a compound is known to be a lithium halide, lix. if 5.00 g of the salt is dissolved in exactly 100.0 g of water, the solution freezes at -2.142°c. what is the chemical formula for the salt?
Answers
The chemical formula for the salt is LiCl. The freezing point of a solution can be used to determine the mole fraction of the solute in the solution.
The mole fraction of a solute in a solution is defined as the ratio of the number of moles of solute to the total number of moles in the solution.
Using the mole fraction of the solute, we can determine the concentration of the solute in the solution. The concentration of a solute in a solution is defined as the number of moles of solute per liter of solution.
The mole fraction of the solute can be calculated as follows:
mole fraction = moles solute / total moles
The mole fraction can also be expressed as the ratio of the number of moles of the solute to the number of moles of the solvent.
Using the freezing point of the solution, we can determine the mole fraction of the solute as follows:
mole fraction = 1 / (273.15 + (273.15 * 100.0 / 5.0))
mole fraction = 1 / 288.15
mole fraction = 0.003507
Therefore, the mole fraction of the solute is 0.003507, which means that the salt is a mixture of three different LiX compounds, where X can represent any of the three halides (F, Cl, Br).
The chemical formula for the salt can be determined by using the mole fractions of the three LiX compounds and the stoichiometry of the reaction between lithium and the halide. The stoichiometry of the reaction can be represented by the following equation:
Li + X 2 → LiX
here X can represent any of the three halides (F, Cl, Br).
The mole fraction of lithium is:
moles lithium = moles solute - moles LiX
moles lithium = 5.00 g - (3 * molecular weight of LiX)
moles lithium = -2.00 g
The molecular weight of LiCl is 53.45 g/mol, the molecular weight of LiBr is 88.09 g/mol, and the molecular weight of LiI is 121.7 g/mol.
Therefore, the chemical formula for the salt is LiCl.
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Related Questions
Explain how scientists
came to the conclusion that “All living things are made of cells".
Answers
Answer:
scientist came to the conclusion that all living things are made of cells by con
Explanation:
Explanation: change it up a bit this is from sarfari. Hope this helps.
Ammonia gas can be prepared by the reaction of a metal oxide such as calcium oxide with ammonium chloride.
CaO(S) + 2 NH4Cl(s) 2 NH3(g) + H2O(g) + CaCl2(s)
If 139 g of CaO and 245 g of NH4Cl are mixed, what is the maximum possible yield of NH3?
What mass of the excess reactant remains after the maximum amount of ammonia has been formed?
Answers
24.7 g of NH4Cl will remain as excess reactant after the maximum amount of NH3 has been formed.
What is Reactant?
In a chemical reaction, a reactant is a substance that undergoes a chemical change or reaction with other substances to form a product. Reactants are typically written on the left side of a chemical equation and are used to represent the starting materials in a chemical reaction. The reactants are consumed during the reaction, and the resulting products are formed.
To determine the maximum possible yield of NH3, we first need to calculate the limiting reactant of the reaction, which is the reactant that is completely consumed and determines the maximum amount of product that can be formed.
The balanced chemical equation for the reaction is:
CaO(S) + 2 NH4Cl(s) → 2 NH3(g) + H2O(g) + CaCl2(s)
The molar mass of CaO is 56.08 g/mol, and the molar mass of NH4Cl is 53.49 g/mol.
To find the limiting reactant, we can use the mole ratio of CaO and NH4Cl in the balanced equation.
Number of moles of CaO = 139 g / 56.08 g/mol = 2.476 mol
Number of moles of NH4Cl = 245 g / 53.49 g/mol = 4.588 mol
The mole ratio of CaO to NH4Cl is 1:2, which means that 1 mole of CaO reacts with 2 moles of NH4Cl.
Therefore, the amount of NH4Cl required to react with all the CaO is:
2.476 mol CaO × (2 mol NH4Cl / 1 mol CaO) = 4.952 mol NH4Cl
Since we have only 4.588 mol of NH4Cl available, it is the limiting reactant. This means that all the NH4Cl will be consumed in the reaction and the amount of NH3 produced will be limited by the amount of NH4Cl.
The maximum possible yield of NH3 can be calculated using the mole ratio of NH4Cl and NH3 in the balanced equation:
4.588 mol NH4Cl × (2 mol NH3 / 2 mol NH4Cl) × (17.03 g NH3 / 1 mol NH3) = 155 g NH3
Therefore, the maximum possible yield of NH3 is 155 g.
To determine the mass of the excess reactant remaining, we can use the amount of NH4Cl consumed in the reaction and subtract it from the initial amount of NH4Cl:
245 g NH4Cl - (4.588 mol NH4Cl × 53.49 g/mol) = 24.7 g NH4Cl
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Testing precision and accuracy of scale, weigh block exactly 1.000g. these are measurements captured:
0.843 g
0.842 g
0.843 g
Is the scale precise, accurate, both, or neither?
Answers
we can conclude that the scale is precise but not accurate. The correct option is d.This means that the scale consistently gives the same measurements, but they are not accurate or close to the true value.
To understand whether the scale is precise, accurate, both, or neither, we need to define these terms. Precision refers to the consistency or reproducibility of measurements, while accuracy refers to how close the measured value is to the true or accepted value. In this case, the true value is 1.000g, and the measurements captured are 0.843 g, 0.842 g, and 0.843 g.Looking at these measurements, we can see that they are not accurate since none of them are close to 1.000g. However, we can also see that they are precise since they are all very similar to each other, with a difference of only 0.001g between the highest and lowest measurement.
Therefore, To improve accuracy, the scale may need to be recalibrated or replaced.
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complete question: Testing precision and accuracy of scale, weigh block exactly 1.000g. these are measurements captured:
a. 0.843 g
b. 0.842 g
c. 0.843 g
d. Is the scale precise, accurate, both, or neither?
(T/F) reactive oxygen intermediates and reactive nitrogen intermediates produced by phagocytic cells are effective in killing invading microorganisms
Answers
The statement 'reactive oxygen intermediates and reactive nitrogen intermediates produced by phagocytic cells are effective in killing invading microorganisms' is true.
Phagocytic cells are the kind of cells that consume or destroy microorganisms by producing substances that are harmful to them, according to the study of biology.
The phagocytic cells produce oxygen and nitrogen intermediates, and these intermediates are reactive enough to bind to the chemicals in the microbe and inhibit their function. The microorganism dies when its activities are impeded to the point where it is unable to carry out the fundamental functions of life. Thus, the above statement is accurate.
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20.0 grams of water decomposes into hydrogen gas and oxygen gas through electrolysis. If the percent yield is 80.0%, what mass of oxygen gas is produced?
Answers
Mass of oxygen gas produced : 14.08 g
Further explanationReaction
2H₂O(l)⇒2H₂(g)+O₂(g)
mol of H₂O (MW=18 g/mol) :
\(\tt \dfrac{20}{18}=1.1\)
mol O₂ :
\(\tt \dfrac{1}{2}\times 1.1=0.55\)
mass O₂ (theoretical) :
\(\tt 0.55\times 32=17.6~g\)
mass O₂ (actual) :
\(\tt =\%yield\times theoretical\\\\=0.8\times 17.6=14.08\)
In chemical reactions, kinetics is related to _______________, whereas thermodynamics is related to ___________________.
Answers
Thermodynamics tells us what can occur during a process, while kinetics tell us what actually occurs.
What is Thermodynamics?Thermodynamics is the branch of study that examines the possible states that material systems might take on and the potential changes in states that can arise either naturally or as a result of interactions between systems. The Greek terms thermé (heat) and dynamics were used to create the English phrase "thermodynamics" (force).
What is Kinetics?
Chemical kinetics, also known as reaction kinetics, is the branch of physical chemistry that is concerned with understanding the rates of chemical reactions. It is to be contrasted with thermodynamics, which deals with the direction in which a process occurs but in itself tells nothing about its rate.
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Plants in areas with short growing seasons often have more chloroplasts in their cells than plans in areas with longer growing seasons compared to plant in areas with longer growing seasons plans in areas with shorter than growing seasons most likely
Answers
Because they must maximize photosynthetic activity in a shorter amount of time to produce enough energy to survive and reproduce, plants in regions with short growing seasons have more chloroplasts in their cells than plants in regions with longer growing seasons.
What are the differences in plants in areas with short and long growing seasons?Chloroplasts are the organelles in plant cells responsible for photosynthesis, so having more chloroplasts means that plant can carry out more photosynthesis and produce more energy.
Plants in areas with longer growing seasons have a longer period of time to carry out photosynthesis and produce energy, so they may not need to have as many chloroplasts in their cells. However, this does not mean that plants in areas with longer growing seasons have fewer chloroplasts than plants in areas with shorter growing seasons.
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Which power source uses the rotation of giant magnets to create electricity,
which is then directed to the electric outlets in people's homes?
OA. An electric motor
B. An electric battery
OC. An electric generator
OD. Electromagnetism
SUBMIT
Answers
An electric generator uses the rotation of giant magnets to create electricity, Therefore option C is the correct answer.
An electric generator is a widely used electronic device which is used in many types of power plants like hydro power plant, thermo nuclear power plant, etc. The generator converts the kinetic energy into electrical energy using electromagnetism. The electricity created by the generator is then sent to electrical outlets in people's households via power lines and poles.
The generator has a rectangular electromagnetic coil which rotates between the poles of a permanent magnet. When the coil is moved using kinetic energy (for example : high flow of water or steam), it creates an induced electric current in the coil due to the change in Magnetic flux, ultimately generating electricity.
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What is the total magnification if we using objective lens 4x and our eyepiece (ocular) lens is 10x
40x
100x
400x
1000x
Answers
4x times 10x equals 40x
In terms of electrons, what is an excited state? Give an example of an electron configuration for an excited state. (1 points) 2. Give the ground state electron configuration for Fe. (1 points) 3. What is a valance electron? How many valance electrons does Si have? (1 points) 4. What is the shorthand electron configuration of a potassium lon (kº)? (1 points) I 5. Give the chemical formula (with charge) for each of the following polyatomic ions: (0.5 points each, 2.5 points total) a. Phosphate b. Ammonium c Sulfate d. Hydroxide e. Carbonate
Answers
1. An excited state refers to an electron configuration in an atom or ion where one or more electrons occupy higher energy levels than the lowest available ones. Example: An excited state electron configuration for hydrogen is 1s¹ 2s¹.
2. The ground state electron configuration for Fe (iron) is 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3⁶ 4s² 3d⁶.
3. A valence electron is an electron located in the outermost energy level of an atom, involved in chemical bonding. Silicon (Si) has four valence electrons.
4. The shorthand electron configuration of a potassium ion (K⁺) is [Ar] 4s² 3d¹⁰.
5. Chemical formulas (with charge) for the following polyatomic ions:
a. Phosphate: PO₄³⁻
b. Ammonium: NH₄⁺
c. Sulfate: SO₄²⁻
d. Hydroxide: OH⁻
e. Carbonate: CO₃²⁻
1. An excited state occurs when electrons in an atom absorb energy and move to higher energy levels. For example, the electron configuration of hydrogen in its ground state is 1s, but in an excited state, it could be 1s¹ 2s¹, where the electron has moved to a higher energy level.
2. The ground state electron configuration of Fe is obtained by filling the orbitals in order of increasing energy. In this case, Fe has 26 electrons, and the electron configuration follows the pattern: 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d⁶.
3. Valence electrons are important for determining the chemical properties of an element. Silicon (Si) has four valence electrons because it is in Group 14 of the periodic table and has four electrons in its outermost energy level.
4. The shorthand electron configuration of a potassium ion (K⁺) is obtained by removing one electron from the neutral potassium atom. The shorthand notation [Ar] 4s² 3d¹⁰ represents the electron configuration of the potassium ion.
5. The chemical formulas (with charge) for the given polyatomic ions are as follows:
a. Phosphate: PO₄³⁻
b. Ammonium: NH₄⁺
c. Sulfate: SO₄²⁻
d. Hydroxide: OH⁻
e. Carbonate: CO₃²⁻
These ions are formed by combining specific atoms with varying charges and are frequently encountered in chemical reactions and compounds.
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Which of the following acronyms does not represent a managed care plan? a. hmo b. ppo c. pos d. sor please select the best answer from the choices provided a b c d
Answers
The acronym "SOR" does not represent a managed care plan. The correct answer is d. HMO, PPO, and POS are all types of managed care plans commonly used in the healthcare industry.
HMO stands for Health Maintenance Organization, PPO stands for Preferred Provider Organization, and POS stands for Point of Service. These plans offer varying levels of coverage and provider options for their members. On the other hand, "SOR" does not stand for any commonly known managed care plan, making it the correct answer.
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Baking soda is a common household chemical that is :
acidic
basic
neutral
Answers
The study of fossil mammals is:
micropaleontology
invertebrate paleontology
vertebrate paleontology
paleobotany
these are the chocies
Answers
Answer:
The study of fossil mammals comes under vertebrate paleontology
(aka vertebrate paleontology)
Answer:
The study of fossil mammals comes under vertebrate paleontology.
Explanation:
Paleontology is the study of fossils which tries to explain the evolution of organisms, their environment and interactions with each other. The various sub divisions of paleontology are vertebrate paleontology, invertebrate paleontology , micropaleontology, paleobotany, palynology etc.
The study of vertebrate fossils, from primitive fishes to the immediate ancestors of modern mammals is known as vertebrate paleontology. Invertebrate paleontology deals with the study of invertebrate animal fossils, such as molluscs, echinoderms, arthropods and annelid worms. Paleobotany studies fossil plants which includes the study of fossil algae and fungi in addition to land plants. Micropaleontology is the study of microscopic fossil organisms, regardless of the group to which they belong.
_________________________________________________________
Brainliest? I just want to move up a level in Brainly, so please. Lol not trying to sound so desperate.
The Liquified Petroleum Gas (LPG) has the composition of 60% Propane (C 3
H 8
) and 40% Butane (C 4
H 10
) by volume: (a) Find the wet volumetric and gravimetric analysis of the products of combustion when the equivalence ratio (Φ)=1.0. (b) What is the stoichiometric air to fuel ratio for the LPG.
Answers
The balanced combustion reaction for propane can be represented as:
C₃H₈ + (5/2)O₂ → 3CO₂ + 4H₂O
And the balanced combustion reaction for butane can be represented as:
C₄H₁₀ + (6.5)O₂ → 4CO₂ + 5H₂O
Since LPG is composed of 60% propane and 40% butane by volume, we can calculate the wet volumetric and gravimetric analysis based on these proportions.
Wet volumetric analysis:
For the wet volumetric analysis, we consider the volume of the products of combustion relative to the volume of the LPG consumed.
Propane (C₃H₈):
The stoichiometric coefficient of propane in the combustion reaction is 3. Therefore, for every mole of propane burned, we will have 3 moles of CO₂ and 4 moles of H₂O formed.
Butane (C₄H₁₀):
The stoichiometric coefficient of butane in the combustion reaction is 4. Therefore, for every mole of butane burned, we will have 4 moles of CO₂ and 5 moles of H₂O formed.
Considering the initial composition of 60% propane and 40% butane by volume, we can calculate the volumetric composition of the products of combustion:
Volumetric composition of CO₂:
(0.6 * 3) + (0.4 * 4) = 3.6
Volumetric composition of H₂O:
(0.6 * 4) + (0.4 * 5) = 4.6
Therefore, the wet volumetric analysis of the products of combustion is 3.6 parts CO₂ to 4.6 parts H₂O.
Wet gravimetric analysis:
For the wet gravimetric analysis, we consider the mass of the products of combustion relative to the mass of the LPG consumed.
Using the molar masses of the compounds involved in the combustion reaction:
Molar mass of CO₂ = 44 g/mol
Molar mass of H₂O = 18 g/mol
Gravimetric composition of CO₂:
(0.6 * 3 * 44 g/mol) + (0.4 * 4 * 44 g/mol) = 158.4 g
Gravimetric composition of H₂O:
(0.6 * 4 * 18 g/mol) + (0.4 * 5 * 18 g/mol) = 74.4 g
Therefore, the wet gravimetric analysis of the products of combustion is 158.4 grams CO₂ to 74.4 grams H₂O.
(b) The stoichiometric air to fuel ratio for LPG can be determined based on the balanced combustion equations for propane and butane.
For propane (C₃H₈):
C₃H₈ + (5/2)O₂ → 3CO₂ + 4H₂O
The stoichiometric coefficient for propane is 1, which means we need 5/2 moles of O₂ for every mole of propane.
For butane (C₄H₁₀):
C₄H₁₀ + (6.5)O₂ → 4CO₂ + 5H₂O
which pollutant would you suggest the government try to limit in order to slow down the breakdown of the marble on the taj mahal
Answers
Answer:
SO2
Explanation:
SO2 causes acid rain which is leading to dissolving of the marble on the Taj Mahal
SO2 reacts with water to come down as sulfuric acid during acid rains
What scientist said we cannot predict an exact position of
atoms.
Answers
Answer:
The Heisenberg uncertainty principle states that the exact position and momentum of an electron cannot be simultaneously determined. Warner Heisenberg contributed to atomic theory through formulating quantum mechanics in terms of matrices and in discovering the uncertainty principle, which states that a particle's position and momentum cannot both be known exactly.
Explanation:
i hoped this help
The positively charged center in an atom is called as:A. NucleusB. NeutronsC. ProtonsD. Electrons
Answers
The positively charged center in an atom is called as Nucleus. It is made up of positively charged protons and neutral sub-atomic particle called as neutrons.
What is meant by protons ?
Every atom has a proton, a subatomic particle, in its nucleus.The particle possesses an electrical charge that is positive and opposite to the electron's.A subatomic particle with a negative charge is an electron. A subatomic particle having a positive charge is called a proton.The strong nuclear force holds protons together in the nucleus of an atom. A particular subatomic particle with no charge is the neutron.Although protons were once thought of as elementary particles, the Standard Model of particle physics now recognizes them as composite particles made up of three valence quarks, and they are grouped alongside neutrons as hadrons.To learn more about protons refer to
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preventive maintenance on a hot water heater includes:
Answers
A water heater can be regularly maintained by flushing it at least two times in a year.
A water heater is a device that is used to heat up water for home use. There are different types of water heaters but they all serve the same purpose at home. In order to maintain maximum efficiency, the water heater must be maintained regularly.
The following are routine maintenance operations on a water heater;
Inspect the heater regularly to ascertain if there are faults.Flush the heater at least two times each year.The anode rod should be changed after a couple of yearsLearn more about water heater;https://brainly.com/question/4751630
How do the atoms share electrons in molecule formation so that each atom appears to have a noble gas electron configuration? describe an example.
Answers
An essential component of chemistry are atoms. Covalent bond are necessary for atoms to reach the noble gas configuration because sharing electrons makes them stable.
A covalent bond is a type of chemical relationship where the atoms share electron pairs in order to create a compound or molecule.
Covalent bonding happens when atoms share electron pairs. Atoms join together through covalent bonds to form a full electron shell, which boosts stability. By sharing their outermost (valence) electrons, atoms can fill out their outer electron shell and become stable. Even though it's a frequent misconception, atoms don't always disperse their electrons equally when they establish covalent connections.
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Why doesn’t an atoms atomic mass necessarily have a whole number value?
Answers
Answer:
I think the answer might be because Atomic mass is the weighted average of the naturally occuring isotopes. Also with the fact that it's not an integer, it would almost never be a whole number
Explanation:
What type of reaction is...
(NH4)2CO3(aq) → NH3(g) + CO2(g) + H2O(l)
a. combustion
b. single replacement
c. synthesis
d. double replacement
e. decomposition
Answers
Answer:
d: double replacement
Explanation:
We have that for the Question "What type of reaction is...
(NH4)2CO3(aq) → NH3(g) + CO2(g) + H2O(l)
" it can be said that
(NH4)2CO3(aq) → NH3(g) + CO2(g) + H2O(l) is a decomposition reaction
Option E
From the question we are told
What type of reaction is...
(NH4)2CO3(aq) → NH3(g) + CO2(g) + H2O(l)
a. combustion
b. single replacement
c. synthesis
d. double replacement
e. decomposition
Generally
We have that a combustion is a reaction with oxygen to release energy a
it is in the form of
\(X+0_2 ---CO_2+H_2O\)
double replacement
in this reaction two ionic compounds share ions to create two variant compounds with the same amount of ions
decomposition
This occurs when a compound is broken down into smaller compounds
Therefore
(NH4)2CO3(aq) → NH3(g) + CO2(g) + H2O(l) is a decomposition reaction
Option E
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The rate of effusion of nh3 is 2.40 mole/min. what would be the rate of effusion of co2 under the same conditions?
a. 1.49
b. 6.21
c. 0.93
d. 2.40
e. 0.24
Answers
The rate of effusion of CO₂ under the same conditions is approximately 6.21 mole/min. Option B.
According to Graham's law of effusion, the rate of effusion of a gas is inversely proportional to the square root of its molar mass. Therefore, we can use the ratio of molar masses to determine the rate of effusion of CO₂ (carbon dioxide) compared to NH₃ (ammonia).
The molar mass of NH₃ is approximately 17.03 g/mol, while the molar mass of CO₂ is approximately 44.01 g/mol.
Let's denote the rate of effusion of CO₂ as x mole/min. Using the ratio of molar masses, we can set up the following proportion:
(√molar mass of NH₃) / (√molar mass of CO₂) = rate of effusion of NH₃ / rate of effusion of CO₂
√17.03 / √44.01 = 2.40 mole/min / x mole/min
Solving for x, we find:
x = 2.40 mole/min * (√molar mass of CO₂) / (√molar mass of NH₃)
= 2.40 mole/min * (√44.01 g/mol) / (√17.03 g/mol)
≈ 6.21 mole/min
Therefore, the rate of effusion of CO₂ under the same conditions is approximately 6.21 mole/min.
The correct answer is (b) 6.21.
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What part of the atom is involved in chemical reactions?
neutrons
protons
electrons
nucleus
Answers
Answer:
electron
Explanation:
hope this helps:)
According to the research, electrons are the part of the atom that is involved in chemical reactions.
What are electrons?It is a subatomic element that is located around the nucleus of the atom, formed by neutrons and protons and is the lightest essential particle that makes up an atom.
In chemical reactions reagents or reactants are involved, specifically in oxidation-reduction reactions electrons are transferred between chemical species, the oxidizing substance loses electrons and the other gains electrons.
Therefore, we can conclude that according to the research, electrons are the part of the atom that is involved in chemical reactions.
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Answer question number 3
Answers
Answer:
A
Explanation:
A mixture is formed when two or more substances are physically mixed together. A compound is formed when two or more substances are chemically combined through a chemical reaction.
How many moles of Cl in one mole of the CaCl2?
Answers
One mole of CaCl₂contains 2 moles of chloride ions.
Calcium chloride (CaCl₂) is a salt that consists of one calcium ion (Ca2+) and two chloride ions (Cl-). Therefore, one mole of CaCl₂ contains two moles of chloride ions (2 Cl-).
To calculate the number of moles of Cl- in one mole of CaCl₂, we can use the formula:
moles of Cl- = 2 x moles of CaCl₂
Since one mole of CaCl₂ contains 1 mol of calcium ion and 2 moles of chloride ions, the total number of moles in one mole of CaCl₂is:
1 + 2 = 3 moles
So, the number of moles of Cl- in one mole of CaCl₂ is:
moles of Cl- = 2 x moles of CaCl₂ = 2 x 1 = 2 moles
Therefore, one mole ofCaCl₂ contains 2 moles of chloride ions.
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Write the information provided by a balanced equation.
Answers
Answer:
2 Fe 2O 3 + 3 C → 4 Fe + 3 CO 2
Explanation:
yeap
Which of the following is a type of cell organelle?
O
membrane
cytoplasm
DNA
Nucleus
Answers
Answer:
Nucleas is a cell organelle
The option that is a type of cell organelle would be D.Nucleus
What is a cell organelle ?A nucleus is a membrane-bound organelle that contains the cell's DNA. It is the control center of the cell, and it is responsible for storing genetic information and directing the cell's activities.
The other options are not cell organelles. Membrane is a phospholipid bilayer that surrounds the cell and separates the cell's interior from the environment. Cytoplasm is the jelly-like substance that fills the cell and contains the cell's organelles. DNA is the genetic material of the cell, but it is not an organelle.
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An Anti-Smoking Campaign claims the average time it takes smokers to quit smoking is 16 years. Suspecting this is incorrect, researchers take a sample of 25 former smokers and record the amount of time (in years) that it took each to quit smoking. Given a population standard deviation of 4.06, is there enough evidence to reject the campaign's claim at α=0.05?
11.2 15.8 11.2 12 8.2
10.1 14.7 10.5 13.5 12.8
12.5 14 18.8 18.6 14.9
11.8 18.2 11.3 15 16.1
19 11 9 22.1 25
Table: Years to Quit Smoking
State the null and alternative hypothesis in parts a & b. (Fill in <, >, ≤, ≥, =, or ≠ , then the value.)
a) H0: μ
b) Ha: μ
c) Is this a right-tailed, left-tailed, or two-tailed test?
d) Find the p-value.
p=
e) Should you reject or fail to reject the null hypothesis?
f) conclusion: At the 1% level of significance, there (is or is not) sufficient evidence to reject the claim.
Answers
The null hypothesis (H0) states that the average time it takes smokers to quit smoking is greater than or equal to 16 years, while the alternative hypothesis (Ha) suggests that the average time is less than 16 years.
What are the null and alternative hypotheses in the given scenario?In the given scenario, the null and alternative hypotheses are as follows:
a) H0: 16 (The average time it takes smokers to quit smoking is greater than or equal to 16 years)
b) Ha: 16 (The average time it takes smokers to quit smoking is less than 16 years)
c) This is a left-tailed test because the alternative hypothesis (Ha) suggests a decrease in the average time to quit smoking.
d) To find the p-value, we need to conduct a statistical test. The test statistic (t-value) can be calculated using the sample mean, population standard deviation, sample size, and the hypothesized population mean (16 years). Using the t-distribution and degrees of freedom (n-1 = 24), the p-value can be determined.
e) Based on the p-value obtained from the test, we compare it to the significance level (α = 0.05). If the p-value is less than α, we reject the null hypothesis. Otherwise, we fail to reject the null hypothesis.
f) In the conclusion, we state whether there is sufficient evidence to reject the claim. If the p-value is less than the significance level (α = 0.01), we can conclude that there is sufficient evidence to reject the claim. However, if the p-value is greater than α, we fail to reject the claim.
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Which statement is a scientific law?
A.Scientists use genes to explain why evolution happens.
B.Genes are long patterns that are similar to computer codes.
C.A person’s traits are controlled by different forms of a gene.
D.The discovery of genes changed how scientists think about life.
Answers
Answer:
A.Scientists use genes to explain why evolution happens.
Explanation:
:)
100 points help is appreciated
Apply: For a strong base, the concentration of hydroxide ions [OH–] is roughly estimated to be the same as the concentration of the base. The pH of a strong base is found with the equation pH = 14 + log10[OH–]. Based on their concentrations, find the pH of each of the strong bases. Check your answers with the Gizmo.
Answer
[Ca(OH)2] = ?
pH Ca(OH)2 = ?
[NaOH] = ?
pH NaOH = ?
Answers
Litmus is an example of an indicator, a substance that changes color depending on its pH (pH is a measure of the concentration of protons, or H+ ions). In the Titration Gizmo™, you will use indicators to show how acids are neutralized by bases, and vice versa.
To begin, check that 1.00 M NaOH is selected for the Burette, Mystery HBr is selected for the Flask, and Bromthymol blue is selected for the Indicator.
Calculate: Concentration is measured by molarity (M), or moles per liter. Brackets are also used to symbolize molarity. For example, if 0.6 moles of HNO3 are dissolved in a liter of water, you would say [HNO3] = 0.6 M.
Because HNO3 is a strong acid, it dissociates almost completely in water. That means the concentration of H+ is very nearly equal to that of HNO3.What is [H+] if [HNO3] is 0.01 M? 0.01 M
The pH of a solution is equal to the negative log of H+ concentration: pH = –log[H+]
Describe: The equation for the reaction of nitric acid (HNO3) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) is shown on the bottom right of the Gizmo.
Measure: A titration can be used to determine the concentration of an acid or base by measuring the amount of a solution with a known concentration, called the titrant, which reacts completely with a solution of unknown concentration, called the analyte. The point at which this occurs is called the equivalence point.
Explain: A titration curve is a graph of pH vs. volume of titrant. The graph at right shows a typical titration curve for the titration of a strong acid by a strong base. (A strong base is one that has relatively high dissociation in water.)
According to theBrønsted-Lowry definition, an acid is a substance that is capable of donating a proton to another substance. A base is a substance that accepts protons. When an acid and a base are combined, the acid is neutralized as the base accepts the protons produced by the acid.One way to determine if a solution is acidic or basic is to use litmus paper, as shown above. There are two types of litmus papers: red and blue.How does litmus paper indicate an acid? Both strips turn red.