A (green), B (blue), and C (red) are structural isomers. The molecular filmstrip depicts them undergoing a chemical change as time proceeds.(a) Write a mechanism for the reaction.

Answer:

im pretty sure its groundwater just read this and see the answer

Explanation:

The ocean holds about 97 percent of the Earth's water; the remaining three percent is found in glaciers and ice, below the ground, in rivers and lakes. Of the world's total water supply of about 332 million cubic miles of water, about 97 percent is found in the ocean.

Carbon-14 undergoes beta decay, emitting an electron (β-) and transforming into nitrogen-14. The resulting element is nitrogen (symbol: N), the nucleon number is 14, and the neutron number is 8.

In beta decay, a neutron in the nucleus of an atom is converted into a proton, releasing an electron and an antineutrino. In the case of carbon-14 (symbol: ¹⁴C), one of the neutrons undergoes beta decay, transforming into a proton. As a result, the carbon-14 nucleus gains one proton, changing its atomic number from 6 (carbon) to 7 (nitrogen). Since the atomic number corresponds to the number of protons, the resulting element is nitrogen (symbol: N).

Carbon-14 has a nucleon number of 14, which represents the sum of protons and neutrons in the nucleus. During beta decay, the nucleon number remains the same since the total number of protons and neutrons doesn't change. Therefore, nitrogen-14 also has a nucleon number of 14.

To determine the neutron number of nitrogen-14, subtract the atomic number (7) from the nucleon number (14). Thus, the neutron number is 14 - 7 = 7.

In summary, when carbon-14 undergoes beta decay, it transforms into nitrogen-14, with the resulting element being nitrogen (N), a nucleon number of 14, and a neutron number of 7.

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The total activity of the sample two hours after removal from the reactor core is 0.7552 MBq. The sample can be given to the researcher 11 hours and 42 minutes after removal from the reactor core.

Question 1The total activity of the NaCl sample two hours after removal from the reactor core can be calculated using the equation of radioactive decay.

Activity = Initial activity × (1/2)t/h

where

Activity = activity at time t

Initial activity = activity at time zero

h = half-life

t = time

For Na-24, t = 2 hours, h = 15 hours, and initial activity = 1 MBq.

Activity of Na-24 after 2 hours= 1 × (1/2)2/15= 0.7552 MBq

Therefore, the total activity of the sample two hours after removal from the reactor core is 0.7552 MBq.

Question 2The activity of the Cl-38 after time t can be calculated using the equation below:

Activity of Cl-38 = Initial activity of Cl-38 × (1/2)t/h

where

Activity = activity at time tInitial activity = activity at time zeroh = half-life

t = time

For Na-24, t = 2 hours, h = 15 hours, and initial activity = 1 MBq.

For Cl-38, t = ?, h = 37.2 minutes (0.62 hours), and initial activity = 2.7 MBq.

The researcher wants the Cl-38 activity to be 1% of the Na-24 activity.

Activity of Cl-38 = 0.01 × activity of Na-24= 0.01 × 1= 0.01 MBq

Activity of Cl-38 = Initial activity of Cl-38 × (1/2)t/h0.01 = 2.7 × (1/2)t/0.62(1/2)t/0.62 = 0.01/2.7(1/2)t/0.62 = 0.0037037(1/2)t = log 0.0037037/ log 0.50.5t = 5.8546t = 11.7092 hours (to the nearest minute)= 11 hours 42 minutes

Therefore, the sample can be given to the researcher 11 hours and 42 minutes after removal from the reactor core.

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Explanation:

2..0×1024 molecules c2 h6

Answer:

b. 760 g

Explanation:

The mass of the solution = 800 g

5% of NaCl by mass of the solution can be determined as follows;

    5% of 800  =  \(\frac{5}{100}\) × 800

                       = 5 × 8

                       = 40 g

The mass of NaCl in the solution is 40 g.

The mass of water = mass of solution - mass of NaCl

                               = 800 - 40

                              = 760 g

Therefore, the mass of water required is 760 g.

Answer:

You get CaCl2 (Calcium chloride)

Explanation:

Calcium has a +2 charge and chlorine has a -1 charge. You need the net ionic charge to equal zero so you need two chlorine atoms to have the +2 cancel out. You end up with CaCl2.

The balanced equation for the neutralization reaction between NaOH and H2SO4 can be given as follows: H2SO4 + 2NaOH → Na2SO4 + 2H2OThe stoichiometry of the reaction shows that 1 mole of H2SO4 reacts with 2 moles of NaOH.

We can calculate the moles of NaOH that reacted as follows:0.164 M NaOH = 0.164 moles/Liter

Therefore, the number of moles of NaOH present in 32.63 mL can be calculated as follows:

0.164 moles/L * 0.03263 L

= 0.00535 moles

Now we know that 0.00535 moles of NaOH were present in 25.00 mL of H2SO4. Since the stoichiometry shows that 1 mole of H2SO4 reacts with 2 moles of NaOH, we can calculate the number of moles of H2SO4 that were present in 25.00 mL of H2SO4 as follows:

0.00535 moles of NaOH * 1 mole of H2SO4/2 moles of NaOH

= 0.002675 moles of H2SO4

Now that we know the number of moles of H2SO4 present in 25.00 mL of solution, we can calculate the molarity of the solution as follows:

Molarity = Moles of solute/Volume of solution (in liters)

Molarity = 0.002675 moles/0.02500 Liters

= 0.107 M H2SO4

Therefore, the molarity of the H2SO4 solution is 0.107 M.

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The option (1) water supply i.e. the biotic factor that affect the human most.

An ecosystem's overall health is also influenced by biotic factors such as the diversity of consumers and the presence of autotrophs, or self-sustaining organisms like plants. Abiotic variables have an impact on an organism's capacity for survival and reproduction. Abiotic barriers prevent the formation of population .

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Answer:

C) Chalk powder

Explanation:

that's why it's often used in gymnastics ~~sweaty hands yk

The balanced reaction of this chemical reaction is as follows :

• As we can see, this is a double-displament reaction

ANSWER

The final pressure of the gas is 342.31 torr

EXPLANATION

Given that;

The initial pressure of the gas is 767.7 torr

The initial volume of the container is 58.1 mL

The final volume of the container is 130.3mL

Follow the steps below to find the final pressure of the gas

In the given data, the temperature of the gas is fixed, therefore, we can apply Boyle's law to find the volume

Step 1; States Boyle's law

Boyle's law states that the volume of a given mass is inversely proportional to its applied pressure provided that the temperature of the gas remains constant.

Mathematically

Step 2; Substitute the given data into the above formula

Therefore, the final pressure of the gas is 342.31 torr

Answer:

1/32

Explanation:

a) The sphere emits thermal radiation at a rate of 139.75 Watts.

b) The sphere absorbs thermal radiation at a rate of 37.66 Watts.

c) The sphere's net rate of energy exchange is 102.09 Watts.

To calculate the rates of thermal radiation emission and absorption, we can use the Stefan-Boltzmann law, which states that the rate of thermal radiation emitted or absorbed by an object is proportional to its surface area, temperature, and the Stefan-Boltzmann constant.

a) The rate of thermal radiation emitted by the sphere can be calculated using the formula:

Emitting Rate = emissivity * surface area * Stefan-Boltzmann constant * (\(temperature^4 - environment\ temperature^4\))

Plugging in the given values:

Emitting Rate = \(0.924 * (4\pi * (0.457)^2) * 5.67 \times 10^{-8} * ((32.2 + 273.15)^4 - (82.9 + 273.15)^4)\)

Emitting Rate ≈ 139.75 Watts

b) The rate of thermal radiation absorbed by the sphere can be calculated in a similar way but using the environment temperature as the object's temperature:

Absorbing Rate = emissivity * surface area * Stefan-Boltzmann constant * (\(environment\ temperature^4 - temperature^4\))

Plugging in the given values:

Absorbing Rate = \(0.924 * (4\pi * (0.457)^2) * 5.67 \times 10^{-8} * ((82.9 + 273.15)^4 - (32.2 + 273.15)^4)\)

Absorbing Rate ≈ 37.66 Watts

c) The net rate of energy exchange is the difference between the emitting rate and the absorbing rate:

Net Rate = Emitting Rate - Absorbing Rate

Net Rate = 139.75 Watts - 37.66 Watts

Net Rate ≈ 102.09 Watts

Therefore, the sphere emits thermal radiation at a rate of 139.75 Watts, absorbs thermal radiation at a rate of 37.66 Watts, and has a net rate of energy exchange of 102.09 Watts.

Note: The units for all the rates are Watts.

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In acid base chemistry, a proton is Hydrozen H+ atom that has lost its electron. thus it is an ion that has the symbol , and not a proton from the nucleus of an atom.

What is the purpose of the nucleus?

The nucleus houses the genes, which are the structures that carry the hereditary information, and governs and controls the functions of the cell (such as growth and metabolism).

                         The nucleus frequently contains tiny structures known as nucleoli. The nucleoplasm is the gel-like matrix that contains the suspended nuclear parts.

What resides in a cell's nucleus?

The center of each cell is known as the nucleus, and it houses chromosome-organized DNA.

                   The nuclear envelope, a twofold nuclear membrane (outer and inner) that separates the nucleus from the cytoplasm, is present around it.

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Answer:

Combustion, or burning,[1] is a high-temperature exothermic redox chemical reaction between a fuel (the reductant) and an oxidant, usually atmospheric oxygen, that produces oxidized, often gaseous products, in a mixture termed as smoke. Combustion does not always result in fire, because a flame is only visible when substances undergoing combustion vapourise, but when it does, a flame is a characteristic indicator of the reaction. While the activation energy must be overcome to initiate combustion (e.g., using a lit match to light a fire), the heat from a flame may provide enough energy to make the reaction self-sustaining. Combustion is often a complicated sequence of elementary radical reactions. Solid fuels, such as wood and coal, first undergo endothermic pyrolysis to produce gaseous fuels whose combustion then supplies the heat required to produce more of them. Combustion is often hot enough that incandescent light in the form of either glowing or a flame is produced. A simple example can be seen in the combustion of hydrogen and oxygen into water vapor, a reaction commonly used to fuel rocket engines. This reaction releases 242 kJ/mol of heat and reduces the enthalpy accordingly (at constant temperature and pressure):



The flames caused as a result of a fuel undergoing combustion (burning)



Air pollution abatement equipment provides combustion control for industrial processes.

2H

2(g) + O

2(g) → 2H

2O(g)

Combustion of an organic fuel in air is always exothermic because the double bond in O2 is much weaker than other double bonds or pairs of single bonds, and therefore the formation of the stronger bonds in the combustion products CO

2 and H

2O results in the release of energy.[2] The bond energies in the fuel play only a minor role, since they are similar to those in the combustion products; e.g., the sum of the bond energies of CH4 is nearly the same as that of CO

2. The heat of combustion is approximately −418 kJ per mole of O2 used up in the combustion reaction, and can be estimated from the elemental composition of the fuel.[2]

Uncatalyzed combustion in air requires relatively high temperatures. Complete combustion is stoichiometric concerning the fuel, where there is no remaining fuel, and ideally, no residual oxidant. Thermodynamically, the chemical equilibrium of combustion in air is overwhelmingly on the side of the products. However, complete combustion is almost impossible to achieve, since the chemical equilibrium is not necessarily reached, or may contain unburnt products such as carbon monoxide, hydrogen and even carbon (soot or ash). Thus, the produced smoke is usually toxic and contains unburned or partially oxidized products. Any combustion at high temperatures in atmospheric air, which is 78 percent nitrogen, will also create small amounts of several nitrogen oxides, commonly referred to as NOx, since the combustion of nitrogen is thermodynamically favored at high, but not low temperatures. Since burning is rarely clean, fuel gas cleaning or catalytic converters may be required by law.

Fires occur naturally, ignited by lightning strikes or by volcanic products. Combustion (fire) was the first controlled chemical reaction discovered by humans, in the form of campfires and bonfires, and continues to be the main method to produce energy for humanity. Usually, the fuel is carbon, hydrocarbons, or more complicated mixtures such as wood that contains partially oxidized hydrocarbons. The thermal energy produced from combustion of either fossil fuels such as coal or oil, or from renewable fuels such as firewood, is harvested for diverse uses such as cooking, production of electricity or industrial or domestic heating. Combustion is also currently the only reaction used to power rockets. Combustion is also used to destroy (incinerate) waste, both nonhazardous and hazardous.

Oxidants for combustion have high oxidation potential and include atmospheric or pure oxygen, chlorine, fluorine, chlorine trifluoride, nitrous oxide and nitric acid. For instance, hydrogen burns in chlorine to form hydrogen chloride with the liberation of heat and light characteristic of combustion. Although usually not catalyzed, combustion can be catalyzed by platinum or vanadium, as in the contact process.

b) Microwaves, Visible light, X rays, Gamma rays

Answer:

Explanation:

The density of a substance can be found by using the formula

\(density = \frac{mass}{volume} \\ \)

From the question we have

\(density = \frac{15}{14} \\ =1.0714285 ...\)

We have the final answer as

Hope this helps you

Ammonia (NH₃) is weak electrolytes

In aqueous, a weak electrolytes is one that doesn't completely dissociate.

Ammonia is a weak base that forms salts when it reacts with acids. It interacts with HCl to generate ammonium chloride. Ammonia molecules are protonated to 99.4% but do not entirely ionise, making it a weak base and electrolyte.

Pure, liquid ammonia is an insulator (like pure water) and does not conduct electricity.

Ammonia is a weak electrolyte that is also a weak base. As previously stated, acetic acid is a molecular molecule that is both a weak acid and an electrolyte. Ammonia, NH3, is another simple molecular molecule that interacts with water to create ammonium and hydroxide ions.

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Answer:

HCl

Explanation:

1 hydrogen 1 chlorine

Chemical formula of hydroxide ion is OH\(^-\) as the ion has 9 protons and 10 electrons and 1 extra electron results in generation of negative charge on the ion.

Chemical  formula is a way of representing the number of atoms present in a compound or molecule.It is written with the help of symbols  of elements. It also makes use of brackets and subscripts.

Subscripts are used to denote number of atoms of each element and brackets indicate presence of group of atoms. Chemical formula does not contain words. Chemical formula in the simplest form  is called empirical formula.

It is not the same as structural formula and does not have any information regarding structure.It does not provide any information regarding structure of molecule as obtained in structural formula.

There are four types of chemical formula:

1)empirical formula

2) structural formula

3)condensed formula

4)molecular formula

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Lung compliance may be abnormally high or low due to atelectasis, pulmonary fibrosis, and emphysema.

Lung compliance, also known as pulmonary compliance, is a gauge of the lung's extensibility. It is divided into static compliance and dynamic compliance measurements in clinical practice. The volume change for any given applied pressure is referred to as static lung compliance. Pulmonary fibrosis, pneumonia, and pulmonary edema are frequent causes of decreased lung compliance. An increase in resistance is a symptom of an obstructive lung disease. The pressure volume relationship is identical to that in a healthy lung during normal breathing. Low compliance denotes a stiff lung and can be compared to a thick balloon, as is frequently the case in fibrosis. Emphysema patients frequently have high compliance, which indicates pliable lung tissue and can be compared to a grocery bag.

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A physical change will occur when boiling water, tea, sugar, and ice are combined to form sweet iced tea.

A physical change is a change affecting the form of a chemical substance, but not its chemical composition.

The characteristics of some physical changes are as follows:

According to this question, one makes a glass of refreshing sweet iced tea by combining boiling water, tea, sugar, and ice on a hot summer day. The resulting solution is an example of a mixture, which contains constituents that retain their individual identity.

This suggests that the change is a physical change because there is no formation of a new substance.

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Sub-culturing, or transferring a small amount of microbial culture from one culture vessel to another, is a common laboratory technique used to maintain and propagate microbial cultures.

Several steps are essential during sub-culturing to prevent contamination and ensure accurate and reliable results.

Flaming the inoculating instrument prior to and after each inoculation is important to sterilize the instrument and prevent cross-contamination between cultures.

The high temperature of the flame kills any residual bacteria on the instrument, ensuring that the subsequent culture is not contaminated with unwanted microbes.

Holding the test tube caps in the hand during transferring is necessary to prevent contamination from the environment.

Placing the caps on the lab bench can cause them to pick up unwanted microbes, which can then be transferred to the culture when the cap is replaced.

Cooling the inoculating instrument prior to obtaining the inoculum is important to prevent heat damage to the microbial culture.

Heat can kill or damage microbes, so cooling the instrument to room temperature before obtaining the inoculum ensures that the microbes are not damaged during the transfer process.

Flaming the neck of the tubes immediately after uncapping and before recapping is essential to prevent contamination of the culture with unwanted microbes in the air.

Flaming the neck of the tube sterilizes the opening, preventing airborne microbes from contaminating the culture during the transfer process.

Overall, these steps are essential to maintain the purity and integrity of microbial cultures during sub-culturing, which is important for accurate and reliable results in microbiology research and diagnosis.

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Answer:

Explanation:

1. The element you selected is Sodium. some of the physical properties are

i. Sodium has a strong metallic lustre

ii. Sodium are usually silver white in color

iii. Sodium is soft it can be cut with knife

iv. Sodium are malleable and ductile.

v.  Sodium conduct electricity

Sodium belong to group 1 elements which are called Alkali metals. Sodium have one valency electron and it gives this electron easily during bonding . This is one reason sodium and other alkali metals are very reactive. Sodium can instantly be oxidized by water.  Sodium has a relative atomic mass of approximately 23 amu.

2. There are various models that describe atoms .This models includes John Dalton models, J.J Thompson model, Ernest Rutherford model, Bohr's models etc. This models made us understand the role and location of each sub atomic particles. The models shed more light on subatomic particles like electron which revolve around the nucleus.  It provide more information on what contribute to the weight of an atom.

3. The proton , neutron and electron are subatomic particles of an atom. The proton and the neutron are located at the nucleus of an atom.  The proton and neutron contributes majorly to the weight of an atom. The proton is positively charge while neutron has no charge.

Electron is found to move around the nucleus in cloud. The electron is negatively charge. The electron determines bonding of atoms. An atom is electrically neutral if the number of proton is equal to the number of electron.

4. The four fundamental forces includes weak nuclear forces , strong nuclear forces , gravity and electromagnetic forces.

Weak nuclear forces is responsible for particle decay .Nuclear forces don't play a role in chemical reaction . If they are involve in a reaction it becomes nuclear reaction not chemical reaction.

Strong nuclear forces causes a strong nuclear interaction and it is the strongest among the 4 fundamental forces. This strong force only operate when subatomic particles are much closer to each other.

Gravity force is too weak to affect chemical reaction much. The gravity forces involves the interaction between two objects with energy and mass.

The electromagnetic force act between charged particles like negatively charged electron and positively charged proton. Electromagnetic force is the most important force in chemical bonding as it depends on the arrangement of atoms and the state of their electron. Electromagnetic forces exist in various forms like the covalent bond, metallic, ionic , dipole dipole, hydrogen bonds and many more. The major force involve in chemical bonding is the electromagnetic force.

Answer:

Explanation:

2H2O = H2 + O2

this ain't balanced because the value of hydrogen are not the same.

Answer:

Approximately 38%

What percentage of incoming students report not drinking at all in the past year? Approximately 38% of incoming college students reported not drinking at all in the past year.

Explanation:

Percentage of incoming college students who did not consume any alcohol is approximately 38%.

An alcoholic beverage is a drink that contains ethanol, a type of alcohol that acts as a drug and is produced by fermentation of grains, fruits, or other sources of sugar. The consumption of alcoholic drinks, often referred to as "drinking", plays an important social role in many cultures.

Alcohols are organic molecules assembled from carbon (C), oxygen (O), and hydrogen (H) atoms. When 2 carbons are present, the alcohol is called ethanol (also known as ethyl alcohol). Ethanol is the form of alcohol contained in beverages including beer, wine, and liquor.

The alcohol in alcoholic beverages is ethanol. Ethanol is a two carbon alcohol with a terminal hydroxyl group (-OH).

Alcohol interferes with the brain's communication pathways and can affect the way the brain looks and works.

Therefore, Percentage of incoming college students who did not consume any alcohol is approximately 38%.

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Answer:

A and D

Explanation:

It might seem like B and D but I took the test and it's A and D.

Answer:

B - To increase the rate of the reaction

Explanation:

Catalysts speed up the reaction without being reactants or products, so aren't used up in the reaction.