20 points! < is what I chose. How did I do?

1. The atmosphere on Planet A is about 90% carbon dioxide. The atmosphere on Planet B is about 50% carbon dioxide. Which planet has a higher surface temperature and why?

Planet A has a higher surface temperature due to the higher amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere <
Planet A has a lower surface temperature due to the higher amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere
Planet B has a higher surface temperature due to the lower amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere

2. Methane is the main constituent of natural gas. Choose all the following ways humans contribute to increasing methane gas:

Leaks from natural gas systems
Rotting organic matter in wetlands <
Raising cattle <

3. Pollutants come from:

natural sources
human activities
both natural sources and human activities. <

4. A substance is produced by the combustion of fuels in automobiles. Once in the atmosphere, this substance combine with water to form acid precipitation. What is this substance?

Carbon Dioxide
Nitrogen oxide
Sulfur Dioxide <

5. Why do nitrogen and oxygen atmospheric gases NOT contribute to the greenhouse effect?

They are made up of 3 atom molecules that are bound tightly so they CANNOT vibrate to absorb energy.
They are made up of 3 atom molecules that are bound tightly so they CAN vibrate to absorb energy. <
They are made up of 2 atom molecules that are bound tightly so they CANNOT vibrate to absorb energy.
They are made up of 2 atom molecules that are bound tightly so they CAN vibrate to absorb energy.

6. How do greenhouse gases contribute to global warming?

They reflect infrared energy that reaches Earth's surface and absorb the energy in all directions. This keeps the infrared energy close to the Earth's surface. <
They absorb infrared energy that reflects off Earth's surface and reemit the energy in all directions. This keeps the infrared energy close to the Earth's surface.
They reflect infrared energy that reaches Earth's surface and absorb the energy in all directions. This keeps the infrared energy away from the Earth's surface.

7. Most of the greenhouse gases produced come from which sources? (Check all that apply)

Chlorofluorocarbons (CFC) and Hydrofluorocarbons (HFC) from aerosols, cleaning agents, and refrigeration
Fracking <
Methane from rotting plant and animal matter <
Solar energy production
Burning fossil fuels in factories, ships, cars, trains <
Cutting down forests

How did I do?

The number of mole of the gas in the container is 7.58×10¯⁵ mole

From the question given above, the following data were obtained:

Temperature (T) =  250 K

Volume (V) = 1.5 L

Pressure (P) = 105 Pa = 105 / 1000 = 0.105 KPa

Gas constant (R) = 8.314 L.KPa/Kmol

The number of mole of the gas in the container can be obtained as by using the ideal gas equation as illustrated below:

0.105 × 1.5 = n × 8.314 × 250

0.1575 = n × 2078.5

Divide both side by 2078.5

n = 0.1575 / 2078.5

Therefore, the number of mole of the gas in the container is 7.58×10¯⁵ mole

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The amount of I2 in water will be 0.001202 mol/L according to the student's work.

The amount of a particular chemical solute in a specific concentration of the solution seems to be how strong it is. Molarity, or the number of molecules of material in one liter of solution, is a common unit of measurement for concentrations.

The capacity to focus is being able to control your attention. Control of attention is what it means. The capacity to concentrate without getting sidetracked on one thing, object, or concept. Focusing one's attention while ignoring extraneous thoughts is known as this.

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Answer:

Preventing erosion – Land Reclamation

Protecting nesting areas – Protecting Biodiversity

Preventing littering – Land Reclamation

Preventing habitat disruption – Protecting Biodiversity

Protecting native species – Protecting Biodiversity

Preventing contamination of soil – Land Reclamation

Explanation:

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Geologic Tools. Geologists use a lot of tools to aid their studies. Some of the most common tools used are compasses, rock hammers, hand lenses, and field books.

hope this helped <3

Answer:

1. NaCl

2. NH4F

3. MgO

4.LiCl

5. KI

6. CaO

Explanation:

In that order

This problem is describing the equilibrium whereby the formartion of a complex is attained when 1.47 g of nickel(II) chloride is dissolved in 100.0 mL of ammonia so that the latter's equilibium concentration is 0.20 M. Thus, it is asked to calculate the equilibrium concentrations of both nickel(II) ions and that of the complex.

Firstly, we can write out the chemical equation to be considered:

\(Ni^{2+}+6NH_3\rightleftharpoons Ni(NH_3)_6^{2+}\)

Next, we can calculate the initial concentration of nickel(II) ions by using the concept of molarity:

\([Ni^{2+}]=\frac{1.47gNiCl_2*\frac{1molNiCl_2}{129.6g}*\frac{1molNi^{2+}}{1molNiCl_2} }{0.1000L}=0.113M\)

Afterwards, we set up an equilibrium expression for this chemical reaction:

\(Kf=\frac{[Ni(NH_3)_6^{2+}]}{[Ni^{2+}][NH_3]^6}\)

Which can be written in terms of the reaction extent, \(x\):

\(Kf=\frac{x}{(0.113-x)(0.2)^6}\)

Now, for the calculation of \(x\), we plug in Kf, and solve for it:

\(1.2x10^9=\frac{x}{(0.113-x)(0.2)^6}\\\\1.2x10^9=\frac{x}{(0.113-x)(6.4x10^{-5})}\\\\7.68x10^4(0.113-x)=x\\\\x=0.112999 M\)

Which is about the same to the initial concentration of nickel(II) ions because the Kf is too large.

Thus, the required concentrations at equilibrium are about:

\([Ni(NH_3)_6^{2+}]=0.113M\)

\([Ni^{2+}]=0M\)

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\(\huge \bf༆ Answer ༄\)

The Correct choice is ~

\({ \qquad{ \sf{ \dashrightarrow}}}  \:  \: \sf \:MnO\)

The mass of the ethanol used is 427.8 g

We know that combustion has to do   with the process by which we burn one substance in another. The process of combustion is an oxidation reaction as we can see from the balanced reaction equation that is attached to this answer. Here, the ethanol is burned in oxygen and the result is carbon dioxide and water as shown in the image that have been attached.

Now;

We can see that the number of moles of water is 500.0 g/18 g/mol =28 moles

We can now say that;

one mole of ethanol does produce 3 moles of water

x moles of ethanol would then produce 10.9 moles of water

28 * 1 moles / 3mole

= 9.3 moles

In order to find the mass of the ethanol used;

9.3 moles * 46 g/mol = 427.8 g

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The binding energy per nucleon for the ¹⁹F nucleon is equal to 7.786 MeV/nucleon.

Binding energy can be defined as the minimum quantity of energy that is required to remove the particle from the system. Nuclear binding energy can be described as the energy required to dismantle a nucleus of an atom into free neutrons and protons.

The binding energy will be determined from the mass defect. Mass defect is calculated from the difference between the mass observed and the expected combined mass.

Given the mass of the ¹⁹F = 18.9984 a.m.u.

The mass defect for the ¹⁹F can be calculated as:

Δm = \((M _n +M_p) - M_F\)

\(\triangle m =( 9\times 1.0078 + 10 \times 1.0087 )- 18.9984\)

\(\triangle m =0.1588 \;a.m.u.\)

The binding energy for the fluorine can be calculated as:

E = Δmc²

E = 0.1588 × 931.5

E = 147.92 MeV

The binding energy per nucleon of ¹⁹F can be calculated as:

B.E.N. = 147.92/18.9984 = 7.786 MeV per nucleon

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The molecular polarity of the sun is the dipoole separation of electric charge leading to a molecule in the sun.

Molecular polarity simply refers to those regions of molecules containing or possessing positive and negative charge

So therefore, the molecular polarity of the sun is the separation of electric charge leading to a molecule in the sun.

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Explanation:

a) We have to find the number of moles of oxygen gas that are present in 22 g of it. To convert from grams to moles we usually use the molar mass. To find the molar mass of oxygen gas we need the atomic mass of O.

atomic mass of O = 16.00 amu

molar mass of O = 16.00 g/mol

molar mass of O₂ = 2 * 16.00 g/mol

molar mass of O₂ = 32.00 g/mol

moles of O₂ = 22 g * 1 mol/(32.00 g)

moles of O₂ = 0.6875 moles = 0.7 moles

b) 2 CO₂ --> 2 CO + O₂

According to the coefficients of the reaction 2 moles of CO₂ will produce 2 moles of CO and 1 mol of O₂. Then the molar ratio between CO₂ and O₂ is 2:1. We will use that ratio to find the number of moles of CO₂ that are required to produce 0.7 moles of O₂.

2 moles of CO₂ : 1 mol of O₂

moles of CO₂ = 0.7 moles of O₂ * 2 moles of CO₂/(1 mol of O₂)

moles of CO₂ = 1.4 moles

Answer:

a) Percy has to produce 0.7 moles of oxygen gas.

b) 1.4 moles of carbon dioxide are required.

The Kinetic Molecular Theory is a  scientific model that states atoms in a compound are found in a constant state of motion (movement).

The Kinetic Molecular Theory is a  scientific model that states atoms in a compound are found in a constant state of motion (movement).

Thermal energy refers to the movement of particles and therefore both concepts are interrelated.

In conclusion, the Kinetic Molecular Theory is a  scientific model that states atoms in a compound are found in a constant state of motion (movement).

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Answer: c????????

Explanation:

In the electrical arrangement, the 6p subshell of the radon element contains 6 electrons.

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Answer:

sodium carbonate

Explanation:

sodium carbonate

Answer:

specific heat, the quantity of heat required to raise the temperature of one gram of a substance by one Celsius degree. The units of specific heat are usually calories or joules per gram per Celsius degrees.

Explanation:

the heat required to raise the temperature of the unit mass of a given substance by a given amount (usually one degree).

Answer:

The heat capacity of the metal underneath the gold is 0.431 J/g°C

Explanation:

Using the formula as outlined in the image:

Q = m × c × ∆T

Where;

Q = amount of heat energy (J)

m = mass of substance (g)

c = specific heat capacity (J/g°C)

∆T = change in temperature (°C)

According to the information in this question;

Q = 503.9J

m = 23.02g

c = ?

∆T = 74°C - 23.2°C = 50.8°C

Using Q = m × c × ∆T

c = Q ÷ m∆T

c = 503.9 ÷ (23.02 × 50.8)

c = 503.9 ÷ 1169.42

c = 0.431 J/g°C

From the above heat capacity of the metal underneath the gold, it is obvious that the metal is not pure gold (c = 0.129J/g°C)

The sample with the largest number of oxygen atoms will be calcium perchlorate.

Since we are not looking at the number of moles, the mass of the compounds has no bearing on the number of atoms of oxygen.

Therefore, the compound with the largest number of oxygen atoms is calcium perchlorate.

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When an alarm sounds in the laboratory, it is important to respond quickly and remain calm. Listen for any other instructions, turn off any equipment in use, and be prepared to leave immediately.

What is laboratory?

Laboratory is a place where scientific experiments and measurements are performed. It is equipped with various types of equipment and instruments to carry out experiments and tests. Laboratories are usually used by scientists and technicians to conduct experiments, analyze samples, and conduct research. It is an area that is designed to be kept clean and organized in order to ensure safety and accuracy when conducting experiments. Laboratories can be found in many different settings such as hospitals, universities, research and development centers, and manufacturing facilities.

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The amount of energy in kilocalories released from 49 g of glucose given the data is -4.4 Kcal

How to determine the mole of glucose

Mass of glucose = 49 g

Molar mass of glucose = 180.2 g/mol

Mole of glucose = ?

Mole = mass / molar mass

Mole of glucose = 49 / 180.2

Mole of glucose = 0.272 mole

How to determine the energy released

C₆H₁₂O₆ →2C₂H₆O + 2CO₂  ΔH = -16 kcal/mol

From the balanced equation above,

1 mole of glucose released -16 kcal of energy

Therefore,

0.272 mole of glucose will release = 0.272 × -16 = -4.4 Kcal

Thus, -4.4 Kcal were released from the reaction

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Although, a part of your question is missing, you might be referring to this full question "How does crushing a candy to smaller pieces affect its digestion?"

Crushing the candy into smaller pieces increases the surface area of the solvent which will result in the reduction of digestion or dissolution.

Digestion is the process in which food taken is broken down into smaller components that can be absorbed into the bloodstream. Digestion helps in converting food into molecules, like glucose so that the body can utilize that energy for its growth and development.

While Crushing the candy into smaller pieces, we are increasing the surface area of the solvent which will result in the reduction of digestion or dissolution of the candy. Thus, the larger the size of the pieces, the slower will be the process of digestion. This physical process in which large pieces of food are cut and crushed into smaller pieces is known as mechanical digestion.

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De Broglie contributed to the development of the modern model of atoms by describing the wave properties of particles. Option E.

Louis de Broglie was a French physicist who made significant contributions to the development of quantum mechanics.

In his doctoral thesis, he proposed that particles, such as electrons, have both particle-like and wave-like properties. This idea became known as wave-particle duality and laid the foundation for the development of the modern model of the atom.

According to de Broglie's theory, particles can exhibit wave-like behavior and have a wavelength that is inversely proportional to their momentum.

This theory was later experimentally confirmed in a series of experiments that demonstrated the diffraction of electrons and other particles.

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The properties of hard and soft materials refer to their physical characteristics and behaviors.

These properties are related to factors such as the arrangement of molecules, bonding strength, and response to external forces. Here, we will discuss the general properties of hard and soft materials.

Hard materials:

Rigidity: Hard materials exhibit high stiffness and resist deformation under applied forces. They tend to maintain their shape and structure.

High strength: Hard materials have strong intermolecular or intramolecular forces, allowing them to withstand high stress and pressure without breaking or deforming.

High melting and boiling points: Hard materials often have high melting and boiling points due to the strong bonds between their atoms or molecules.

Brittle: Hard materials are often brittle, meaning they have low tolerance to tensile or bending forces and are prone to fracturing or shattering instead of deforming.

Low compressibility: Hard materials have low compressibility, meaning they do not easily compress or change volume under pressure.

Soft materials:

Flexibility: Soft materials are pliable and easily deformable under applied forces. They can be bent, stretched, or compressed without breaking.

Low strength: Soft materials have weak intermolecular or intramolecular forces, making them more susceptible to deformation or damage under stress.

Low melting and boiling points: Soft materials generally have lower melting and boiling points compared to hard materials.

Ductile: Soft materials are often ductile, meaning they can be drawn into thin wires or stretched into thin sheets without fracturing.

High compressibility: Soft materials can be easily compressed or change volume under pressure due to their loosely packed molecular structures.

It's important to note that these properties are generalizations, and there can be variations within each category. Some materials may exhibit properties that fall between hard and soft, or they may have unique combinations of properties. Materials' properties play a crucial role in various applications, as they determine their suitability for specific uses such as construction, manufacturing, and design.

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TRUE  CO(OH)₂ will precipitate from the solution if the pH of a 0.020 M solution of CO(NO₃)₂ is adjusted. ; ( TRUE )

Given that:

Ksp of CO(OH)₂ =  1.3 * 10⁻¹⁵

Chemical reaction

CO⁺² + 2OH  ---->  CO(OH)₂

First step : determine the pOH value

pOH of solution = 14 - pH

                          = 14 - 8.5 = 5.5

Also

pOH = - log [ OH⁻ ] = 5.5

Therefore :  [OH⁻] = - Antilog ( 5.5 )

                              = 3.16 * 10⁻⁶

[CO⁺²] = 0.02 given that it is obtained from 0.02 M solution of cobalt nitrate

Next step : determine the Ionic product of cobalt hydroxide

Ionic Product ( IP ) = [CO⁺²] [OH⁻]²

                              = 0.02 * ( 3.16 * 10⁻⁶)²

                              = 1.99 * 10⁻¹¹

Given that the Ionic product is greater than the Ksp of CO(OH)₂ therefore CO(OH)₂ will precipitate

Hence we can conclude that TRUE  CO(OH)₂ will precipitate from the solution if the pH of a 0.020 M solution of CO(NO₃)₂ is adjusted. ; ( TRUE )

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Answer:

Ionic bond.

Explanation:

Group 7 elements like Bromine (Br) and group 2 elements like Magnesium,(Mg) involved loss and gain of electrons which is typical with Ionic bonding.

Le Chatelier's principle states that when external changes are made to reversible chemical reactions in equilibrium, option d- the system will react in opposition to the external changes

In the 21st century, a major concern for chemical engineers is innovating products and processes that are sustainable and good for the environment. This is due to the increasing awareness of the impact of human activities on the environment and the need for sustainable practices to reduce that impact. While profitability and efficiency remain important considerations, there is now a greater emphasis on developing technologies and processes that minimize environmental harm and promote sustainability.

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Answer:

Matter is conserved during all chemical reactions because matter cannot be created or destroyed.

Explanation:

The given question is incomplete. The complete question is:

The standard heat of combustion is shown in the following chemical equation \(C_9H_{20}(g)+14O_2(g)\rightarrow 9CO_2(g)+10H_2O\)\(\Delta H_{rxn}=-6125.21kJ/mol\).  If 130 g of nonane combusts , how much heat is released?

Answer: 6211.21 kJ

Explanation:

Heat of combustion is the amount of heat released on complete combustion of 1 mole of substance.

Given :

Amount of heat released on combustion of 1 mole of nonane = 6125.21 kJ

According to avogadro's law, 1 mole of every substance occupies 22.4 L at NTP, weighs equal to the molecular mass and contains avogadro's number \(6.023\times 10^{23}\) of particles.

1 mole of nonane \((C_9H_{20})\) weighs = 128.2 g  

Thus we can say:  

128.2 g of nonane on combustion releases = 6125.21 kJ

Thus 130 g of \(C_4H_{10}\) on combustion releases =\(\frac{6125.21}{128.2}\times 130=6211.21kJ\)

Thus the heat of combustion of 130 g of nonane is 6211.21 kJ

The total number of electrons  Al+3. Fe¹3 Mg² Sn¹² Co²Co³ Lit¹ Cr+3,  Rb Pt+2 are 3, 3, 2, 12, 2, 3, 0, 3.0,2 electrons

Electrons are subatomic particles that have a negative charge and are found outside the nucleus of an atom. They orbit the nucleus in shells or energy levels and are involved in chemical bonding and electricity. Electrons are much smaller in size compared to protons and neutrons, which make up the nucleus of an atom.

Al+3 has 10 electrons (13 protons - 3 electrons).

Fe¹3 has 20 electrons (26 protons - 3 electrons).

Mg² has 10 electrons (12 protons - 2 electrons).

Sn¹² has 50 electrons (50 protons - 12 electrons).

Co² has 27 electrons (27 protons - 2 electrons).

Co³ has 26 electrons (27 protons - 3 electrons).

Li¹ has 3 electrons (3 protons - 0 electrons).

Cr+3 has 21 electrons (24 protons - 3 electrons).

Rb¹ has 37 electrons (37 protons - 0 electrons).

Pt+2 has 76 electrons (78 protons - 2 electrons).

Therefore,  The number of electrons in an atom determines its chemical behavior and the way it interacts with other atoms.

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