3. compounds in which elements are held together by covalent bonds...keeps their own properties
A polar molecule
B. element
C. compound
D. molecule

The importance of the following below in a nuclear reactor are:

This is referred to as the device which is used to start up and control a fission or fusion nuclear chain reaction or nuclear fusion reactions.

The control rod is responsible for the absorption of neutrons so that the nuclear chain reaction taking place within the reactor core can be slowed  or stopped. The containment structure help to prevent rays from getting into the environment thereby serving as a protective factor.

The moderator helps to slow down the speed of neutrons especially in those who have a very high speed thereby making it the correct choice.

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Answer:

65°C

Explanation:

Formula for calorimetry is:

Q = C . m . ΔT

Where Q is heat, C is specific heat, m is mass and ΔT is the difference between final T° and initial.

We have all data to replace.

First of all, we convert kJ to J → 4.94 kJ . 1000 J / 1 kJ = 4940 Joules

We made this conversion because the unit of C, is in J

As heat is lost, we have to think in a negative value. Let's replace:

- 4940 J = 4.18 J/ g °C . 35 g . ( Final T° - 98.8°C)

- 4940 J / (4.18 J/ g °C . 35 g) =  Final T° - 98.8°C

Final T° = - 4940 J / (4.18 J/ g °C . 35 g) + 98.8°C

Final T° = 65.03 °C

Notice, that this answer has sense because as T° decreased, heat has been lost.

The solubility of PbF₂ in a solution containing 0.0750 M F⁻ ions is approximately 6.08 × 10⁻⁷ M

To determine the solubility of PbF₂ in a solution containing 0.0750 M F⁻ ions, we will use the solubility product constant (Ksp) and the solubility expression.

1. Write the solubility equilibrium expression for PbF₂:
PbF₂ (s) ⇌ Pb²⁺ (aq) + 2 F⁻ (aq)

2. Write the Ksp expression:
Ksp = [Pb²⁺][F⁻]²

3. Given that Ksp of PbF₂ is 3.60 × 10⁻⁸ and the solution contains 0.0750 M F⁻ ions, let the solubility of PbF₂ be represented by x. Thus, the concentrations in the equilibrium will be:
[Pb²⁺] = x
[F⁻] = 0.0750

4. Substitute the concentrations into the Ksp expression:
3.60 × 10⁻⁸ = x(0.0750)²

5. Solve for x (solubility of PbF₂):
x = 6.08 × 10⁻⁷ M

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There are 1.31 x 1022 bromide ions in 2.00 g of \(MgBr_2\).

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a) The sphere emits thermal radiation at a rate of 139.75 Watts.

b) The sphere absorbs thermal radiation at a rate of 37.66 Watts.

c) The sphere's net rate of energy exchange is 102.09 Watts.

To calculate the rates of thermal radiation emission and absorption, we can use the Stefan-Boltzmann law, which states that the rate of thermal radiation emitted or absorbed by an object is proportional to its surface area, temperature, and the Stefan-Boltzmann constant.

a) The rate of thermal radiation emitted by the sphere can be calculated using the formula:

Emitting Rate = emissivity * surface area * Stefan-Boltzmann constant * (\(temperature^4 - environment\ temperature^4\))

Plugging in the given values:

Emitting Rate = \(0.924 * (4\pi * (0.457)^2) * 5.67 \times 10^{-8} * ((32.2 + 273.15)^4 - (82.9 + 273.15)^4)\)

Emitting Rate ≈ 139.75 Watts

b) The rate of thermal radiation absorbed by the sphere can be calculated in a similar way but using the environment temperature as the object's temperature:

Absorbing Rate = emissivity * surface area * Stefan-Boltzmann constant * (\(environment\ temperature^4 - temperature^4\))

Plugging in the given values:

Absorbing Rate = \(0.924 * (4\pi * (0.457)^2) * 5.67 \times 10^{-8} * ((82.9 + 273.15)^4 - (32.2 + 273.15)^4)\)

Absorbing Rate ≈ 37.66 Watts

c) The net rate of energy exchange is the difference between the emitting rate and the absorbing rate:

Net Rate = Emitting Rate - Absorbing Rate

Net Rate = 139.75 Watts - 37.66 Watts

Net Rate ≈ 102.09 Watts

Therefore, the sphere emits thermal radiation at a rate of 139.75 Watts, absorbs thermal radiation at a rate of 37.66 Watts, and has a net rate of energy exchange of 102.09 Watts.

Note: The units for all the rates are Watts.

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Left- and right-handed mirror image molecules are known as stereoisomers. Stereoisomers have the same molecular formula and the same connectivity of atoms, but the arrangement of the atoms in space is different. Stereoisomers are formed due to the presence of a chiral center in the molecule

A molecule is said to be chiral if it has a non-superimposable mirror image. Chiral molecules cannot be superimposed on their mirror image. This means that the left- and right-handed mirror images of a chiral molecule are not identical and are not superimposable on each other. Chiral molecules are very important in the field of biology and pharmacology because they interact differently with other chiral molecules in biological systems and can have different biological activities or therapeutic effects.Most biological molecules, such as amino acids, sugars, and DNA, are chiral. Amino acids and sugars are chiral because of the presence of an asymmetric carbon atom in their structures. DNA is chiral because of the helical structure of its double-stranded form. The handedness of chiral molecules can have significant implications for their biological activity, as the interaction between two chiral molecules can depend on their relative handedness.The study of stereoisomers is important in the field of organic chemistry and biochemistry. Understanding the stereochemistry of molecules is essential for understanding their properties and behavior. Stereoisomers can have different physical properties, such as melting point and solubility, and different biological activities, such as receptor binding and enzyme catalysis.

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Answer:

The 3rd option is correct

Explanation:

The element in group 13 and period 3 is aluminium which has the electron configuration

\(1{s}^{2} 2 {s}^{2} 2 {p}^{6} 3 {s}^{2} 3 {p}^{1} \)

or [Ne] 3s^2 3p^1

Answer:

Bakelite is made from the reaction between formaldehyde and phenolic materials at high temperatures. Bakelite is used for wire insulation, break pads and other automotive parts, and other electronics components.

If 250 mL of methane (CH4) effuses through a small hole in 48 s, the time required for the same volume of helium to pass through the hole is approximately 96 s.

The effusion rate of a gas is inversely proportional to the square root of its molar mass, according to Graham's law of effusion. In this case, we need to compare the effusion rates of methane and helium.

Since the volume is constant, we can use the ratio of their times of effusion.

Let's assume the molar mass of methane (CH4) is M1 and the molar mass of helium (He) is M2. According to Graham's law, the ratio of the effusion times is given by:

(time for methane) / (time for helium) = √(M2 / M1)

Given that the time for methane is 48 s, we need to find the time for helium. Rearranging the equation, we have:

(time for helium) = (time for methane) / √(M2 / M1)

By substituting the molar masses of methane (16.04 g/mol) and helium (4.00 g/mol), we can calculate:

(time for helium) = 48 s / √(4.00 g/mol / 16.04 g/mol)

(time for helium) = 48 s / √(0.25)

(time for helium) = 48 s / 0.5

(time for helium) = 96 s

Therefore, the time required for the same volume of helium to pass through the hole is approximately 96 seconds.

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In this type of reaction, a better reactive compound displaces the less reactive compound. For instance, zinc exists better reactive than hydrogen, therefore zinc will displace hydrogen.

The reaction, Zn + \(H_2SO_4\) →  \(ZnSO_4 + H_2\), exists an illustration of single replacement reaction. A single replacement reaction exists even comprehended as a displacement reaction.

The general structure of a displacement reaction exists:

A + BC → AC + B

In this type of reaction, a better reactive compound displaces the less reactive compound. For instance, zinc exists better reactive than hydrogen, therefore zinc will displace hydrogen.

This equation indicates the development of a chemical difference. When one molecule of zinc and one molecule of sulphuric acid responds it results in the exhibition of one molecule of zinc sulfate and one molecule of hydrogen.

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Metallic solids,

the atoms within such a metallic solid are held together by a unique force known as metallic bonding that gives rise to many useful and varied bulk properties. All exhibit high thermal and electrical conductivity, metallic luster, and malleability.

Answer: c. metallic

Answer:

Molar mass is 325.33

Explanation:

Molar mass is 325.33

Answer:

The radiation of the Sun's electromagnetic waves

Explanation:

Earth's atmosphere keeps much of the Sun's energy from escaping into space. This process, called the greenhouse effect, keeps the planet warm enough for life to exist.

Answer:

solids

Explanation:

Solid is A substance with definite volume and shape. Solids do not flow and therefore do not conform to the shape of their containers. Liquid - A substance with definite volume but without definite shape

Answer:B-Solids

Explanation:

Answer: the last one:)

Explanation: energy cannot be destroyed but can be transfered

(called energy transfer).

The equilibrium concentrations of the gases cannot be determined without the initial volume of the flask.

To predict the equilibrium concentrations of the gases in the reaction 2SOCl2(g) ⇌ SO2(g) + Cl2(g), we need to use the given equilibrium constant (Kc) value of 0.038 at 650 K and the initial amount of SOCl2 introduced, which is 6.75 g in a two-liter flask.

First, we convert the mass of SOCl2 to moles. The molar mass of SOCl2 is 118.97 g/mol, so the number of moles of SOCl2 is:

moles of SOCl2 = mass of SOCl2 / molar mass of SOCl2

              = 6.75 g / 118.97 g/mol

             ≈ 0.0567 mol

Since the stoichiometric coefficient of SOCl2 is 2 in the balanced equation, the initial moles of SO2 and Cl2 can be determined as follows:

moles of SO2 = 0.0567 mol × (1/2) = 0.02835 mol

moles of Cl2 = 0.0567 mol × (1/2) = 0.02835 mol

At equilibrium, let's assume the change in the number of moles of SOCl2 is x, then the change in the number of moles of SO2 and Cl2 will also be x.

The equilibrium concentrations can be calculated using the following expressions:

[SO2] = (moles of SO2 + x) / (2 L)

[Cl2] = (moles of Cl2 + x) / (2 L)

[SOCl2] = (moles of SOCl2 - x) / (2 L)

Since the equilibrium constant (Kc) is given as 0.038, we can write the expression:

Kc = [SO2] × [Cl2] / [SOCl2]

Substituting the equilibrium concentrations, we have:

0.038 = [(moles of SO2 + x) / (2 L)] × [(moles of Cl2 + x) / (2 L)] / [(moles of SOCl2 - x) / (2 L)]

Simplifying the equation and solving for x, we can determine the change in the number of moles of SOCl2:

0.038 × [(moles of SOCl2 - x) / (2 L)] = [(moles of SO2 + x) / (2 L)] × [(moles of Cl2 + x) / (2 L)]

Solving this equation will give us the value of x, which represents the change in moles of SOCl2 at equilibrium. Once we have the value of x, we can calculate the equilibrium concentrations of all the gases using the expressions mentioned earlier.

Note: The calculation to determine the exact equilibrium concentrations of the gases requires solving the quadratic equation derived from the equilibrium expression. The final concentrations may differ depending on the specific value of x obtained from the quadratic equation solution.

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The compound with the chemical formula CaI2 is called calcium iodide. It is composed of calcium (Ca) ions and iodide (I-) ions. Calcium iodide is commonly used in various applications, including as a source of iodine and in the manufacturing of photographic film and antiseptics.

The compound with the chemical formula CaS is called calcium sulfide. It consists of calcium (Ca) ions and sulfide (S2-) ions. Calcium sulfide is a yellowish-white solid that has applications in the production of pigments, phosphors, and as a reducing agent in chemical reactions. It is also used in wastewater treatment, as it can remove heavy metals through precipitation reactions. Calcium sulfide is known for its luminescent properties and is sometimes used in glow-in-the-dark materials.

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The answer, rounded to the correct number of significant figures, is 58 lb*ft. To calculate the answer, we need to multiply 18.18 lb by 3.2 ft.

To determine the correct number of significant figures in the answer, we need to follow certain rules:

1. When multiplying, the number of significant figures in the answer should be equal to the least number of significant figures in the original numbers being multiplied.

In this case, 18.18 lb has four significant figures, and 3.2 ft has two significant figures. The number with the least significant figures is 3.2 ft, so the answer should have two significant figures.

2. Multiply the numbers as usual, but round the answer to the correct number of significant figures.

18.18 lb x 3.2 ft = 58.176 lb*ft

Since we need two significant figures, we round the answer to 58 lb*ft.

Therefore, the answer, rounded to the correct number of significant figures, is 58 lb*ft.

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Answer:

the ball starts moving

the energy changes

The mixture of **1.0 M \(Na_2CO_3\)**2 will have the lowest freezing point.

what is The freezing point of a substance?

The temperature at which a liquid transforms into a solid when cooled is known as the freezing point. It is often referred to as the temperature at which a solid melts.

A substance's freezing point is a collective attribute. This indicates that it is dependent on the number of drugs in the system.

The freezing point is given by; T - Ta = K * m * i

Where;

T = freezing point of the pure solution

Ta = freezing point of the solution containing the solute

K = freezing point constant

m = molality of the solution

i= Van't Hoff factor

If we look at all the options provided, KI has only two particles in the solution and a molality of 1.0 m hence it should exhibit the lowest freezing point of the solution.

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A negative nitrogen balance occurs when the rate of protein breakdown in the body exceeds the rate of protein synthesis.

Inadequate protein intake: If a person does not consume enough protein through their diet, the body may not have sufficient amino acids to support protein synthesis. This can lead to muscle breakdown and a negative nitrogen balance.

Caloric deficit: Severe calorie restriction or inadequate energy intake, such as during prolonged fasting or very low-calorie diets, can cause the body to break down muscle protein for energy. This negative energy balance can result in a negative nitrogen balance.

Certain diseases and conditions: Certain medical conditions such as cancer, infections, burns, or chronic inflammatory diseases can increase protein breakdown and impair protein synthesis, leading to a negative nitrogen balance.

Intense physical training or exercise: Strenuous physical activity, especially endurance exercise or resistance training, can increase protein turnover and lead to a negative nitrogen balance if protein intake is not adequate to meet the increased demand for muscle repair and growth.

Injury or trauma: Severe injuries, surgeries, or trauma can stimulate protein breakdown and increase nitrogen losses, potentially resulting in a negative nitrogen balance.

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negative nitrogen balance is most likely to occur in conditions such as starvation, severe illness, certain diseases, and periods of rapid growth.

negative nitrogen balance is a condition in which the body excretes more nitrogen than it takes in. This can occur in various situations:

Overall, negative nitrogen balance occurs when the body is breaking down more protein than it is taking in, either due to inadequate nutrition or increased protein breakdown.

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Answer:

2.481cm³

Explanation:

this is general has equation so the formula is

P1V1/T1 = P2V2/T2

At STP, pressure is 1.01*10⁵ and temperature is 273K

((1.20*10³)400)/(250+273) = ((1.01*10⁵)V2/(273)

V2 = 2.481cm³

For a mineral that contains 50% of its original K-40, the statements which are true are option (a) Mineral Age = 50% of 1.25 b.y. - 0.625 b.y. and option (d) The percentage of Ar-40 atoms inside the mineral is reduced with time.

Potassium-40 (K-40) decays to Argon-40 (Ar-40) with a half-life of 1.25 billion years. For a mineral that contains 50% of its original K-40, the statements which are true :

a) Mineral Age = 50% of 1.25 b.y. - 0.625 b.y. - This statement is true. The age of the mineral is half the half-life of K-40 which equals 0.625 billion years.

b) Mineral Age = 1.25 by. X 1 elapsed half-life = 1.25 by. - This statement is false because the mineral contains only 50% of the original K-40.

c) The percentage of K-40 atoms inside the mineral increases with time. This statement is false because K-40 decays to Ar-40 with time.

d) The percentage of Ar-40 atoms inside the mineral is reduced with time. This statement is true because K-40 decays to Ar-40 with time. As K-40 decays, the percentage of Ar-40 atoms inside the mineral increases.

Thus, the statements which are true are option (a) Mineral Age = 50% of 1.25 b.y. - 0.625 b.y. and option (d) The percentage of Ar-40 atoms inside the mineral is reduced with time.

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Answer:

use the meaning of the word see what is similar and what is different about them

Answer:

A answer is write answer

159.77kJ

Given the balanced chemical reaction between carbon C(s) and SO2(g) expressed as:

First, we need to get the number of moles of Carbon present using the formula;

According to the reaction, 5 moles of carbon reacts to produce 239.9 kJ of heat.

To determine how much heat will be produced by 3.33 moles of Carbon, this will be expressed as:

Hence the amount of heat absorbed when 40.00 g of C( s) reacts in the presence of excess SO 2( g) to produce CS 2( l) and CO(g) is 159.77kJ

Answer:

C2H3O2^-(aq) + H^+ —> HC2H3O2

Explanation:

The following equation was given in the question:

Na^+ + C2H3O2^-(aq) + H^+ Cl^- —> Na^+ + Cl^- + HC2H3O2

Now, to obtain the net ionic equation, we simply cancel out the ions common to both side of the equation.

A careful observation of the equation above, shows that sodium ion, Na^+ and chloride ion, Cl^- are common to both side of the equation.

Therefore, to obtain the net ionic equation, we simply cancel out Na^+ and Cl^- from both side of the equation. This is illustrated below:

Na^+ + C2H3O2^-(aq) + H^+ Cl^- —> Na^+ + Cl^- + HC2H3O2

C2H3O2^-(aq) + H^+ —> HC2H3O2

Therefore, the net ionic equation is

C2H3O2^-(aq) + H^+ —> HC2H3O2

Answer:

Global wind

Explanation:

The jet streams go around the whole earth from west to east

Hope you have a good day :)

Aluminum ion has a charge of 3+, Al³⁺, and sulfate is SO₄²⁻, so the compound aluminum sulfate has to have a number of aluminum and sulfate such that the final charge is zero, so the proportion on aluminum sulfate is:

That way we have 6+ and 6-, so neutral compound.

This means that for 1 mol of aluminum sulfate, we have 2 moles of aluminum ion. The molar concentration is the number of moles of solute divided by the volume of solution, so it is directly proportional to the number of moles.

So, we can use a rule of three as follows:

aluminum ion --- aluminum sulfate

2 --- 1

x --- 0.646 M

So:

So, the concentration of aluminum ion in this solution is 1.292 M.