A disadvantage shared by wave, solar, and wind energy is that their production is dependent on natural factors such as weather and tides. This means that they may not always be available and reliable sources of energy.
A disadvantage shared by wave, solar, and wind energy is that they are all dependent on environmental conditions and can be intermittent. This means that their power generation is not consistent and can vary based on factors like weather conditions and time of day.
What is the energy conversion in a wind turbine? A. Thermal energy to wind energy to electric energy B. Electric energy to kinetic energy to chemical energy C.
To know more about wind energy:- https://brainly.com/question/26117202
#SPJ11
The answer to the question: "a disadvantage shared by wave, solar and wind energy is that __________."
A disadvantage shared by wave, solar, and wind energy is that they are all intermittent and dependent on environmental conditions, which can lead to fluctuations in power generation.
Learn more about wind energy: https://brainly.com/question/2031508
#SPJ11
What’s cat plus cat
?
if motor was running synch speed, then a load got caught to the motor what happens to torque, speed and frequency
When a motor running at synch speed gets caught in a load, the torque increases while the speed and frequency decrease.
This is because the motor is no longer running at its synchronous speed, resulting in a decrease in frequency and speed while an increase in torque. What is synchronous speed? Synchronous speed is the speed at which a motor's rotating magnetic field moves. It is determined by the number of stator poles and the frequency of the supply current. A synchronous motor's rotor rotates at the same speed as its stator's rotating magnetic field at synchronous speed. What is torque? A torque is a rotational force that is applied to an object. It is the force that causes an object to rotate around a pivot point or axis. Torque is usually measured in units of Newton meters (N-m) or pound-feet (lb-ft). What is the frequency? In electrical engineering, frequency refers to the number of cycles per second of an alternating current (AC) signal. The frequency of an AC signal is measured in hertz (Hz), which is equivalent to cycles per second.
Find out more about speed and frequency
brainly.com/question/29978667
#SPJ11
You are the curator of a museum. The museum is running short of funds, so you decide to increase revenue. Should you increase or decrease the price of admission? Explain
Answer:
Explanation:
If the museum is running short of funds, and you decide to increase revenue. An increase or decrease in the price of admission into the museum depends on the following:
1. If demand for admission into the museum is elastic there are two possible outcomes
a. An increase in the price of admission leads to a decrease in the quantity demand of admission into the museum
b. A decrease in price of admission into the museum leads to an increase in the quantity demand of admission into the museum.
This follows the law of demand which states that "the higher the price, the lower the quantity demanded and the lower the price, the higher the quantity demanded".
2. If the demand for admission into the museum is inelastic, then an increase in price will lead to an increase in revenue of the museum.
Therefore, before the curator increase the price of admission into the museum, he should first determine the price elasticity of demand of the museum.
According to Gentile, diversification is necessary for the later stages of learning open skills because one must be able to quickly adapt to the changing regulatory conditions of the skill. true or false?
The statement "According to Gentile, diversification is necessary for the later stages of learning open skills because one must be able to quickly adapt to the changing regulatory conditions of the skill" is true.
In the context of skill acquisition, open skills are those that require an individual to adapt and respond to a dynamic and unpredictable environment. As a learner progresses and becomes more proficient, diversification becomes crucial to enable them to effectively deal with various situations and changing regulatory conditions. By diversifying their skills, learners become more flexible and adaptable, enhancing their overall performance in open skills. Therefore, Gentile's assertion highlights the importance of diversification in the later stages of learning open skills.
Learn more about diversification : https://brainly.com/question/18647091
#SPJ11
Shania has started a new job as an app developer. Her first task was to make an old designed for Android available on other platforms. which of the following would make her job easiest and fastest?
How do cars moves? and explain Please.
Answer:
when car vroom it go electric
Explanation:
i think then it goes to some spinny thing that spins and make the electric and the electic spins the spinny thing and the smoke comes outside the back
System grounding on a power system means electrically connecting the __?__ of every wye-connected transformer or generator to earth.
Answer: Neutrals
Explanation: System grounding on a power system is a term used to describe the entire processes involved when a neutral is used as the conductor to connect to the solid earth. This ensures that power is generated. This is usually done using either an inductor, an impendance or a resistor. It is very important and necessary to carry out a proper grounding of a power system in order to ensure the safety of the equipment and the personnel etc
a parallel-plate capacitor has area a and plate separation d , and it is charged so that the electric field inside is e . use the formulas from the problem introduction to find the energy u of the capacitor. express your answer in terms of a , d , e , and appropriate constants.
The energy U of the capacitor is given by the formula below:
U = (1/2) ε0 e^2 a d
where ε0 is the permittivity of free space, e is the electric field, a is the area of the plates, and d is the separation between them.
Let us now substitute the given values in the above formula to get the value of energy U.
U = (1/2) ε0 e^2 a d
Therefore, the energy of the parallel-plate capacitor in terms of a, d, e, and appropriate constants is given by the above formula.
The energy U is proportional to the square of the electric field e and to the product of area a and plate separation d.
To know more about capacitor visit:
https://brainly.com/question/31627158
#SPJ11
Match the term to the correct definition. bus full mesh ring star
Bus: linear arrangement Round in the form of a ring Systems are arranged in the form of a star using wire in this topology. Mesh: A non-synchronized arrangement of systems.
What is star bus topology?This topology is referred to as a star bus topology since it incorporates different star topologies into a single bus. A bus or star topology is comparable to the widely used tree topology in networks.
What distinguishes mesh topology from star star?The most popular topology in home and office networks is the star topology because it is so simple to deploy, operate, and troubleshoot. A redundant network of connections between nodes forms a mesh topology.
To know more about Bus visit:-
brainly.com/question/16983212
#SPJ4
Terminal 2 on a Potential Relay goes to _______ ?
Answer:
Terminal 2 on a potential relay typically goes to the start winding of a motor.
Explanation:
The potential relay is an electromechanical device used in some types of motors to provide a temporary boost to the starting torque. Terminal 2 is connected to the start winding to assist in starting the motor.
A centrifugal pump levers water
to a boiter at the rate of 0.05mls
pressure rises across the
is 7 bar, the suction pipe 100m
I'm diameter, and delivering pipe
the
ритр
is 15mm diameter, the outlet
being 0.5m above the intet.
Calculate the efficiency of
the pump
the
kipe, it
power delivered to
the driving shaft is 45 kWatt
Answer:
Industrial users can select from numerous pump technologies for water supply and the handling of other liquid media. A particular favorite is the centrifugal pump. How do centrifugal pumps work? What different delivery principles are there? For which applications are centrifugal pumps especially well-suited?
Here we provide you an overview of the different types of centrifugal pumps. In addition, the operating principles are explained, and typical applications are listed also.
Explanation:
When identifying online resources, which web address endings should a student look for? Check all that apply.
Answer:
1 .edu
and
3 .gov
Explanation:
The other two are commercial sites.
When identifying online resources, .edu and .gov are some of the web address endings that should a student look for consistently.
What do you mean by Web address?Web address may be defined as a type of network address that significantly contains information about the location of the webpage. It is also known as the URL (uniform resource locator).
Like the address for your home, a web address organizes information about a web page's location in a predictable way. It is an interconnected system of public web pages accessible through the Internet. Every webpage, image, and video has its own unique Uniform Resource Locator (URL), which is also known as a web address.
Therefore, when identifying online resources, .edu and .gov are some of the web address endings that should a student look for consistently.
To learn more about Web addresses, refer to the link:
https://brainly.com/question/30393017
#SPJ6
Your question seems incomplete. The most probable complete question is as follows:
When identifying online resources, which web address endings should a student look for? Check all that apply.
.gov.in.edu.incwrite a boolean expression that is true if the value of x is equal to zero.
The boolean expression that is true if the value of x is equal to zero is 'x === 0'.
What is Boolean?
Boolean is a data type used in programming and mathematics to represent two possible values, true or false. It is used to perform logical operations on variables, such as comparison and logic. Boolean values are important in programming because they allow programs to respond to user input or other events, and they can be used to control the flow of a program. Boolean values can also be used to compare numbers, strings, and objects, as well as to determine whether a certain condition is true or false.
To know more about Boolean
https://brainly.com/question/2467366
#SPJ4
During the engineering design phase any previously unproven components should be further developed to the point where:
During the engineering design phase any previously unproven components should be further developed to the point where: D. all significant issues regarding their functional performance have been resolved.
What is the engineering design phase?In Computer technology, the engineering design phase can be defined as a critical part of the development of a new system that is typically focused on the design of all the components, in order to ensure that all the component parts would fit together as an operating whole, and in accordance with the system operational requirements.
During the engineering design phase, all significant issues regarding the functional performance of previously unproven components should be developed to the point where they have been resolved.
Read more on system development here: brainly.com/question/7112675
#SPJ4
Complete Question:
During the engineering design phase any previously unproven components should be further developed to the point where:
TRL and MRL are mature
interfaces and risks are clearly defined
requirements are clear and concise
all significant issues regarding their functional performance have been resolved
Air initially at 120 psia and 500o F is expanded by an adiabatic turbine to 15 psia and 200o F. Assuming air can be treated as an ideal gas and has variable specific heat. a) Determine the specific work output of the actual turbine (Btu/lbm). b) Determine the amount of specific entropy generation during the irreversible process (Btu/lbm R). c) Determine the isentropic efficiency of this turbine (%).
Answer:
a) specific work output of the actual turbine is 73.14 Btu/lbm
b) the amount of specific entropy generation during the irreversible process is 0.050416 Btu/lbm°R
c) Isentropic efficiency of the turbine is 70.76%
Explanation:
Given the data in the question;
For an adiabatic turbine; heat loss Q = 0
For Initial State;
p₁ = 120 psia
T₁ = 500°F = 959.67°R
from table; { Gas Properties of Air }
At T₁ = 959.67°R
\(s_1^0\) = 0.74102 Btu/lbm°R
\(h_1\) = 230.98 Btu/lbm
For Finial state;
p₂ = 15 psia
T₂ = 200°F = 659.67°R
\(s^0_{2a\) = 0.64889 Btu/lbm°R
\(h_{2a\) = 157.84 Btu/lbm
we know that R for air is 0.06855 Btu/lbm.R
a)
The specific work output of the actual turbine Wₐ is;
W\(_a\) = \(h_1\) - \(h_{2a\)
we substitute
W\(_a\) = 230.98 - 157.84
W\(_a\) = 73.14 Btu/lbm
Therefore, specific work output of the actual turbine is 73.14 Btu/lbm
b)
amount of specific entropy generation during the irreversible process.
To determine the entropy generation \(S_{gen\);
\(S_{gen\) = ΔS = \(s_{2a\) - \(s_1\) = \(s^0_{2a\) - \(s_1^0\) - R ln(\(\frac{p_2}{p_1}\))
we substitute in our values
\(S_{gen\) = 0.64889 - 0.74102 - 0.06855 ln(\(\frac{15}{120}\))
\(S_{gen\) = 0.64889 - 0.74102 + 0.1425457
\(S_{gen\) = 0.050416 Btu/lbm°R
Therefore, the amount of specific entropy generation during the irreversible process is 0.050416 Btu/lbm°R
c)
Isentropic efficiency of turbine η\(_{is\)
η\(_{is\) = {actual work output] / [ ideal work output ] = (\(h_1\) - \(h_{2a\) ) / ( \(h_1\) - \(h_{2s\) )
Now, for an ideal turbine;
ΔS = 0 = \(s_{2s\) - \(s_1\)
so, \(s_{2s\) - s₁ = \(s^0_{2s\) - \(s_1^0\) - R ln(\(\frac{p_2}{p_1}\))
0 = \(s^0_{2s\) - \(s_1^0\) - R ln(\(\frac{p_2}{p_1}\))
\(s^0_{2s\) = \(s_1^0\) + R ln(\(\frac{p_2}{p_1}\))
we substitute
\(s^0_{2s\) = 0.74102 + 0.06855 ln(\(\frac{15}{120}\))
\(s^0_{2s\) = 0.74102 - 0.1425457
\(s^0_{2s\) = 0.59847 Btu/lbm°R
Now, from table; { Gas Properties of Air }
At \(s^0_{2s\) = 0.59847 Btu/lbm°R; \(h_{2s\) = 127.614 Btu/lbm
η\(_{is\) = [( \(h_1\) - \(h_{2a\) ) / ( \(h_1\) - \(h_{2s\) )] × 100%
we substitute
η\(_{is\) = [( 230.98 - 157.84 ) / ( 230.98 - 127.614 )] × 100%
η\(_{is\) = [ 73.14 / 103.366] × 100%
η\(_{is\) = 0.70758 × 100%
η\(_{is\) = 70.76%
Therefore, Isentropic efficiency of the turbine is 70.76%
are trains cool because if they are then my dad didn't beat me
Answer:
I think trains are pretty awesome. There's a train in japan that levitates slightly and runs on magnetism. Pretty amazing. It's super fast too
1.What is three phase? why it is needed?
2. What is the condition to be balanced? Write down voltage equation of a balanced 3 phase voltage source and draw their phasor diagram.
1. We can see here that three phase refers to a type of electrical power transmission that uses three alternating current (AC) waveforms that are 120 degrees out of phase with each other. This is different from single-phase power transmission, which uses only one AC waveform.
What is voltage?Voltage, also known as electric potential difference, is a measure of the electrical potential energy per unit of charge in an electrical circuit. It is defined as the amount of work required to move a unit of electric charge between two points in a circuit, typically measured in volts (V).
Three-phase power is needed because it allows for more power to be transmitted over a given amount of wire or cable. With three-phase power, the power is delivered in a more consistent manner, which means that there is less voltage drop over long distances.
2. In order for a three-phase system to be balanced, the three phases must have the same amplitude and be 120 degrees out of phase with each other. The voltage equation of a balanced three-phase voltage source is given by:
Vph = Vline / √3
where Vph is the phase voltage and Vline is the line voltage. The phasor diagram for a balanced three-phase system shows three sinusoidal waveforms that are displaced by 120 degrees from each other.
Learn more about voltage on https://brainly.com/question/27861305
#SPJ1
All of the following are advantages of using a pressure transducer rather than a vacuum gauge EXCEPT:
Question:
All of the following are advantages of using a pressure transducer rather than a vacuum gauge EXCEPT:
A. greater accuracy.
B. easier identification of the cylinder.
C. measuring higher pressures.
D. ability to see the levels graphically
Answer:
The correct answer is D) ability to see the levels graphically
Explanation:
The above question derives from the Rudiments of Automotive Technology.
The function of the pressure transducer is to enable the diagnostic who is testing the engine vacuum to detect the cylinder with a faulty vacuum.
The pressure transducer does allow its user to see the vacuum graphically NOT the levels.
Cheers.
when the heat exchanger gets warm, the _____ turns the fan on.
thermostat turns the fan on. the thermostat is a device that measures the temperature and controls the heating or cooling system accordingly.
In the case of a heat exchanger, the thermostat is set to a certain temperature, and when the heat exchanger reaches that temperature, it signals the fan to turn on. The fan then blows cool air over the heat exchanger, which cools it down and prevents it from overheating.
This process ensures that the heat exchanger operates at a safe and efficient temperature, and prevents any damage that could occur from overheating.
Learn more about thermostat here:
https://brainly.com/question/22598217
#SPJ11
53. The plan of a building is in the form of a rectangle with
centerline dimension of outer walls as 9.7mx14.7m. The
thickness of the wall in super structure is 0.30m. Then its
plinth area is
a) 150m
b) 145m2
c) 145.5m
d) 135.36m
.
Answer: 150m
Explanation:
The following can be depicted from the question:
Dimensions of outer walls = 9.7m × 14.7m.
Thickness of the wall = 0.30 m
Therefore, the plinth area of the building will be:
= (9.7 + 0.30/2 + 0.30/2) × (14.7 × 0.30/2 + 0.30/2)
= 10 × 15
= 150m
The plinth area will be 150m.
Given information
Dimensions of outer walls = 9.7m × 14.7m.
Thickness of the wall = 0.30 m
Plinth area of the building = (9.7 + 0.30/2 + 0.30/2) × (14.7 × 0.30/2 + 0.30/2)
Plinth area of the building = 10 × 15
Plinth area of the building = 150m
Therefore, the Option A is correct.
Read more about Area
brainly.com/question/25292087
Given a positive integer (call it ), a position in that integer (call it P), and a transition integer (call it D). Transform N as follows: • If the ph digit of N from the right is from 0 to 4, add D to it. Replace the P digit by the units digit of the sum. Then, replace all digits to the right of the pa digit by 0. If the ph digit of N from the right is from 5 to 9, subtract D from it. Replace the pa digit by the leftmost digit of the absolute value of the difference. Then, replace all digits to the right of the pa digit by 0. Example 1: N-7145032, P = 2, D = 8. The 2nd digit from the right is 3; add 8 to it (3+8=11), and replace the 3 with 1 to get 7145012. Replace the digits to the right by Os to get 7145010. Example 2: N = 1540670, P = 3, D = 54. The 3 digit from the right is 6; the absolute value of 6-54 is 48; replace with the 4 to get 1540470. Replace the digits to the right with Os to get 1540400 INPUT: There will be 5 sets of data. Each set contains 3 positive integers: N. P. and D. N will be less than 10"; P and D will be valid inputs. No input will cause an output to have a leading digit of o. OUTPUT: Print the transformed number. The printed number may not have any spaces between the digits. SAMPLE INPUT: (http://www.datafiles.acsl.org/2020/contestl/jr-sample-input.txt) 124987 2 3 540670 39 7145042 2 8 124987 2 523 4386709 1 2 SAMPLE OUTPUT: 1. 124950 2. 540300 3. 7145020 4. 124950 5. 4386707 TEST DATA TEST INPUT: 4318762 4 3 72431685 1 7 123456789 78 9876543210 10 25 314159265358 8 428 TEST OUTPUT: 1. 4315000 2. 72431682 3. 121000000 4. 1000000000 5. 314140000000
When the program prompt , you can copy paste the following lines as input 124987 2, 3 540670 3 9, 7145042 2 8, 124987 2 52,3 and 4386709 1 2
importing the Java utility scanner;
public class TransformNumbers {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int numSets = 5; //no of input sets
int P, D;
String N;
int digit;
int sum, diff, unitDigit;
char leftMost;
System.out.println("Please enter 5 sets of N P D values on separate lines");
Scanner input = new Scanner(System.in);
for(int i = 1; i <= numSets; i++)
{
N = input.next();
P = input.nextInt();
D = input.nextInt();
digit = N.charAt(N.length() - P ) - '0'; //convert from char to int
if(digit >= 0 && digit<= 4)
{
sum = digit + D;
unitDigit = sum % 10;
N = N.substring(0, N.length() - P) + unitDigit;
}
else if(digit >= 5 && digit <= 9)
{
diff = digit - D;
if(diff < 0)
diff = -diff;
leftMost = (""+diff).charAt(0);
N = N.substring(0, N.length() - P) + leftMost;
}
//set remaining on right to 0
for(int j = 1; j < P; j++)
N = N + "0";
System.out.printf("%d. %s\n",i, N);
}
}
}
To learn more about integers
https://brainly.com/question/17283992
#SPJ4
Find the magnitude of the two forces, such that if they act at right angles their resultant is √10N But if they act at 60°, their resultant is √13 N
Note that the magnitudes of the two forces are F1 = √6 N and F2 = 2 N.
What is the explanation for the above response?Let F1 and F2 be the magnitudes of the two forces. If they act at right angles, their resultant R is given by:
R = √(F1^2 + F2^2)
If they act at 60 degrees, their resultant R' is given by:
R' = √(F1^2 + F2^2 + 2F1F2cos60°) = √(F1^2 + F2^2 + F1F2)
We can set up a system of equations to solve for F1 and F2:
√(F1^2 + F2^2) = √10 ...(1)
√(F1^2 + F2^2 + F1F2) = √13 ...(2)
Squaring both sides of equation (1), we get:
F1^2 + F2^2 = 10
Squaring both sides of equation (2), we get:
F1^2 + F2^2 + F1F2 = 13
Substituting F1^2 + F2^2 = 10 from equation (1), we get:
10 + F1F2 = 13
F1F2 = 3
Now, we can solve for F1 and F2 using the equations:
F1^2 + F2^2 = 10
F1F2 = 3
Multiplying the second equation by 4, we get:
4F1F2 = 12
Substituting F1F2 = 3, we get:
12 = 3(F1^2 + F2^2)
Simplifying, we get:
F1^2 + F2^2 = 4
Using this equation and F1F2 = 3, we can solve for F1 and F2:
F1^2 + F2^2 = 4
F1F2 = 3
Multiplying the first equation by F1F2, we get:
F1^2F2 + F1F2^2 = 12
Substituting F1F2 = 3, we get:
F1^2 + 3F2^2 = 12
Substituting F1^2 = 4 - F2^2 from the first equation, we get:
4 - F2^2 + 3F2^2 = 12
Simplifying, we get:
2F2^2 = 8
F2^2 = 4
F2 = 2
Substituting F2 = 2 in F1^2 + F2^2 = 10, we get:
F1^2 + 4 = 10
F1^2 = 6
F1 = √6
Therefore, the magnitudes of the two forces are F1 = √6 N and F2 = 2 N.
Learn more about magnitude at:
https://brainly.com/question/14452091
#SPJ1
The pyramids in Egypt are cited as an ancient world wonder. What is the main
reason that the pyramids are important to the study of engineering?
The pyramids are important to the study of engineering because they were some of the first structures built using engineering principles. The pyramids are an example of how engineering can be used to create amazing structures.
What is pyramid?
A pyramid is a structure with triangular exterior surfaces that converge to a single step at the summit, giving the shape the shape of a pyramid in the geometric sense. A pyramid's base can be trilateral, quadrilateral, or any polygon shape. A pyramid, as a result, has at least three exterior triangle surfaces. A typical variant is the square pyramid, which has a square base and four triangular exterior surfaces. The design of a pyramid, with the majority of the weight closer to the bottom and the pyramidion at the apex, means that less material will be pushed down from above. This weight distribution enabled early civilizations to build stable massive constructions.
To learn more about pyramid
https://brainly.com/question/218706
#SPJ13
Write a procedure that produces N values in the Fibonacci number series and stores them in an array of doubleword then display the array to present Fibonacci numbers in hexadecimal (calling the DumpMem method from the Irvine32 library). Input parameters should be a pointer to an array of doubleword, a counter of the number of values to generate. Write a test program that calls your procedure, passing N = 30. The first value in the array will be 1, and the last value will be 832040 (000CB228 h)
The Fibonacci series is a sequence of numbers that starts with 0 and 1, and each subsequent number is the sum of the previous two numbers. In this question, we are supposed to write a procedure that produces N values in the Fibonacci number series.
Stores them in an array of doubleword and then display the array to present Fibonacci numbers in hexadecimal (calling the Dump Mem method from the Irvine32 library).The above code declares an array named arr of 30 doublewords.
It then calls the Fibonacci procedure and passes the address of the array and the length of the array as parameters. Finally, it displays the array in hexadecimal using the DumpMem method from the Irvine32 library.
To know more about Fibonacci visit:
https://brainly.com/question/29764204
#SPJ11
Compare the following 3 alternatives using the Incremental Benefit/Cost Ratio method-rate 4% per year.
Alt. Construction cost $ Benefits $/yr Service Life (yrs)
A 250,000 320,000 7
B 400,000 370,000 15
C 700,000 380,000 25
Alternative C has the highest Incremental Benefit/Cost Ratio, followed by Alternative B, making them more preferable than Alternative A.
To compare the three alternatives (A, B, and C) using the Incremental Benefit/Cost Ratio method at a discount rate of 4% per year, we need to calculate the present value of costs, present value of benefits, and incremental benefit/cost ratio for each alternative.
Step 1: Calculate the present value of costs and benefits for each alternative.
For Alternative A:
- Construction Cost: $250,000
- Benefits per year: $320,000
- Service Life: 7 years
Using the formula for present value, we can calculate the present value of costs and benefits for Alternative A:
Present Value of Costs (PV A) = Construction Cost / (1 + discount rate)^service life = $250,000 / (1 + 0.04)^7 ≈ $186,065.69
Present Value of Benefits (PV A) = Benefits per year * (1 - (1 + discount rate)^-service life) / discount rate = $320,000 * (1 - (1 + 0.04)^-7) / 0.04 ≈ $1,883,076.14
For Alternative B and C, follow the same steps to calculate their respective present value of costs and benefits:
Alternative B:
- Construction Cost: $400,000
- Benefits per year: $370,000
- Service Life: 15 years
PV B (Cost) ≈ $267,507.55
PV B (Benefits) ≈ $3,048,852.53
Alternative C:
- Construction Cost: $700,000
- Benefits per year: $380,000
- Service Life: 25 years
PV C (Cost) ≈ $395,661.79
PV C (Benefits) ≈ $6,750,228.83
Step 2: Calculate the incremental benefit and incremental cost between each alternative and the previous one.
Incremental Benefit (IB) = Present Value of Benefits (Current Alternative) - Present Value of Benefits (Previous Alternative)
Incremental Cost (IC) = Present Value of Costs (Current Alternative) - Present Value of Costs (Previous Alternative)
IB_AB = PV B (Benefits) - PV A (Benefits) ≈ $3,048,852.53 - $1,883,076.14 ≈ $1,165,776.39
IC_AB = PV B (Cost) - PV A (Cost) ≈ $267,507.55 - $186,065.69 ≈ $81,441.86
IB_BC = PV C (Benefits) - PV B (Benefits) ≈ $6,750,228.83 - $3,048,852.53 ≈ $3,701,376.30
IC_BC = PV C (Cost) - PV B (Cost) ≈ $395,661.79 - $267,507.55 ≈ $128,154.24
Step 3: Calculate the Incremental Benefit/Cost Ratio (IB/IC) for each alternative.
IB/IC ratio = Incremental Benefit / Incremental Cost
IB/IC_AB = $1,165,776.39 / $81,441.86 ≈ 14.31
IB/IC_BC = $3,701,376.30 / $128,154.24 ≈ 28.91
Step 4: Compare the Incremental Benefit/Cost Ratios.
Since IB/IC_AB is less than IB/IC_BC, we can conclude that Alternative B is preferred over Alternative A, and Alternative C is preferred over Alternative B.
In summary, based on the Incremental Benefit/Cost Ratio method at a 4% discount rate per year, the
ranking of the alternatives from most preferred to least preferred is:
1. Alternative C
2. Alternative B
3. Alternative A
To learn more about Incremental Benefit click here: brainly.com/question/33677818
#SPJ11
Briefly explain thermal expansion using the potential energy–versus–interatomic spacing curve.
As the temperature of the material increases, the potential energy of the molecules increases. Thermal expansion occurs due to changes in temperature, and interatomic distances increase as potential energy increases.
What are the uses of Thermal Expansion?Thermal expansion is used in a variety of applications such as rail buckling, engine coolant, mercury thermometers, joint expansion, and others.
It is to be noted that an application of the concept of liquid expansion in everyday life concerns liquid thermometers. As the heat rises, the mercury or alcohol in the thermometer tube moves in only one direction. As the heat decreases, the liquid moves back smoothly.
Learn more about Thermal Expansion:
https://brainly.com/question/1166774
#SPJ1
ASAP PLease electrical engineering problem
Answer:
see attached
Explanation:
As you know, a full adder produces the binary value in (carry, output) that is the the number of true input bits among the (carry in, A, B) inputs.
The annotated diagram attached shows the bit values for a 4-bit full adder/subtractor.
__
Additional comment
If the numbers are considered "signed", then the top diagram will generate an "overflow" based on the difference between the carry C4 and the output O4.
to keep sewer systems in cities from experiencing overflows, what kind of infrastructure support is not currently under consideration?
One type of infrastructure support that is not currently under consideration to keep sewer systems in cities from experiencing overflows is the implementation of green infrastructure. Green infrastructure refers to the use of natural systems such as permeable pavement, rain gardens, and green roofs to manage stormwater runoff. These natural systems help to absorb and filter rainwater, reducing the amount of water that enters the sewer system.
However, despite their effectiveness in preventing overflows, green infrastructure is often not considered due to various reasons.
One reason is the lack of awareness and understanding of the benefits of green infrastructure among city planners and policymakers. Many cities still rely heavily on traditional gray infrastructure, such as large pipes and storage tanks, to manage stormwater. This outdated approach may be seen as more reliable and familiar, even though it can be costly and less environmentally friendly.
Another reason is the perception that green infrastructure is not suitable for urban environments. There is a misconception that these natural systems require a significant amount of space, which may be limited in densely populated cities.
However, there are innovative approaches to implementing green infrastructure in urban areas, such as using green roofs on buildings or retrofitting existing infrastructure.
Additionally, the upfront costs of implementing green infrastructure can be a deterrent for some cities. While green infrastructure may be more cost-effective in the long run due to lower maintenance and operation costs, the initial investment required can be higher compared to traditional gray infrastructure.
This financial barrier may prevent cities from considering green infrastructure as an option.
Green infrastructure is not currently under consideration as a type of infrastructure support to prevent sewer system overflows in cities. This can be attributed to factors such as lack of awareness and understanding, misconceptions about its suitability for urban environments, and upfront costs.
However, promoting the benefits and exploring innovative approaches can help overcome these barriers and encourage the adoption of green infrastructure to mitigate overflows in sewer systems.
To know more about barrier visit:
https://brainly.com/question/29546195
#SPJ11
Calculate the steady state flux of atomic hydrogen at 25°C through a steel vessel of wall thickness 4 mm given that the inside surface is kept saturated with hydrogen at a concentration of 4.5 moles/m3, the outside surface is exposed to the atmosphere. (The diffusivity of hydrogen in steel D0 = 0.1 mm2 s-1, Q = 13.5 kJ mol-1) A steady-state flux allows the application of Fick’s first law: J = -D(dC/dx)
If the vessel contains 20 moles of hydrogen, calculate the time taken to dissipate all of the hydrogen of that the vessel has a surface area of 3 m2.
Answer:
To calculate the steady state flux of atomic hydrogen through a steel vessel, we need to use Fick's first law, which states that the flux (J) is equal to the diffusivity (D) multiplied by the concentration gradient (dC/dx).
First, we need to calculate the concentration gradient by dividing the difference in hydrogen concentration between the inside and outside surfaces by the wall thickness of the vessel. The inside surface is kept saturated with hydrogen at a concentration of 4.5 moles/m3, and the outside surface is exposed to the atmosphere, which has a hydrogen concentration of 0 moles/m3. Therefore, the concentration gradient is (4.5 - 0) moles/m3 / (4 mm) = 1.125 moles/m3 mm.
Next, we need to substitute this value into Fick's first law along with the diffusivity of hydrogen in steel, which is given as 0.1 mm2/s. This gives us the steady state flux as J = (-0.1 mm2/s) * (1.125 moles/m3 mm) = -0.01125 moles/s mm2.
Finally, we need to convert the units of the flux from moles/s mm2 to moles/s m2. To do this, we can multiply the flux by 1,000 to convert the units of millimeters to meters, giving us a final steady state flux of -0.01125 moles/s mm2 * 1,000 = -1.125 moles/s m2.
IF THE VESSEL CONTAINS 20 MOLES OF HYDROGEN, CALCULATE THE TIME TAKEN TO DISSIPATE ALL OF THE HYDROGEN OF THAT THE VESSEL HAS A SURFACE AREA OF 3 M2.
To solve this problem, we need to first calculate the flux of atomic hydrogen through the vessel using Fick's first law:
J = -D(dC/dx)
where J is the flux, D is the diffusivity of hydrogen in steel, and dC/dx is the concentration gradient.
Given that the diffusivity of hydrogen in steel is 0.1 mm2/s, the inside concentration is 4.5 moles/m3, and the outside concentration is 0, the concentration gradient is 4.5 moles/m3.
Plugging these values into the equation above, we get:
J = -0.1 mm2/s * 4.5 moles/m3 = -0.45 moles/s-m2
Next, we need to calculate the time it takes to dissipate all 20 moles of hydrogen from the vessel. We can do this by dividing the total number of moles of hydrogen by the flux:
t = 20 moles / (-0.45 moles/s-m2) = 44.44 s
So it would take approximately 44.44 seconds to dissipate all of the hydrogen from the vessel.
Explanation:
SELF EXPLANATORY
The time taken is 44.44 seconds to dissipate all of the hydrogens from the vessel.
How to calculate the time?To solve this problem, we need to first calculate the flux of atomic hydrogen through the vessel using Fick's first law:
J = -D(dC/dx)
where J is the flux, D is the diffusivity of hydrogen in steel, and dC/dx is the concentration gradient.
Given that the diffusivity of hydrogen in steel is 0.1 mm²/s, the inside concentration is 4.5 moles/m³ and the outside concentration is 0, the concentration gradient is 4.5 moles/m³.
Plugging these values into the equation above, we get:
J = -0.1 mm²/s * 4.5 moles/m³ = -0.45 moles/s-m²
Next, we need to calculate the time it takes to dissipate all 20 moles of hydrogen from the vessel. We can do this by dividing the total number of moles of hydrogen by the flux:
t = 20 moles / (-0.45 moles/s-m2) = 44.44 s
So it would take approximately 44.44 seconds to dissipate all of the hydrogen from the vessel.
Learn more about hydrogen on:
https://brainly.com/question/24433860
#SPJ1
calculate the touque developed by a motor whose spindle is rotating at 1500 rev/min and developing a power of 1.80W
Answer:
n=1500/60 to get , it into rev/sec
W=2πn = 50π
T=P*W=1.8 *50π=282.74 N.M
Explanation: