A catalytic converter has to be at least how hot before it begins to work?

Answer:

I would say that the hardest part about learning Thermodynamics is the generality and abstractness of it all.

Explanation:

The balanced redox reaction will be  -

2 Cr(s) + Cr₂O₇²⁻(aq) +   14 H⁺(aq) → 4 Cr³⁺(aq) +7 H₂O(l)

When Cr dissolves in 1 M H₂Cr₂O₇

Cr(s) ⇄ Cr³⁺ + 3 e⁻

Cr₂O₇²⁻ + 14 H⁺ + 6 e⁻ ⇄ 2 Cr³⁺ + 7 H₂O

by multiplying the first equation by 2 and add the 2 equations;

The balanced redox reaction will be

2 Cr(s) + Cr₂O₇²⁻(aq) + 14 H⁺(aq) →   4 Cr³⁺(aq) + 7 H₂O(l)

A balanced redox reaction   is a chemical equation in which the number of electrons gainedin reduction is equal to the number of electrons lost in oxidation.

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Full Question:

Although part of your question is missing, you might be referring to this full question:

Write a balanced redox equation for the reaction that occurs cr dissolves in 1 m h2cr2o7.

Answer:

B. Iron

Explanation:

took the test.

Answer:

C. 14.55

Explanation:

12 x 10 = 120

120 divded by 10 is 12

so now we do the left side

7 x 3 = 21 divded by 10 is 2

so now we have 14

and the remaning area is 0.55

so 14.55

Answer:

A =41 .....

......

......

....C=21

The approximate markup rate on the refrigerator is A. 51.7%

In order to estimate the markup percentage applied to the refrigerator, it is necessary to ascertain the total sum paid by Eduardo during the two-year period.

Over a period of 2 years, he regularly contributed $35 every week, resulting in a total sum of $3640, calculated by multiplying $35/week by 52 weeks/year and then further by 2 years.

We can determine the markup percentage by computing the variance between the overall sum disbursed and the price labeled on the item: $3640 subtracted by $2400 equals $1240.

One way to calculate the percentage markup is by dividing the markup amount by the original price, then multiplying the result by 100. For instance, if the markup is $1240 and the original price is $2400, the percentage markup would be approximately 51.7%.

The fridge has been marked up by around 51.7%.

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Answer:

  0°

Explanation:

The resistor voltage has the same phase as the circuit current. There is no phase difference.

Answer:

Explanation:

The correct option among the given options is option E, i.e. hypotonic, a contractile vacuole.

Freshwater protozoans react to a hypotonic environment by removing water through contractile vacuole.

What are protozoans?

Protozoans are a group of single-celled organisms that live in different types of environment.

They are classified under kingdom Protista, which is the simplest group of organisms, and they have various nutritional requirements.

Protozoans range in size from 2-50 micrometres, and they are found in marine, freshwater and terrestrial environments.

Contractile vacuole and its function:

The contractile vacuole is a type of vacuole present in freshwater protozoans.

It has a vital role in maintaining the osmotic pressure of the cell and preventing the cell from bursting.

The contractile vacuole acts like a kidney and regulates the water balance in freshwater protozoans.

When a freshwater protozoan is placed in a hypotonic environment, that is an environment with low salt concentration, the cell will take in a large amount of water through osmosis.

To prevent the cell from bursting, the excess water is pumped out of the cell by the contractile vacuole.

As a result, the cell loses water, and the contractile vacuole will contract and expel the water to the outside of the cell.

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Answer:

Cfl lightbulbs

Explanation:

took the test

Method called power the computes xn where x and n and positive integers. the method has two integer parameters and returns a value of type long is known as Power method:

here is an example implementation of the power method:
```
public static long power(int x, int n) {
   long result = 1;
   for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
       result *= x;
   }
   return result;
}
```

This method takes in two integer parameters `x` and `n`, and computes the value of `x` raised to the power of `n` using a for loop. It initializes a `long` variable `result` to 1, and then multiplies it by `x` for `n` times. Finally, it returns the computed result as a `long` value. Note that this implementation assumes that `x` and `n` are both positive integers.

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Answer: Most master’s degree programs will take an average of two years from start to finish – about half of the time it takes to earn your bachelor’s degree. While bachelor’s degree programs involve many introductory and general education courses, a master’s degree curriculum is all about the subject area you selected to study.

Explanation: Hope this was helpful

Answer:

La potencia disipada por el resistor es 200 watts.

Explanation:

Supóngase que el resistor trabaja en corriente continua (CC). La potencia disipada por el resistor (\(\dot W\)), medida en watts, es definida por la siguiente ecuación matemática:

\(\dot W = i^{2}\cdot R\) (1)

Donde:

\(i\) - Corriente eléctrica, medida en amperios.

\(R\) - Resistencia eléctrica, medida en ohms.

Si sabemos que \(R = 10000\,\Omega\) y \(i = 20\times 10^{-3}\,A\), la potencia disipada por el resistor es:

\(\dot W = (20\times 10^{-3}\,A)\cdot (10000\,\Omega)\)

\(\dot W = 200\,W\)

La potencia disipada por el resistor es 200 watts.

Answer:

1. make any last minute repairs

2. install new equipment and furnishings

3. troubleshoot solutions to any lingering problems or malfunctions

Explanation:

Given that the role or functions of maintenance and operations crews in building construction are to ensure that the building is maintained to the required standard of use.

This involves making sure that all repairs in a building are done. The equipment is properly installed and solved any form of equipment that malfunctions.

Hence, in this case, the correct answer is:

1. make any last-minute repairs

2. install new equipment and furnishings

3. troubleshoot solutions to any lingering problems or malfunctions

Answer:

1. make any last minute repairs

2. install new equipment and furnishings

3. troubleshoot solutions to any lingering problems or malfunctions

Explanation:

I'd say number 4, number 3 looks like an exhaust valve

Answer:

the length will be 1.058

Explanation:

coefficient of linear expansivity of Aluminum, = 25 x 10⁻⁶ ⁰C⁻¹

coefficient of linear expansivity of steel, = 12 x 10⁻⁶ ⁰C⁻¹

Change in length of aluminum; ΔL = **ΔT

Change in length of steel; ΔL = **ΔT

difference in length of Aluminum and steel;

- = 0.55 m, for this difference to remain constant, then ΔL = ΔL

From the equation above, = 0.55 +

Since, ΔL = ΔL, then **ΔT = **ΔT

At constant temperature, the equation becomes;

* = *

Recall;

To calculate the length of the steel beam;

Therefore, the length of the steel beam is 1.058 m

The application layer, also known as the presentation layer, is responsible for handling all application operations between a user and an organization's back end business systems.

What do you mean by application layer?

The application layer is a layer in the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model, which is a standard model for the design of computer networks. The OSI model consists of seven layers, each of which is responsible for a different aspect of the communication process between computer systems.

The application layer is the highest layer in the OSI model and is closest to the end user. It is responsible for providing the services that directly support the user applications, such as file transfers, email, and virtual terminal access.

The application layer, also known as the presentation layer, is responsible for handling all application operations between a user and an organization's back end business systems. It acts as an intermediary between the user interface and the back end systems, ensuring that the user's requests are properly processed and that the resulting data is formatted and presented in a user-friendly manner.

This layer is responsible for implementing the logic required to perform actions such as data validation, authentication, and authorization, and it is also responsible for maintaining the user's session state and presenting the user with appropriate error messages in the event of any issues.

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Adding deductive reasoning to traditional DBMS functions is a benefit of integrating an expert system into the database component of a(n) DSS (Decision Support System)

A computer software known as an expert system use artificial intelligence (AI) techniques to mimic the decision-making and actions of a person or group of people who have knowledge and experience in a certain field. Expert systems are often designed to support human experts rather than to replace them.

Recognizing distinct consumer demographics, such as devoted, new, or prospective customers. Prospects are categorized based on their demographics and other possible demographics, such as potential hobbies. gives significant accounts top priority. tailors marketing messaging to certain targets.

Many information systems strive to convert data into information so that knowledge may be created that can be applied to making decisions.

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The tatal resistance of the series-parallel circuit with two resistor connected in parallel which combination is connected in series to a single resistor is 9 ohms.

This can be defined as the opposition to current flow in a circuit.

To calculate the total resistance, first we need to find the total resistance of the parallel resistor.

For parallel,

Where:

R' = Total resistance of the parallel resistor.

From the question,

Given:

Substitute these values into equation 1

Finally, we combine the effective parallel resistance in series to the single resistance to the the total resistance of the circuit.

Where:

From the question,

Substitute these values into equation 2

Hence, the total resistance of the circuit is 9 ohms.

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The motion of an electrode can disrupt the Helmholtz double layer surrounding an ECG electrode, leading to several effects on the recorded signal includes Signal Artifact, Electrode Polarization and signal Instability.

The Helmholtz double layer is an important concept in electrochemistry that pertains to the interface between an electrode and an electrolyte solution.

In the case of an ECG (electrocardiogram) electrode, it refers to the region where the electrode comes into contact with the skin.

When an electrode is stationary, the Helmholtz double layer is relatively stable and well-defined.

The double layer consists of two layers: the inner layer, known as the Stern layer, where ions are strongly attracted to the electrode surface, and the outer layer, known as the diffuse layer, where ions are more loosely associated and dispersed in the electrolyte solution.

If the electrode undergoes motion or displacement, it can disturb the Helmholtz double layer.

This movement disrupts the equilibrium between the electrode surface and the electrolyte solution, causing several effects on the recorded ECG signal:

Signal Artifact: The disturbance of the double layer can introduce noise or artifacts in the recorded signal.

Electrode Polarization: Motion-induced disruption of the double layer can lead to electrode polarization.

Signal Instability: The movement of the electrode can cause intermittent contact with the skin, resulting in an unstable electrode-skin interface.

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The required MTBF (in hours) for the new generator (assuming exponential and 8760 hours/year) will be 8760 hours.

7. Total test hours should be allocated for the new generator (assuming 1 failure is allowed) at 50% confidence should be 688 hours.

8. The demonstrated MTBF (ΘL) at 50% confidence if no failures were observed will be 43,800 hours. Yes, the requirement was demonstrated.

9. The static reliability of the system for this situation can be determined by calculating the probability of no failure. The probability of no failure will be 0.85 * 0.95 * 0.98 * 0.99 = 0.764. Therefore, the static reliability of the system for this situation will be 0.764.10.

Probability of the top-level event (system failure) can be calculated by adding the probabilities of all the paths leading to the top-level event. The probability of the top-level event (system failure) will be:

P(system failure) = P(Gen A failure) + P(Gen B failure) + P(Gen C failure) + P(Tie Bus failure) * P(No load shedding) + P(Tie Bus failure) * P(Load shedding)

P(Gen A failure) = 1 - e^(-8760/30000) = 0.215

P(Gen B failure) = 0.85 * (1 - e^(-8760/18000)) = 0.37

P(Gen C failure) = 0.95 * (1 - e^(-8760/30000)) = 0.276

P(Tie Bus failure) = 0.98

P(No load shedding) = 0.99

P(Load shedding) = 0.01

P(system failure) = 0.215 + 0.37 + 0.276 + 0.98 * 0.99 + 0.98 * 0.01 * (1 - P(Gen A failure)) * (1 - P(Gen B failure)) * (1 - P(Gen C failure)) * P(Tie Bus failure)P(system failure) = 0.215 + 0.37 + 0.276 + 0.98 * 0.99 + 0.98 * 0.01 * (1 - 0.215) * (1 - 0.37) * (1 - 0.276) * 0.98P(system failure) = 0.9644

Therefore, the probability of the top-level event (system failure) will be 0.9644.

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Answer:

Minimum area of rectangle = 24 cm²

Explanation:

Given:

Length of rectangle = 6 cm

Width of rectangle = 4 cm

Find:

Minimum area of rectangle

Computation:

Area of rectangle = Length of rectangle x Width of rectangle

Minimum area of rectangle = Length of rectangle x Width of rectangle

Minimum area of rectangle = 6 x 4

Minimum area of rectangle = 24 cm²

Answer:A 4-input NAND gate is normally high. It can only go low when all four of the inputs have a logical high on them. Assuming the circuit should see a condition where all four inputs go high, then a constant high output indicates a fault does exist.The first step in troubleshooting this failure is to verify the circuit, under normal operation should be seeing a condition where all four inputs do go high. It is completely possible that the circuit is working properly and the condition you were expecting simply does not occur. Verifying what your inputs should be allow you to confirm whether a failure exists in reality.Second, you should verify that the logic probe, multi-meter, oscilloscope, logic analyzer, or monitoring circuit you are using to test circuit outputs is working properly. This is easiest done by touching the probe of the monitoring device to another output you should see changing states. In one system I once had to trouble-shoot, the device had a built-in monitoring circuit and the failure was actually in the monitoring circuit rather than in the main circuit. Once you have confirmed that your test equipment is working properly, you can begin testing the actual circuit to troubleshoot the failure.Given that the circuit should be seeing periods where the gate should go low and that your test equipment is working properly, then a constant high output on this gate means either the output of the gate is open (assuming their is a tie-up resistor somewhere on the output line) or at least one of the inputs is being held low. A constant low input could be a failed gate driving one of the inputs, a short to ground on the circuit board trace connected to the constant low input, or a tie-up resistor on the input that has opened (Technically, this last cause creates a floating input which could intermittently be seen as either a high or low, but in my experience is invariably seen as a low.) The only way to determine which fault exists is to measure the voltages on each input pin to determine which input is failing and then trace the constant low back to its source.729 viewsView 1 upvote1Add a comment...Sponsored by Purdue University OnlinePurdue's 100% Online Master's Now Accepting Applications.Earn an online MS in Electrical and Computer Engineering degree in 12-24 months. View curriculum guide.Learn MoreLoring Chien, Electrical Engineer for 45 years & IEEE Sr. Life memberAnswered Jul 2, 2020

Explanation:

This question is incomplete, the complete question is;

For a steel alloy it has been determined that a carburizing heat treatment of 11.3 h duration at Temperature T1 will raise the carbon concentration to 0.44 wt% at a point 1.8 mm from the surface. A separate experiment is performed at T2 that doubles the diffusion coefficient for carbon in steel.

Estimate the time necessary to achieve the same concentration at a 4.9 mm position for an identical steel and at the same carburizing temperature T2.

Answer:

the required time to achieve the same concentration at a 4.9 is 83.733 hrs

Explanation:

Given the data in the question;

treatment time t₁ = 11.3 hours

Carbon concentration = 0.444 wt%

thickness at surface x₁ = 1.8 mm = 0.0018 m

thickness at identical steel x₂ = 4.9 mm = 0.0049 m

Now, Using Fick's second law inform of diffusion

\(x^2\) / Dt = constant

where D is constant

then

\(x^2\) / t = constant

\(x^2_1\) / t₁ = \(x^2_2\) / t₂

\(x^2_1\) t₂ = t₁\(x^2_2\)

t₂ = t₁\(x^2_2\) / \(x^2_1\)

t₂ = (\(x^2_2\) / \(x^2_1\))t₁

t₂ = \((\) \(x_2\) / \(x_1\) \()^2\) × t₁

so we substitute

t₂ = \((\) 0.0049  / 0.0018  \()^2\) × 11.3 hrs

t₂ = 7.41 × 11.3 hrs

t₂ = 83.733 hrs

Therefore, the required time to achieve the same concentration at a 4.9 is 83.733 hrs

Strong encryption now requires 256-bit keys. Therefore, the correct answer is C) 256.

Encryption is the process of converting plain text or data into ciphertext that is unintelligible without a decryption key. The strength of encryption is determined by the length and complexity of the encryption key used to encrypt the data. The longer the key, the harder it is to crack the encryption and access the original data.

In the past, encryption algorithms such as DES (Data Encryption Standard) and AES (Advanced Encryption Standard) used 40-bit or 128-bit keys, which were considered strong at the time. However, as computing power and hacking techniques have improved, longer encryption keys are now needed to ensure strong security.

Today, most secure encryption algorithms, including AES-256, use 256-bit keys, which provide a high level of security against attacks. While longer keys, such as 512-bit keys, can provide even stronger security, they may also require more processing power and slow down the encryption and decryption process.

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Answer: quarter turn

Explanation:  There are two basic types of valves ball valves and quarter turn valves or unblocks the hole, either allowing or preventing fluid flow.

Where the above conditions are given,  the specimen of S-590 alloy will elongate by 1.76 mm after 5900 hours of exposure to a tensile stress of 80 MPa at 815°C.

To solve this problem, we need to use the Larson-Miller parameter to relate time, temperature, and creep strain. The Larson-Miller parameter is defined as:

LM = (T + 273) * log(t + C)

where T is the absolute temperature in Kelvin, t is the time in hours, and C is a material constant.

To calculate the constant C, we can use the given data for the S-590 alloy:

log(C) = 20.0 - 19300/(T + 273)

At a temperature of 815°C, T = 1088 K, so:

log(C) = 20.0 - 19300/1361 = 15.29

C = 2.1 x 10^15

Now we can use the Larson-Miller parameter to find the time-temperature equivalence for the given stress and creep elongation:

LM = (T + 273) * log(t + C)

LM = (1088 + 273) * log(5900 + 2.1 x 10^15) = 42.3

Therefore, we can calculate the equivalent temperature and time as:

T_eq = LM / log(t + C) - 273 = 1384°C

t_eq = exp(LM / (T_eq + 273) - C) - C = 3.5 x 10^8 hours

At this temperature and time, we can assume that the total creep elongation is equal to the given value of 1.4 mm. Therefore, the primary creep elongation is:

epsilon_p = (1.4 mm) / (1 + epsilon_i)

where epsilon_i is the instantaneous creep elongation. We are given that the instantaneous and primary creep elongation add up to 1.4 mm, so:

epsilon_i + epsilon_p = 1.4 mm

epsilon_i + (1.4 mm) / (1 + epsilon_i) = 1.4 mm

Solving for epsilon_i, we get:

epsilon_i = 0.36 mm

Therefore, the total elongation after 5900 hours is:

epsilon_total = epsilon_i + epsilon_p = 0.36 mm + 1.4 mm = 1.76 mm

Therefore, the specimen of S-590 alloy will elongate by 1.76 mm after 5900 hours of exposure to a tensile stress of 80 MPa at 815°C.

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Neither technician is correct it is because vehicles that are capable of using 83% ethanol are called flex-fuel vehicles and such vehicles are able to achieve 100 horsepower.

Flex fuel is an alternative fuel prepared with a combination of ethanol and gasoline. Flux fuel vehicles are vehicles that have internal combustion engines made to operate on more than one type of fuel - gasoline and any blend of gasoline and ethanol up to 83%. Ethanol contains a higher octane number than gasoline so flex-fuel vehicles that use up to 83% ethanol to run have increased power and performance (100 horsepower).

So both technicians a and b are incorrect as per discussion vehicles that are able to operate on 83% ethanol are referred to as flex-fuel vehicles and those vehicles are able to provide 100 horsepower.

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