(10pts) In a number of early computers, an interrupt caused the register values to be stored in fixed locations associated with the given interrupt signal. Under what circumstances is this a practical technique
Answers
Storing register values in fixed locations associated with a given interrupt signal can be a practical technique in certain circumstances, particularly in early computers with limited resources and simple interrupt handling mechanisms. Here are a few circumstances where this technique may be practical such as limited memories, simplicity of interrupt handling, speed and efficientcy and compatibility and legal systems.
1. Limited memory: Early computers often had limited memory capacities. In such systems, storing register values in fixed locations associated with interrupts could be a space-efficient approach. Instead of having to allocate additional memory to store the register values, the fixed locations can be used, allowing more efficient utilization of the available memory.
2. Simplicity of interrupt handling: Early computers typically had simpler interrupt handling mechanisms compared to modern systems. By using fixed locations for storing register values, the interrupt handling routine can be designed in a straightforward manner. The hardware can directly store the register values in predetermined memory locations without requiring complex memory management or dynamic allocation schemes.
3. Speed and efficiency: Storing register values in fixed locations can provide faster access during interrupt handling. Since the locations are predetermined and known, the hardware or interrupt handling routine can directly access the register values without any additional computation or lookup operations. This can result in quicker response times and improved overall system performance.
4. Compatibility and legacy systems: In some cases, using fixed locations for storing register values may be necessary for compatibility or to support legacy systems. If an existing software ecosystem or hardware architecture relies on a specific interrupt handling technique that uses fixed locations, it may be more practical to maintain compatibility with that system rather than introducing a more advanced and complex approach.
However, it's important to note that as computer systems have evolved, more sophisticated and flexible interrupt handling mechanisms have been developed. Modern operating systems and processors provide more advanced features like interrupt vectors, interrupt service routines (ISRs), and context saving/restoration mechanisms. These mechanisms offer greater flexibility, support multitasking environments, and enable more efficient use of system resources.
Therefore, while storing register values in fixed locations for interrupts had its practicality in early computers, modern systems typically employ more advanced techniques that provide greater flexibility and scalability for interrupt handling.
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Related Questions
Write the code for a program that takes in an integer from the user and then calculates
the sum of all the numbers from 1 to the integer entered by the user. For example,
suppose the user entered the number 4; now, the output should be 10.
Answers
Answer:
Explanation:
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
int main(){
int a,b=1,sum=0;
printf("Enter the number:");
scanf("%d",&a);
while(b<=a){
sum=sum+b;
b=b+1;
}
printf("The sum is %d\n",sum);
getch();
}
This dialogue reflects what aspect of communication?
a.
body language
b.
good listening
c.
working together
d.
leadership
Please select the best answer from the choices provided
A
B
C
D
Answers
Answer:
B.
Explanation:
Prereading strategies involve ООО introducing a text. previewing a text. summarizing a text. interpreting a text. ​
Answers
Answer:
A.
Explanation:
Mark Brainliest if correct!
Answer: Previewing a text. (C)
Explanation: Just got it right.
1.Choose the best answer.:
a) Broadly, computers are of ................ purpose and ................ purpose
(i) specific, general (ii) specific, broad (iii) precise, broad (iv) None of them
b) .................. computers works on continuous signals
(i) Analog (ii) Digital (iii) PS/2 (iv) None of them
c) ................ computers are the largest and most expensive digital computers.
(i) Mainframe (ii) Mini (iii) Super (iv) Apple
d) .................. is the example of mainframe computer.
(i) CYBER 205 (ii) IBM 3081 (iii) VAX (iv) IBM 9375
e) Macintosh is the OS used in .................. computer.
(i) IBM (ii) mainframe (iii) super (iv) apple
f) .............. was mainframe computer brought first time to process census data in Nepal.
i) IBM 1400 ii) IBM1401 iii) IBM1402
g) ……… computer are used in hospital for Ultra Sound.
i) Analog ii) Digital iii)Laptop iv) Hybrid
h) Nowadays, most powerful super commuter is Sunway taihulight from .......................
i) India ii) Germany iii) China iv) Nepal
Answers
Answer:
specific, generaldigitalminiCYBER 205IBMIBM1401digitalGermanyplzz help me with this question.........
Write a program to input a number find the sum of digits and the number of digits. Display the output
sample input - 7359
sample digits - 24
number of digits - 4
Answers
Answer:
str = input("Enter a number: ")
sum = 0
for c in str:
sum = sum + int(c)
print("Sample input - {}".format(str))
print("Sum of digits - {}".format(sum))
print("Number of digits - {}".format(len(str)))
Explanation:
That's python. Was that what you were looking for?
import java.util.*;
public class Digit
{
public static void main(String args[ ] )
{
Scanner in=new Scanner (System.in)
System.out.print("Enter a number: ");
int n = in.nextInt();
int sum = 0, count = 0;
while (n!=0)
{
int d = n % 10;
sum + = d;
count++;
n /= 10;
}
System.out.println("Sum of digits=" +sum);
System.out.println("Number of digits=" +count);
}
}
What are the most common malware types? How do you safeguard computer systems against malware? Why do you need to train users of computer systems to be vigilant about malware? What are some of the most recent malware attacks that you read or herd about in the news media?
Answers
Common Malware Types:
· Viruses
· Worms
· Trojans
· Ransomware
· Spyware
· Adware
Protections From Malware:
· Firewall Software
· Anti-Virus Software
How should the teachers respond to the parental complaints of student C? If they fail the student, the student will likely be rejected from the Ivy League College and could lose scholarship opportunities. If they bow to the parent's pressure and allow a third try to make up the work, this student will have an unfair advantage over student B.
Answers
Answer:
the teacher should give the student some time to work with since they dont have the same avantage as the others
Explanation:
all should have an fair time as others
Can Someone help plz?
Answers
Answer:
i dont understand sorry
Explanation:
Where does append add the new elements?
To the end of an array.
To the middle of an array.
To the beginning of an array.
In alphabetical/numerical order.
Answers
Answer:
"Option 1: To the end of an array." is the correct answer.
Explanation:
The word "Append" means adding to the end of a document.
Appending means whatever new content is added, it is added at the end of the document or data structure.
Similarly,
Appending an array means adding new elements to the end of the array.
Hence,
"Option 1: To the end of an array." is the correct answer.
match each artificial intelligence (ai) technique with its definition. - represent the knowledge of experts as a set of rules that can be programmed so that a computer can assist human decision makers. - software that can identify patterns in very large databases without explicit programming although with significant human training. - loosely based on human neurons, algorithms that can be trained to classify objects into known categories based on data inputs. - algorithms based loosely on evolutionary natural selection and mutation, commonly used to generate high-quality solutions to optimization and search problems. - algorithms that make it possible for a computer to understand and analyze natural human language. - systems that can view and extract information from real-world images. - use of machines that can substitute for human movements as well as computer systems for their control and information processing. - software agents that use built-in or learned knowledge to perform specific tasks or services for an individual. a. robotics b. computer vision systems c. neural networks d. genetic algorithms e. natural language processing f. machine learning g. intelligent agents h. expert systems
Answers
The top AI methods—heuristics, natural language processing, artificial neural networks, machine learning, support vector machines, and markov decision processes—will be covered in this essay.
How does artificial intelligence work?
The replication of human intelligence functions by machines, particularly computer systems, is known as artificial intelligence. Expert systems, natural language processing, speech recognition, and machine vision are some examples of specific AI applications.
What fundamental principle underpins artificial intelligence?
Artificial intelligence is founded on the idea that human intelligence can be described in a way that makes it simple for a computer to duplicate it and carry out activities of any complexity. Artificial intelligence aims to emulate cognitive processes in humans.
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In order to draw a shape on the stage, what does the following function need? Move 100 steps, turn right 90 degrees with four iterations.
Event block with the commands when space key pressed, then draw square
If-then block with the commands if draw square, then run function
Known initial condition using the pen down command
Loop block with 2 iterations
Answers
To draw a square on the stage using the function described, the below elements are needed:
What is the function about?The elements are:
A "Move 100 steps, turn right 90 degrees" block to move the pen forward and turn it to the right at each corner of the square.
An event block that listens for the "space key pressed" event, and triggers the drawing of the square when this event occurs.
An "If-then" block that checks whether the "draw square" variable is true, and executes the function to draw the square if it is.
A pen down command to ensure that the pen is in contact with the stage and draws a visible line.
A loop block with 2 iterations to repeat the process of moving forward and turning right at each corner of the square.
Once all of these elements are in place, the function will be able to draw a square on the stage when the "space key pressed" event is triggered, and the "draw square" variable is true.
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What is the purpose of a web server? What is the purpose of a web browser?
Answers
Answer: the purpose of a web browser is to help answer and needed questions, and to get to sites.
Explanation:
Instructions: In Visual Studio, under your solution called FirstSolution, create a new project using the Windows Forms App template and name it FirstFormsApplication. For this part of the assignment, you will create a Windows forms application that will implement the same functionality you implemented in your console application in Part 2 in a visual manner.
Requirements:
‐ Your form should contain three textboxes, a button and a label. Two of the textboxes will be used to enter numbers, and the third will be used to enter an operation to perform (addition, subtraction, or multiplication). ‐The program will output the result of performing the selected operation on the two numbers to the label.
Answers
The question requests to develop a Windows forms application using Visual Studio and the Windows Forms App template. The program should perform the same functions as a previously constructed console application.
Follow these instructions to finish this assignment in Visual Studio:
Create a new solution called FirstSolution in Visual Studio.On the Solution Explorer, right-click the solution and choose Add > New Project.Choose Windows Forms App from the template selection and call it FirstFormsApplication.Open the Form1.cs file after the project has been created.Add three text boxes, a button, and a label from the Toolbox to the Form1 design view.Set the textbox and button attributes as follows:TextBox1 and TextBox2: Rename them num1TextBox and num2TextBox.TextBox3: Give it the name operationTextBox.CalculateButton: Give it a name and set its Text attribute to "Calculation."Create a Click event handler for the calculateButton by double-clicking it.Parse the values from the num1TextBox, num2TextBox, and operationTextBox in the event handler method and apply the necessary arithmetic operation depending on the value in the operationTextBox.Set the Text attribute of the label to show the result.To test the application, run it.
Remember to handle any exceptions that may arise when parsing or performing arithmetic operations. Consider adding features like validation and error warnings to improve the user experience.
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5. describe the differences between symmetric and asymmetric multiprocessing. what are three advantages and one disadvantage of multiprocessor systems?
Answers
Symmetric multiprocessing (SMP) is a type of multiprocessing where all processors are treated equally and have equal access to memory and I/O devices. In contrast, asymmetric multiprocessing (AMP) is a type of multiprocessing where one or more processors are designated as "master" processors and the others are "slave" processors. The master processors control the system and delegate tasks to the slave processors.
Three advantages of multiprocessor systems are:
1. Increased performance: With multiple processors, tasks can be completed faster and more efficiently.
2. Increased reliability: If one processor fails, the system can still function with the remaining processors.
3. Increased scalability: Additional processors can be added to the system as needed to increase performance.
One disadvantage of multiprocessor systems is the increased complexity of the system. Managing multiple processors and coordinating tasks between them can be challenging and requires specialized software and hardware.
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I WILL MARK BRAINLIEST IF RIGHT ANSWER
What educational degree does an engineering technologist hold?
A.
a four-year bachelor’s degree in engineering
B.
a two-year associate’s degree in engineering technology
C.
a four-year bachelor’s degree in engineering technology
D.
a two-year associate’s degree in engineering
Answers
Answer:
THE ANSWER IS C
Explanation:
Answer:
the answer is both c and d
What effect does "noise" have in the communication model? Group of answer choices It prevents the message from being misinterpreted by the receiver. It helps the sender to select a more appropriate medium to transmit the message. It helps the receiver to decode the message more carefully. It distorts and obscures the sender's intended message.
Answers
The correct answer is: It distorts and obscures the sender's intended message.
In the communication model, "noise" refers to any interference or disruption that affects the transmission or reception of a message. Noise can take various forms, including physical, physiological, psychological, or semantic factors that create disturbances in the communication process.
The effect of noise in the communication model is that it distorts and obscures the sender's intended message. It interferes with the clarity and accuracy of the message being transmitted, making it difficult for the receiver to interpret the message as intended by the sender.
Noise can manifest in different ways. For example, external noise such as loud sounds or distractions in the environment can make it challenging for the receiver to hear or concentrate on the message. Internal noise like personal biases, preconceptions, or emotional states can also hinder the receiver's ability to understand the message accurately.
Overall, noise in the communication model acts as a barrier to effective communication, as it disrupts the transmission and reception of messages, leading to potential misinterpretation, misunderstanding, or incomplete communication.
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The correct answer is: It distorts and obscures the sender's intended message.
In the communication model, "noise" refers to any interference or disruption that affects the transmission or reception of a message. Noise can take various forms, including physical, physiological, psychological, or semantic factors that create disturbances in the communication process.
The effect of noise in the communication model is that it distorts and obscures the sender's intended message. It interferes with the clarity and accuracy of the message being transmitted, making it difficult for the receiver to interpret the message as intended by the sender.
Noise can manifest in different ways. For example, external noise such as loud sounds or distractions in the environment can make it challenging for the receiver to hear or concentrate on the message. Internal noise like personal biases, preconceptions, or emotional states can also hinder the receiver's ability to understand the message accurately.
Overall, noise in the communication model acts as a barrier to effective communication, as it disrupts the transmission and reception of messages, leading to potential misinterpretation, misunderstanding, or incomplete communication.
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team_id INT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
team_name VARCHAR(50),
team_rank INT NOT NULL DEFAULT 0
Refer to code example 5-1.) What are the values of the team_id, team_name, and team_rank columns after the following statement is executed, assuming that the Teams table has one row in it with a team_id of 1?
Answers
After executing the given statement, the values in the columns would be as follows: team_id = 2, team_name = NULL, team_rank = 0.
The statement mentioned does not provide any explicit values for the columns team_name and team_rank. Therefore, the default values will be assigned. For the team_id column, the AUTO_INCREMENT attribute is set, which means it will automatically generate a new unique value for each new row inserted.
Since the Teams table already has one row with a team_id of 1, executing the statement will insert a new row. The team_id column, being AUTO_INCREMENT, will generate the next unique value, which is 2. So, team_id will be 2 for the new row.
As for team_name, no value is provided in the statement, so it will be set to NULL by default.
Similarly, team_rank column does not have a value specified in the statement, and it has a DEFAULT constraint set to 0. Hence, the team_rank will be assigned the default value of 0.
In conclusion, after executing the statement, the values in the columns will be: team_id = 2, team_name = NULL, and team_rank = 0.
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ESSAY: In two or three sentences,
\( - \)
write your idea on how your knowledge in identifying, selecting and using appropriate kitchen tools, equipment and paraphernalia affects your life.
Answers
Answer:
Being able to use tools in the kitchen is essential for basic tasks. Knowing what to use helps to perform tasks properly such as cutting a lemon or peeling an apple. Not knowing how to use such tools can cause accidents that could've been avoided.
What makes a Computer Network different from a Computer System?
Answers
Answer:Computer hardware can be said as physical devices used with your machines. Hardware is what makes a computer system to work. Without hardware, a computer cannot function properly. A computer network system is made up of software and has linked protocols that allow a set of computer network that can be used.
Explanation:hope u ike it
TRUE/FALSE. In general, SCAN disk head scheduling will involve less movement of the disk heads than C-SCAN disk head scheduling.
Answers
The statement is true because in C-SCAN disk head scheduling, the disk arm moves in only one direction, servicing all requests in its path before returning to the beginning of the disk and starting again.
This ensures that requests located near the beginning of the disk are serviced more frequently, reducing the amount of time required to access data and leading to less movement of the disk heads.
In contrast, in SCAN disk head scheduling, the disk arm moves back and forth across the disk, processing all requests in its path in a single direction and then reversing direction when it reaches the end of the disk. This can result in longer access times for requests that are located far from the current position of the disk arm, and can lead to more movement of the disk heads.
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6. A small design agency you are consulting for will be creating client websites and wants to purchase a web server so they can host the sites themselves. How will you advise them on this purchase?
Answers
Answer:
Explanation:
The best way to advise the agency in this matter would be to help them completely understand the total cost of ownership of the server. This includes the server itself but many other factors as well. Such as any and all server software and application software that they will need, an IT server manager, facility costs, security costs, backup features. These are some of the main costs that they will be incurring but there may be more unforeseen costs. Therefore the best way to advise them is by providing all of this information so that they can make the most informed decision possible.
Computerized spreadsheets that consider in combination both the
risk that different situations will occur and the consequences if
they do are called _________________.
Answers
Both answers are correct
The given statement refers to computerized spreadsheets that consider in combination both the risk that different situations will occur and the consequences if they do which are called decision tables.
A decision table is a form of decision aid. It is a tool for portraying and evaluating decision logic. A decision table is a grid that contains one or more columns and two or more rows. In the table, each row specifies one rule, and each column represents a condition that is true or false. The advantage of using a decision table is that it simplifies the decision-making process. Decision tables can be used to analyze and manage complex business logic.
In conclusion, computerized spreadsheets that consider in combination both the risk that different situations will occur and the consequences if they do are called decision tables. Decision tables can help simplify the decision-making process and can be used to analyze and manage complex business logic.
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if the wide area network (wan) is supporting converged applications like voice over internet protocol (voip), which of the following becomes even more essential to the assurance of the network? a. boundary routing b. classless inter-domain routing (cidr) c. internet protocol (ip) routing lookups d. deterministic routing
Answers
if the wide area network (wan) is supporting converged applications like voice over internet protocol (voip) internet protocol (ip) routing lookups will be even more essential to the assurance of the network.
Understanding WAN
WAN stands for Wide Area Network is a network that is used as a network that connects between local networks. Local computer networks are not only physically adjacent to each other, but share the same group of IP addresses.
The local network can be one room, one office or even one city. While the WAN itself is a network that connects these local networks within a city, province or even between countries. The difference between WAN and LAN networks is in the type of media used. Generally local networks or LANs use similar network media.
While the WAN is connected to devices with different transmission media and protocols. The WAN coverage area is also very wide, but unites the network as if it were in one room. WAN networks have lower data transfer rates than local networks or LANs. WAN network technology relies on companies providing long-distance telecommunications services. WAN networks use many kinds of network technologies with a mix of analog and digital signals for data transmission. Of course this is different from a local network or LAN which uses a connection between computers that are physically connected to each other with the same protocol and transmission media. The components in the WAN and their functions will be discussed later.
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Hardware refers to the _________________ of a computer
Answers
Answer:
physical component
Explanation:
Well, softwares are the applications and anything installed inside the computer but hardware isn't installed, it's just been connected by wires
Computers that are connected to each other, but not to the internet,
configured according to which network?
plzz this due today
Answers
Answer:
The answer to this question is given below in the explanation section.
Explanation:
Computers that are connected to each other, but not to each other - is an intranet.
Because in intranet computers are connected to each other within an organization and don't connect to the internet. In the intranet, computers don't access globally. For example, in banking, the banking system can be accessed within the organization but not from outside as on the internet.
While it is noted that the Internet is a globally-connected network of computers that enables people to share information and communicate with each other. An intranet, on the other hand, is a local or restricted network that enables people to store, organize, and share information within an organization.
What is an Array? 20 POINTS!!!
a. the total number of items in the collection
b. how you could order items in the collection (for example, date, price, name, color, and so on)
c. a unique address or location in the collection (for example, page number in an album, shelf on a bookcase, and so on)
d. the type of item being stored in the collection (for example, DC Comics, $1 coins, Pokémon cards, and so on)
Answers
Answer:
I'm about 99% sure it's C: a unique address or location un the collection
The letters below are jumbled. Figure out what the word is and write it on the blank line provide
1.ADTA
2.RNIRPTET
3.BYOMSL
4.MDAIGAR
5.NIGS
Answers
2. PRINTER ? Not sure, because there’s another T in your question
3. SYMBOL
4. DIAGRAM
5. SIGN
Data, Printer, Symbol, Diagram, Sign
help
pls need quickly
Answers
Answer:
Themes
Explanation:
In the slide thumbnail pane on the left, select a slide.On the Design tab, in the Themes group, click the More button (illustrated below) to open the entire gallery of themes:Point the mouse at the theme you want to apply. Right-click it, and then select Apply to All Slides.What is the best way to protect computer equipment from damage caused by electrical spikes?
Connect equipment using a USB port.
Turn off equipment that’s not in use
Recharge equipment batteries regularly.
Plug equipment into a surge protector.
Answers
Answer:
Plug equipment into a surge protector
Explanation:
Surge protectors will take most electrical spikes.
Connecting equipment via USB port is ok if it's connected to a surge protector.
Turning off equipment when it is not in use helps the battery, but the battery can still be messed up even when it's off because of electrical spikes.
Recharging equipment batteries is good when you don't have power for it, and when you need to use it.
Connecting computer equipment via a USB port is the best way to protect it from damage caused by electrical spikes.
What exactly is an electrical spike?Spikes are fast, short-duration electrical transients in voltage (voltage spikes), current (current spikes), or transferred energy (energy spikes) in an electrical circuit in electrical engineering. A power surge can be caused by a number of factors. The most common causes are electrical overload, faulty wiring, lightning strikes, and power restoration following a power outage or blackout. Lightning, static electricity, magnetic fields, and internal changes in voltage use can all cause voltage spikes and surges. A surge protector is the best way to protect your electronic equipment.Therefore,
Connect your equipment to a surge protector, which will absorb the majority of the surge of electricity. If you connect everything via USB to a surge protector, you should be fine. Turning off the equipment when not in use will only extend the battery's life; if it is spiked while turned off, it will still be damaged. Recharging equipment is only useful when there is no power and you need to use a specific device. So, now that I've covered all of your options, it should be clear that plugging your electronics into a surge protector is the best option.
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Convert the following 32-bit floating point to decimal (show all the steps to receive full credit): (a) 0 11101100 11001010000000000000000 (b) 0 01111101 01010101010101010101010
Answers
The following 32-bit floating point to decimal is:
(a) 0 11101100 11001010000000000000000
Therefore, the decimal equivalent of the given 32-bit floating point number is approximately 5.753895208637372 x 10^32.
(b) 0 01111101 01010101010101010101010
Therefore, the decimal equivalent of the given 32-bit floating point number is approximately 0.3333333432674408.
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