, but the effect is more noticeable under low light intensity. Red & blue light are most effective for plant growth, while yellow & green have minimal effect. UV light can damage plants, ca

Answer:

The correct answer is -muscular system and skeletal system.

Explanation:

The skeletal system and the muscular system work together to move the body or body parts. Different types of tissues form the muscular system that and their action on bones controls the movement of the body in vertebrates.

Tendons are tough muscles that attach with the bones and joints allow the movement by contraction of muscle that helps in moving bones from joint. Muscle normally acts by contracting and relaxing in pairs.

Answer: Cerebellum

Explanation: I took the test

Answer:

c; asthenosphere and crust

Explanation:

the crust is under the asthenosphere and much thinner than the asthenosphere

other than that everything else is correct

Answer:

1. D

2. A

3. A

4. C

5. B

6. B

7. D

8. A

9. E

10. C

Explanation:

The process of cellular respiration, which generally involves the synthesis of energy from carbohydrate molecule (glucose), occurs in four major steps in eukaryotic cells. These steps are glycolysis, kreb cycle, bridge or intermediate step and oxidative phosphorylation (electron transport chain).

The features of each step is highlighted below:

GLYCOLYSIS: This is the first stage if cellular respiration in which Glucose is broken down into 2 pyruvic acid (pyruvate). It can occur without oxygen in the system and it uses 2 ATP molecules to start the process.

INTERMEDIATE STAGE: This stage is also called bridge or transition reaction. It does not produce any ATP molecule but only prepares the reaction for aerobic respiration in the mitochondria by turning Pyruvate molecule into acetyl CoA.

KREB'S CYCLE: This is the third step in the process. AcetylcoA undergoes series of chemical processes to release 4 carbon dioxide molecules and generates FADH2 and NADH electron carriers. It takes two cycles to process two glucose molecules that is used in the respiration process.

ELECTRON TRANSPORT CHAIN: In this stage, approximately 34 ATP molecules are produced in the mitochondria using enzyme called ATP synthase, which catalyse the conversion of ADP to ATP.

ANAEROBIC RESPIRATION: This type of respiration occurs in the absence of oxygen. In animal cells, lactic acid/lactate is produced and stored in the muscle as an end product

A higher biodiversity index generally indicates a healthier ecosystem with a greater variety of species and a more balanced ecological structure. Therefore, the ecosystem with a biodiversity index of 0.65 is expected to be healthier compared to the one with a biodiversity index of 0.23.

When comparing the health of ecosystems, the biodiversity index is a measure that provides insights into the diversity and balance of species within an ecosystem. A higher biodiversity index generally indicates a healthier ecosystem with a greater variety of species and a more balanced ecological structure. Conversely, a lower biodiversity index suggests a less healthy ecosystem with lower species diversity and potentially imbalanced ecological relationships.

In this case, the ecosystem with a biodiversity index of 0.65 is expected to be healthier compared to the one with a biodiversity index of 0.23. The higher index of 0.65 suggests a greater diversity of species and a more robust ecological network. This ecosystem is likely to have a wider range of plant and animal species, including different trophic levels and functional roles, leading to increased stability and resilience in the face of environmental changes or disturbances. The interactions between species, such as pollination, predation, and nutrient cycling, are likely to be more intricate and efficient in a higher biodiversity ecosystem.

On the other hand, the ecosystem with a biodiversity index of 0.23 indicates a lower level of species diversity. This suggests a reduced variety of species and potentially imbalanced ecological relationships. The ecosystem may be more vulnerable to disruptions or environmental changes due to a narrower range of species and limited functional redundancy. The loss or decline of certain species within this ecosystem could have a more significant impact on its overall stability and functioning.

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The zone of inhibition is a clear area around an antimicrobial disk or other substance where the growth of microorganisms is inhibited. It is typically measured as the diameter of the clear area in millimeters.

Measuring the zone of inhibition can be used to design an experiment to test the effectiveness of different antimicrobial agents against a particular strain of microorganism.

The experiment would involve growing the microorganism on a solid growth medium and then placing paper disks containing different antimicrobial agents onto the surface of the medium.

After incubation, the clear zone around each disk would be measured and compared to determine which antimicrobial agent is most effective in inhibiting the growth of the microorganism. This information can be used to select the most appropriate treatment for infections caused by that microorganism.

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Answer:

Cytokinesis follows, dividing the cytoplasm of the two cells. At the conclusion of meiosis, there are four haploid daughter cells that go on to develop into either sperm or egg cells.

Answer:

1. you can start from pure vs having to purify which is very energy and cost intensive

you can avoid a lot of mining and the damage and cost that that brings, supplies are more available (inorganic can be exhausted a lot sooner)

the hope is that this will be the efficiency bump that will make renewables work

2. Her and her lab are using viruses to form carbon nanotubes into batteries and solar cells

It is quite cool

Explanation:

Answer:

Termites, wasps and bees

Explanation:

Wasps and bees - they live in hives to raise their larvae and use pheromones to communicate. They also have a queen in both.

Termites - practically the same thing as ants but they live in large mounds and have great communicaton.

In the moss life cycle, the diploid structures are labeled as sporophytes and sporangium.

Mosses have a life cycle that alternates between two generations: the haploid gametophyte generation and the diploid sporophyte generation. The gametophyte generation produces haploid gametes, which fuse during fertilization to form a diploid zygote.

The zygote develops into a diploid sporophyte, which is dependent on the gametophyte for nutrition. The sporophyte consists of a foot, seta, and capsule. The capsule contains sporangium, which is a diploid structure that produces spores through meiosis. When the capsule bursts, the spores are released and germinate to form a new gametophyte generation.

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The complete question is:

What are the diploid structures in moss life cycle?

The hypothesis that a codon is made up of three bases, allowing for a maximum of sixty-four different combinations to code for the various amino acids.

A codon of three bases in length, from four different bases, would code for a maximum of sixty-four different amino acids. This observation suggests that a codon, which is a sequence of bases in DNA or RNA, needs to have a length of three bases in order to encode all the different amino acids found in proteins. There are four different bases in DNA and RNA: adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G), and thymine (T) in DNA or uracil (U) in RNA.

If a codon were only two bases in length, as stated in option A, it would be limited to only 16 possible combinations (4^2), which is not enough to code for the 20 different amino acids commonly found in proteins. Option B also suggests a limited number of possible combinations (4^3), which would only allow for 64 combinations, but the statement is not accurate as it mentions twelve different amino acids.

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The various greenhouse gases' varying contributions to global warming are as follows: planting trees can reduce CO2 by 60%. More carbon dioxide is removed from the atmosphere by trees than is released.

Storms, heat waves, floods, and droughts are just a few of the disasters that are getting worse as a result of rising temperatures. Warmer temperatures produce an atmosphere that can hold onto, release, and gather more water. This alters weather patterns such that wet areas get wetter and dry ones to get drier.

The heat from the sun gets trapped on Earth as a result of greenhouse gas production. Global warming and climate change result from this. The rate of global warming is presently higher than it has ever been. Weather patterns are shifting as a result of warming temperatures, which is also upsetting the natural order.

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The four sequestered cells at one end are most probably destined to become the germ cells of the adult.

Germ cells are the founding cells of all of the species that sexually reproduce. They are separated from the embryo's other somatic cells throughout development. Germ cells grow near the edge of the embryo suitable in many animals before moving through a number of growing body tissues on their way to the maturing gonad. Germ cells have sex-specific shapes and the capacity to go through meiosis to produce eggs and sperm after they have reached the gonad.   The sperm genomes and haploid cells combine during fertilisation to create a whole new creature, and the eternal germ-line cycle will continue from one generation into the next. The one and only cells within the body that differentiate by meiotic dividing cells are those found in the germ line. This results in haploid gametes and produces genetic variances.

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Bacterial decomposers and detritus feeders are the main sources of energy for wastewater treatment plants when it comes to breaking down pathogenic organisms and organic matter in wastewater.

They include, among others, the nutrients phosphorus and nitrogen, as well as the chemical oxygen demand (COD), total organic carbon (TOC), and COD. Depending on how pollutants are classified and how the receiving waters are treated, different treatments will be used.

By using the microorganisms present in the sewage, the secondary step of treatment eliminates around 85% of the organic content. The goal of primary treatment is to remove floatable materials by skimming and to remove organic and inorganic solids that can be removed by sedimentation.

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Answer:

Your body breaks down your food into nutrients which is why it takes hours to fully digest food.The human body breaks down the

Food into Einto amino acids, starches into simple sugars, and fats into fatty acids and glycerol.

Answer:

Water, carbon dioxide, and oxygen are among the few simple molecules that can cross the cell membrane by diffusion (or a type of diffusion known as osmosis ).

It is possible for large molecules to enter a cell by a process called endocytosis, where a small piece of the cell membrane wraps around the particle and is brought into the cell. If the particle is solid, endocytosis is also called phagocytosis. If fluid droplets are taken in, the processes is called pinocytosis.

The sugar and the starch both are carbohydrate but there are differences is well. Sugar is in the form of monosaccharide while the starch is in the from of polysaccharide.

What is the difference in the molecular structure of table sugar vs. chains of starches, such as those found in potatoes?

The molecular structure of sugar is C12H22O11. Generally this formula is known as for the sucrose but the sucrose means the sugar molecule contains 12 atoms of carbon, 22 atoms of hydrogen and 11 atoms of oxygen.

Actually both these sugar and starch are the carbohydrates but there is a great difference between them. Sugar have the ability to form simple carbohydrate molecules like monosaccharides while starches form more complex carbohydrates linked together by different bonds.

So we can conclude that the sugar and the starch both are carbohydrate but there are differences is well. Sugar is in the form of monosaccharide while the starch is in the from of polysaccharide.

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Answer:

for part a it would be mechanical

for part b it would be warm

Explanation:

when you rub your hands together, it is mechanical energy and your hands become warm

hope this helps

Answer:

How Mutations Can Lead to Human Evolution?

Explanation:

A mutation is the random change in the nucleotide sequence or in the DNA organization (genotype) of a living being, [1] that produces a variation in its characteristics and that is not necessarily transmitted to the offspring. It occurs spontaneously and suddenly or due to the action of mutagens. This change will be present in a small proportion of the population (variant) or the organism (mutation). The genetic unit capable of mutating is the gene, the unit of hereditary information that is part of DNA.

In multicellular beings, mutations can only be inherited when they affect reproductive cells. A consequence of mutations can be, for example, a genetic disease. However, although they may seem harmful in the short term, mutations are essential to our long-term existence. Without mutation there would be no change, and without change life could not evolve.

this came out I hope it helps you

Answer:

Normally, transcription begins when an RNA polymerase binds to a so-called promoter sequence on the DNA molecule. ... Some regulatory proteins affect the transcription of multiple genes. This occurs because multiple copies of the regulatory protein binding sites exist within the genome of a cell.

Explanation:

Gene expression is the process of using a gene to produce a protein. It also comprises the processes of mRNA translation and DNA transcription for the production of the protein. It might potentially involve further protein processing after protein synthesis.

DNA to mRNA to protein translation. The simplest definition of gene expression is the production of the gene's corresponding protein, and this complex procedure involves two main phases.

Transcription is the process by which the data in DNA is converted into a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule in the initial phase.

Therefore, a cell's nucleus is where an mRNA transcript is created. The mRNA travels from the nucleus to the cytoplasm for the following stage of gene expression.

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Most phenotypic traits are complex due to polygenic inheritance and environmental influences.

Phenotypic traits often result from the combined effects of multiple genes (polygenic inheritance) and can be influenced by environmental factors. Punnett Squares, which illustrate single gene pair inheritance, are not suitable for capturing the complexity of such traits. Additionally, environmental factors can interact with genetic factors, leading to variations in trait expression.

To measure complex phenotypic traits, alternative approaches are used. Quantitative measurements, such as height or weight, provide precise numerical values. Statistical analysis helps identify patterns, correlations, and heritability estimates in populations. It involves studying large sample sizes and employing statistical models to understand the contributions of genetic and environmental factors. Molecular genetics advancements have further enhanced our ability to study complex traits at the genetic level.

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Lactic acid builds up and much less ATP is produced by the anaerobic energy system than by the aerobic energy system.

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Purines and pyrimidines are nitrogen-containing organic molecules that are important building blocks of nucleic acids, such as DNA and RNA.

Purines are heterocyclic aromatic organic compounds that contain a double-ring structure consisting of a six-membered ring fused to a five-membered ring. The two major purines found in nucleic acids are adenine (A) and guanine (G). Adenine forms two hydrogen bonds with thymine (T) in DNA or uracil (U) in RNA, and guanine forms three hydrogen bonds with cytosine (C).

Pyrimidines, on the other hand, are heterocyclic aromatic organic compounds that contain a single six-membered ring. The three major pyrimidines found in nucleic acids are cytosine (C), thymine (T), and uracil (U). Cytosine forms three hydrogen bonds with guanine (G), while thymine forms two hydrogen bonds with adenine (A) in DNA, and uracil forms two hydrogen bonds with adenine (A) in RNA.

Purines and pyrimidines are important for the structure and function of nucleic acids. They are the base pairs that form the "rungs" of the DNA double helix, and they play a critical role in the replication, transcription, and translation of genetic information.

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When the wave's amplitude is equal to half of this height (H), the wave's amplitude is 0.5 H.

The amplitude of waves is the maximum height attained by the wave. The amplitude of a wave is the maximum vertical displacement of the wave.

When the wave's amplitude is equal to half of this height, the amplitude is calculated as follows;

Let the height = H

Amplitude = 0.5 H

Thus, when the wave's amplitude is equal to half of this height (H), the wave's amplitude is 0.5 H.

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The background information of a lab report is important because it provides context for the study, helps readers understand the research's relevance, enables scientists to replicate the experiment, and offers readers a summary of the study's outcomes.

In scientific experiments, a lab report is an important element of the process. A laboratory report provides a summary of the research you conducted, the findings, The lab report should begin with a statement of the experiment's purpose, followed by the background, hypothesis, methodology, results.

The purpose of the background section is to provide your readers with context for the research you conducted. The introduction should provide relevant context for the experiment so that readers can comprehend the importance of the research. The hypothesis states what you intend to accomplish with the experiment.

The methodology section describes the research methods used to achieve your goal. This part should be precise and comprehensive enough to enable another scientist to replicate the study.The results section provides a summary of the findings of the experiment. This section provides a thorough explanation of the findings and their implications for the experiment's objectives.

Overall assessment of the experiment's outcomes. It should restate the purpose of the experiment. It should summarize the results, highlight the important findings, and describe any limitations of the study.

The background information of a lab report is important because it provides context for the study, helps readers understand the research's relevance, enables scientists to replicate the experiment, and offers readers a summary of the study's outcomes. It also helps to prove that the results of the experiment are scientifically valid, providing a thorough explanation of the findings and their implications for the experiment's objectives.

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Answer:

phospholipid layer....

Answer:

Phospholipid bilayer

Explanation:

I studyed this a long time ago