a cline: a. is a gradual change in phenotype over a geographical area. b. is variation that falls into discrete categories. c. describes the pattern of occurrence of trisomy 18. d. was used to describe human variation as early as the renaissance.

Answers

Answer 1

The correct answer is c. describes the pattern of occurrence of trisomy 18.  a cline.

Gradients called clines are used to teach meaning gradations. Words that represent temperature, such tepid, hot, boiling, cool, cold, warm, chilly, and freezing, are spread out along the gradient. A cline is an array of linguistic constructs that ranges from one extreme to another, such as from positive to negative or from weak to powerful. The teacher invites students to plot probability modal verbs like "must," "may not," and "may" on a probability cline ranging from 100% sure to 100% uncertain. As they come up with synonyms, talk about implications, and explore subtleties of meaning, Word Cline supports children in developing, honing, and using new vocabulary.

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Related Questions

The process in which impurities are removed from a mineral​

Answers

Answer:

The removal of impurities is usually done chemically. For example, in the manufacturing of iron, calcium carbonate is added to the blast furnace to remove silicon dioxide from the iron ore. Zone refining is an economically important method for the purification of semiconductors.

Explanation:

Charles darwin suggested that atolls begin as coral reefs around volcanic islands. Will Surtsey island-icelands newest volcanic island ever become an atoll. Why or why not?

Answers

Answer:

No.

Explanation:

No, Surtsey island and Iceland newest volcanic island will not become an atoll because these islands have no underground volcanoes. The atolls are only occur when the volcanoes are present underwater and we know that these volcanoes are present on the lands not in the water so there is no possibility of having atolls in these Surtsey and Iceland volcanic islands

What two different patterns of circulation are found in vertebrates

Answers

Answer:

Double circulation and coronary circulation

Explanation:

land vertebrates developing a new way to take blood from the heart to the heart and a double circulation

Answer:

Land vertebrates developed lungs, a new vein (the pulmonary vein) to take blood from them to the heart, and a double circulation, whereby the heart is effectively divided into two halves—one-half concerned with pumping incoming deoxygenated blood from the body to the lungs and the other with pumping oxygenated blood

Explanation:

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Complete the analogy

Cells : _______ :: Species : Population

Answers

Answer:

There are more but there is only one blank so,

The answer should be Organism (?)

Which act prompted the developers to install stormwater management systems to handle the movement of polluted water? The_______prompted the developers to install stormwater management systems to handle the movement of polluted water.

Answers

Answer:

The US Clean Water Act

Explanation:

The US clean water Act was passed in 1972. The main purpose of the Act was to ensure the regulation and reduction of pollutants into the water bodies. This was to ensure that the waterbodies were more cleaner, clearer and fit for use by the populace and thriving of life forms present.

This led the developers to install stormwater management systems to handle the movement of polluted water away from the waterbodies.

order the relationship between muscle fibers, fascicles, myofibrils, and muscles from largest structure to smallest

Answers

Answer:

The answer is below

Explanation:

From the scientific and medical knowledge of human anatomy, placing aforementioned body structures in order of largest to the smallest, we have the following

1. muscles

2. fascicles

3. muscle fibers

4. myofibrils

Collecting vessels are formed by the convergence of several lymphatic
capillaries
duct
thoracic duct

Answers

The thoracic duct and many lymphatic capillaries join through lymph trunks to form collecting vessels.

What is called the vessels?

There are three types of blood vessels: Your arteries carry blood away from your heart. Veins allow blood to return to the heart. Capillaries, the smallest blood vessels, connect veins and arteries. a channel via which the body's blood circulates. The network of blood vessels includes veins, capillaries, venules, arteries, and arterioles.

How many blood vessels are in the body?

By the time we reach maturity, each of us has 60,000 miles of blood vessels inside our bodies, which is more than twice the circumference of the globe. These blood veins maintain blood flow, which maintains the health of your organs, including the heart, and provides oxygen and nutrition to your tissues. The blood, arteries, and heart deliver oxygen and nutrients to the body's cells.. The body's network of veins, arteries, and capillaries enables blood to transport carbon dioxide into the lungs (for expiration) and pick up oxygen. Once food nutrients have been collected from the small intestine, they are delivered to every cell of the body through the blood.

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Match the strand with the compliment. 3' - TATAGTCATGCA - 5'

Answers

5' ATATCAGTACGT 3'

AS T is complemntary to A and C is complementary to G

The image shows a vulture soaring over a rocky cliff. The arrows model the different ways energy moves between the sun, atmosphere, and geosphere.

Match each type of energy transfer to the arrows shown in the image. Describe how energy transfer helps the vulture soar above this rocky cliff.

The image shows a vulture soaring over a rocky cliff. The arrows model the different ways energy moves

Answers

Given what we know about the way energy moves through the Earth, we can confirm that the vulture uses the hot air currents that result from this movement of energy to soar above the cliff.

The energy from the sun travels through the atmosphere, then into the soil where it is absorbed. The soil then radiates the heat back out into the atmosphere.

Given that hot air rises, this radiated heat causes the formation of hot air currents that the vulture then uses to glide upwards in a circular motion.

The vulture planes over the hot air currents with its wings at an angle to climb, it goes higher the further it wishes to travel given that once at the desired height, it glides downward towards its destination.

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The image shows a vulture soaring over a rocky cliff. The arrows model the different ways energy moves

scientist collected the following data, which show how the pressure of water vapor changes with temperature.Temperature (°C)Pressure (mm Hg)04.5109.62019.13033.24058.75095.6What would a scientist do to best communicate these data to other scientists in a presentation?Replace the table with text highlighting pressures.Change the unit of pressure to atm.Make a graph for better visual representation.Display only rows 1, 3, and 6 of the data to simplify results.

Answers

which one of the following is Not an organic compound

you are looking at a somatic diploid cell in g2 and see that there are 36 chromosomes present? how many pairs of homologous chromosomes are there?

Answers

When looking at a somatic diploid cell in G2 and seeing that there are 36 chromosomes present, there will be 18 pairs of homologous chromosomes.

What is a somatic diploid cell?

Somatic cells are cells that make up the body of an organism that are not used for sexual reproduction. A diploid cell is a cell that has two sets of chromosomes. Each set has 23 chromosomes, and the diploid cell contains 46 chromosomes total. A pair of homologous chromosomes refers to two chromosomes with the same size, shape, and set of genes.The cell cycle is a process that occurs in cells. It consists of various stages, each with its specific characteristics. The cell cycle can be divided into two main stages: interphase and the mitotic phase.

Interphase is the period in which cells prepare for division. G1, S, and G2 are the three phases of interphase. During G1, cells grow and develop. DNA replication occurs in S phase, and cells prepare for mitosis in G2 phase. Mitosis, which is the second stage, is where cells divide to produce two daughter cells. The daughter cells are genetically identical to the parent cell, and each daughter cell receives a set of chromosomes.

There are 18 pairs of homologous chromosomes in a somatic diploid cell in G2 with 36 chromosomes present.

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Hershey and Chase started with a virus called a

. They used the radioactive isotope sulfur-35 to label the


of the virus and phosphorus-32 to label the


of the virus. They allowed the tagged virus to infect bacteria and studied the results. Hershey and Chase found that the only radioactive isotope within the bacteria was

. This result indicated that the genetic material inserted by the virus to infect the bacteria was

.


Answer Choices

DNA


bacteriophage


protein


32P


35S

Answers

Hershey and Chase started with a virus called a bacteriophage. They used the radioactive isotope sulfur-35 to label the protein of the virus and phosphorus-32 to label the DNA of the virus. They allowed the tagged virus to infect bacteria and studied the results. Hershey and Chase found that the only radioactive isotope within the bacteria was 35S. This result indicated that the genetic material inserted by the virus to infect the bacteria was 32P.

What is DNA?

This is referred to as deoxyribonucleic acid and is the genetic material of living organisms.

Hershey and Chase showed that when bacteriophages, which are composed of DNA and protein, infect bacteria, their DNA enters the host bacterial cell, but most of their protein does not.This was why only radioactive isotope within the bacteria was 35S.

This result indicated that the genetic material inserted by the virus to infect the bacteria was 32P. This brought the conclusion that protein was not genetic material, and that DNA was genetic material.

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.

Answer:Bacteriophage

protein

DNA

32p

DNA

Explanation:

I got them all correct in realize

during inoculation, the blood agar plate should be stabbed with the inoculating loop. the purpose of this is to:

Answers

During inoculation, the blood agar plate should be stabbed with the inoculating loop. The purpose of this is to increase the surface area of the agar exposed to the bacteria and ensure growth of bacteria both aerobically and anaerobically.

When the inoculating loop is stabbed in the blood agar plate, the surface area of the agar that is exposed to the bacteria is increased. This allows the bacteria to grow more easily, which is crucial for identifying and studying the microorganisms present in the sample.

Stabbing the agar also enables the bacteria to grow both aerobically and anaerobically by allowing oxygen to diffuse into the agar at the surface and enabling bacteria to grow anaerobically in the deeper regions of the agar. It also helps to distribute the bacteria evenly throughout the agar and prevents the formation of concentric colonies. By using this technique, the growth of bacteria is ensured and the presence of various microorganisms can be accurately observed.

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State 50 living things

Answers

1. Ant

2. Antelope

3. Baboon

4. Bat

5. Beagle

6. Bear

7. Bird

8. Butterfly

9. Cat

10. Caterpillar

11. Chicken

12. Cow

13. Dog

14. Dolphin

15. Donkey

16. Eagle

17. Fish

18. Fly

19. Fox

20. Frog

21. Gerbil

22. Goose

23. Gopher

24. Gorilla

25. Heron26. Honey Bee

27. Horn Shark

28. Horse

29. Ibis

30. Iguana

31. Impala

32. Jackal

33. Jaguar

34. Javanese

35. Jellyfish

36. Kakapo

37. Kangaroo

38. King Penguin

39. Kiwi

40. Koala

41. Lemming42. Lemur

43. Leopard

44. Saola

45. Scorpion

46. Snake

47. Swan

48. Tuatara

49. Turkey

50. Zebra

8. Which of the following best represents the energy flow
between photosynthesis and
cellular respiration?

a. Sunlight → photosynthesis →→ ATP → cellular
respiration →→ Glucose
-
b. Sunlight → cellular respiration → ATP →
photosynthesis → ADP

c. Sunlight → photosynthesis →→ Glucose → cellular
respiration →→ ATP

d. Sunlight → cellular respiration→ Glucose →
photosynthesis →→ATP
OD

Answers

carbohydrates, cellular respiration, ATP, light, photosynthesis, and water best represents the energy flow between photosynthesis and cellular respiration

Plants (including algae and some bacteria) employ sunlight, water, and CO2 during photosynthesis to produce sugars (carbohydrates). This reaction, which takes place in chloroplasts, results in the reduction of CO2 (gaining electrons), oxidation of water (losing electrons), and production of oxygen (O2). The usage of that O2 in cellular respiration follows. Cellular respiration takes place in mitochondria and consumes glucose and oxygen to create ATP, which is the energy source. H2O and CO2 are created.

Photosynthesis is essential to most life on Earth. Plants, microalgae, as well as some types of bacteria carry out the process by capturing solar energy to create oxygen (O2) plus biochemical power is supplied in glucose (a sugar). Consequently, herbivores get this energy from consuming plants, and carnivores get it from eating herbivores.

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it is common that genes encoding proteins with similar sequences and enzymatic activities are identified in several independent epigenetic processes. which group of genes is the most likely to encode proteins with similar sequences and enzymatic activities? the lists contain phenotypes of the corresponding mutants. group of answer choices less white patches in drosophila eyes showing pev, too broad expression pattern of homeotic genes in early drosophila development, unable to produce flowers even after cold treatment more white patches in drosophila eyes showing pev, too broad expression pattern of homeotic genes in early drosophila development, unable to produce flowers even after cold treatment less white patches in drosophila eyes showing pev, too broad expression pattern of homeotic genes in early drosophila development, able to produce flowers without cold treatment all of the choices are correct

Answers

The less white patches in Drosophila eyes showing PEV, too broad expression pattern of homeotic genes in early Drosophila development, able to produce flowers without cold treatment.

The group of genes that is most likely to encode proteins with similar sequences and enzymatic activities are those that result in the same phenotype when mutated.Therefore, the answer is: less white patches in Drosophila eyes showing PEV, too broad expression pattern of homeotic genes in early Drosophila development, able to produce flowers without cold treatment.This is because mutations in these genes result in the same phenotype, indicating that they may be involved in similar epigenetic processes. The other options describe different phenotypes associated with mutations in different genes, and therefore, they are less likely to encode proteins with similar sequences and enzymatic activities.

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Flag questionTransfer RNAs (tRNA) are produced through transcriptionof tRNA "genes" (DNA).It is of course essential that the tRNAs produced havecorrect ribonucleotide sequences so that (i) they arerecognised by the correct aminoacyl tRNA synthetase and(ii) they have an anticodon that matches them to thecorrect mRNA codon during translation.ESTSAssume the DNA encoding one of the tRNAs for the aminoacid tryptophan has been mutated and instead of itsanticodon sequence reading 5'-CCA-3' (correct), it nowreads 5'-TCA-3' (incorrect).What will be the effect on protein synthesis? Explainbriefly.TEEK 11CEK 11

Answers

It would depend on whether the modified codon code for the same amino acid or not. If it does not code for the same amino acid, then the protein would be different, and in some cases, it can cause a problem with its function, mostly if this modification is found on the interaction site of the protein with other components.

Species with homologous structures most likely:
A. are not closely related through evolution.
B. use it for the same function.
C. used to use the structure at one time but don't anymore.
D. share a common ancestor.

Answers

Groups with homologous characters share a common ancestor. These characters have the same embryological development, although their function might vary. Option D. share a common ancestor.

What is a homologous character?

Homologous characters are structures with the same basic elements.

Their position in the body and the relations with adjacent structures are also the same in different organisms, and they even share the same embryological development.

These structures might show variations between the organisms exhibiting them. Variations might be related to their function and to the environment in which the organism lives. The function they accomplish is not necessarily the same in all the organisms involved.

These homologous characters are present in organisms related that share a common ancestor.

For example, whales, humans, and cats all have the same bones in the same order, but they matured differently in later embryological development.

The correct option is then option D. Species with homologous structures most likely share a common ancestor.

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Species with more likely homologous structures share a common ancestor.

D. share a common ancestor.

What are example homologous structures?

The most correct definition for homology would be: They are structures of individuals, of different species or not, that were inherited from a common ancestor. The human arm is homologous to the horse's front leg. The bat's wing is homologous to the whale fin.

With this information, we can conclude that homologous  have same embryological origin of structures from different organisms, and these structures may or may not have the same function

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a large glucose molecule requires facilitated diffusion, but an oxygen molecule does not

Answers

Answer:

A large glucose molecule requires facilitated diffusion but an oxygen molecule does not is a semipermeable membrane

Explanation:

Have a nice day :)

what tool can turn waste into inert and non-toxic substances?

Answers

Answer:

An incinerator is a widely used tool for transforming garbage into inert and non-toxic compounds. It burns garbage at high temperatures, turning it into ash and gases. While the gases are typically cleaned to remove any pollutants before being released into the atmosphere, the ash can be further processed to lessen its toxicity and make it acceptable for disposal. Another choice might be a gasification system, which heats trash at high temperatures in an oxygen-poor atmosphere to create syngas. This syngas can be turned into electricity or utilised as fuel.

hope it helps!

A thermal oxidizer is the appropriate response to this query. Industrial equipment called thermal oxidizers is used to convert hazardous waste into inert, non-toxic chemicals.

What is the scenario with the heat and oxygen ?

Heat, oxygen, and a catalyst are used in their operation to transform dangerous substances into innocuous ones. The dangerous material's molecules are broken down by heat, oxygen, and a catalyst, which also speeds up the process.

In order to properly dispose of hazardous waste materials, thermal oxidizers are frequently employed in the chemical, pharmaceutical, and petrochemical sectors.

Additionally, they are utilised in facilities that burn medical waste and when biomass is converted into electricity. Thermal oxidizers are made to guarantee that hazardous items are disposed of properly and safely while minimising the quantity of pollutants discharged into the environment.

Thermal oxidizers can transform trash into inert, non-toxic materials with a high degree of efficiency and economy. They are designed to be used in a variety of applications and are capable of breaking down a wide range of materials. Thermal oxidizers are reliable, durable, and easy to maintain, making them an ideal solution for waste management.

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Which is the structure labeled a?

Which is the structure labeled a?

Answers

Answer:

=A substance.

.............

Help pleaseeee:) brainliest will be given

Help pleaseeee:) brainliest will be given

Answers

Answer:

C, bacteria

Explanation:

Answer:

the answer is bacteria hope it helps

Like most liquids, water contracts (gets smaller) when it freezes.

Answers

Like most of the other liquids, water does not contract on freezing but it expands and gets denser when it freezes. On freezing, liquid water changes to ice which is solid. Thus, correct option is B.

What is Phase Transition?

Water is the universal solvent. When this liquid is cooled down to freezing it changes its state from liquid state to open hexagonal lattice solid. This is called Phase transition. During Phase transition, certain properties of the medium changes.

The amount of potential energy decreases and thus the movement of molecules is reduced. As the water temperature reaches around 0°C, the molecules stick together and form a solid – ice but small movements are still there. Thus, B is the correct option.

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Your question is incomplete, but most probably your full question was,

Like most liquids, water contracts (gets smaller) when it freezes.

A. True

B. False

Identify the characteristics of plant-like protists. check all that apply. a. all contain cell walls b. autotrophs c. unicellular d. all are stationary

Answers

Plant-like protists are eukaryotic, photosynthetic, unicellular, or multicellular, having pyrenoids, gametangia, and a flagellum. So, option a, b, and c is correct.

Plant-like protists are called algae. Algae are considered plant-like because it contain chloroplasts and produce food through photosynthesis. Some algae, the diatoms, are unicellular. Others, such as seaweed, are multicellular.

The protists Chlamydomonas, diatoms, Laminaria, Coralline, Ulva, and Euglena are examples of plants like protists.

Some of the characteristics of plant-like protists are:

Autotrophs: Plant-like protists can make their own food through photosynthesis.

Cell walls: Most plant-like protists have cell walls, which are made of cellulose.

Unicellular or multicellular

Flagella or cilia: For locomotion (all are not stationary)

Therefore, the correct options are a, b, and c.

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Answer:

only B and C

Explanation:

Just did the question on Edge

Which discovery did scientists make after many years of scientific research on heredity? A. The information that codes for traits is carried by DNA. B. Proteins are the source of inherited information. C. Inherited information is passed between parents and offspring by RNA. D. Genes are coded on proteins that are passed down over generations.

Answers

The information that codes for traits is carried by DNA (option a).

After many years of scientific research on heredity, scientists made the discovery that the information that codes for traits is carried by DNA. This finding revolutionized our understanding of genetics and inheritance.

1. Early research on heredity:

  Scientists had long been interested in understanding how traits are passed from parents to offspring. Early studies by Gregor Mendel in the 19th century laid the foundation for our understanding of inheritance patterns.

2. Identifying the molecule of heredity:

  In the mid-20th century, scientists were eager to uncover the molecule responsible for transmitting genetic information. They hypothesized that proteins, which are abundant in cells, might carry the hereditary information.

3. The role of DNA:

  Through a series of experiments, including the famous Hershey-Chase experiment in 1952, it was established that DNA, not proteins, is the molecule responsible for transmitting genetic information. This experiment demonstrated that DNA, rather than proteins, is the material that enters bacterial cells and carries the genetic instructions.

4. Structure and function of DNA:

  The discovery of the structure of DNA by James Watson and Francis Crick in 1953 revealed how the information is stored and transmitted. The double helix structure of DNA, with its sequence of nucleotides, provides the code for the traits and characteristics of living organisms.

5. Confirmation through further research:

  Over the years, additional studies, including the Human Genome Project, have further confirmed that DNA carries the genetic information that determines inherited traits in all living organisms.

In conclusion, after years of scientific research, scientists discovered that the information that codes for traits is carried by DNA, not proteins, RNA, or coded proteins passed down over generations. This breakthrough has had a profound impact on our understanding of heredity and genetics.

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mRNA, or structure A, is made off of the template or bases found in which molecule?
А
tRNA
B
DNA

Answers

Answer:

B. DNA

Explanation:

Messenger RNA (mRNA) copies information from DNA, the process is called transcription.

Hope it helps.

What keeps cells from growing indefinitely?

Answers

Answer:

Apoptosis

Explanation:

Apoptosis is a process that some cells go through when their embryo divides. It is programmed cell death. Apoptosis can help protect organisms from developing cancerous growths, or the uncontrolled growth/division of cells.

Well Cells are limited in size because the outside (the cell membrane) must transport the food and oxygen to the parts inside. As a cell gets bigger, the outside is unable to keep up with the inside, because the inside grows a faster rate than the outside.

A researcher is examining the dna sequences of a group of mice. He notices that in one of the mice, one nucleotide pair is substituted with another in the part of the dna sequence that codes for fur color. However, despite the substitution, the mouse still has the same fur color as the other mice with the correct dna sequence. Why does this substitution of nucleotides in the mouse not change its phenotype, or physical characteristics?.

Answers

The mouse's DNA is entirely distinct from that of the other mice. When one DNA nucleotide in a gene's protein-coding region changes without changing the order of amino acids that make up the protein that the gene codes for, the change is called a silent mutation.

What does the mouse's nucleotide substitution not do?

A mutation known as a silent mutation does not affect the amino acid and hence has no effect on how the protein functions. The replacement mutation in the fur color gene was a quiet mutation, therefore it had no effect on the final phenotype.

When is a DNA-based protein generated by a cell necessary?

When a cell wants to synthesize a certain protein, transcription from DNA produces messenger RNA (mRNA).

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What’s the answer please help

Whats the answer please help

Answers

Answer:

I think the answer would be C because I don't think rocks and be recyled and due to the fact that they come out of caves or from places that use to have a cave or an Valcano.

If earth was not tilted there would be no

Answers

Answer:

There would be no seasons.

Explanation:

Seasons are four divisions of the year marked by particular weather patterns and daylight hours resulting from the earth's changing position with regard to the sun. This for this season's are spring, summer, autumn and winter.

If Earth was not tilted on its axis, there would be no seasons. The tilt of the Earth's axis is responsible for the changing seasons we experience throughout the year.

Earth's axis is tilted approximately 23.5 degrees relative to its orbit around the Sun.  Because of this tilt, the Earth's surface receives varying quantities of sunlight throughout the year.

When one hemisphere is inclined towards the Sun, it experiences summer and receives more direct sunlight, while the other hemisphere is slanted away from the Sun, experiences winter, and receives less direct sunlight. The duration of day and night are about equal during the equinoxes when neither hemisphere is inclined towards or away from the Sun. Seasons are created by the fluctuations in temperature and sunshine throughout the year.

Thus, if Earth was not tilted on its axis, there would be no distinct seasons.

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Discussion Topic Please post detailed answers to the following questions. Please use complete sentences. What do you think would be the most challenging aspect of working with dogs and cats suffering from a disease? Why? What roles do the US and Florida constitutions play in deciding the powers and jurisdiction of the courts? PLZZZ hury and answer this thanks to whoever does You need to save $1,300 to go overseas in two years. You deposit $800 in a savings account today. The account earns 10% interest. You will make an additional deposit in one year. How much must you deposit in one year in order to have enough to go on the trip? Exercise 1 Underline the root of each word. Using a dictionary when needed, define each word. If there is more than one definition, use one that emphasizes the meaning of the root.hydraulic Lesson 10.13: Random Sampling and Random AssignmentCheck Your Understanding 1. Zach works at the Verizon store and wonders if iPhones last longer if the screen brightness is set to low. He selects a random sample of 20 brand new iPhones from this store and randomly splits them into two groups of 10. For the first group of 10 iPhones, he sets the screen brightness to low and then starts a movie. For the second group of 10 iPhones, he sets the screen brightness to high and then starts a movie. For each iPhone, he measures the amount of time until the battery is all the way dead. He finds that the low brightness iPhones lasted longer, on average, than the high brightness iPhones.(a) Was this an observational study or an experiment? Explain your reasoning. (b) What is the explanatory variable and the response variable? (c) Was a random sample used to collect the data? (d) Was random assignment used to set up an experiment? 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Furthermore, depreciation and amortization were 17% of net fixed assets, interest was $9,300,000, the corporate tax rate was 25%, and Laiho pays 47.25% of its net income as dividends. Given this information, construct the firm's 2021 income statement. An animal shelter has 21 puppies if the puppies are 28% of the total dog and cat population how many dogs and cats are there in the animal shelter A.59B.70C.49D.75 Find the mean and median of the given data set.29, 25, 23, 22, 32, 29 Select the statement that correctly explains why the water solubility of the carboxylic acid is greater than that of the ester. a. The carboxylic acid is much more soluble because the - COOH group is on the end of the molecule and is therefore more accessible to H20. b. An ester group (-COOR) cannot form hydrogen bonds with water since there are no hydrogen atoms in the ester group. c. Carboxylic acid groups (-COOH) can form hydrogen bonds with each other, but ester groups (-COOR) cannot. d. 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